On March 6, the Second Session of the 14th National People's Congress held a press conference on economic themes, at which Zheng Shajie, chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission, Lan Foan, minister of finance, Wang Wentao, minister of commerce, Pan Gongsheng, governor of the People's Bank of China, and Wu Qing, chairman of the China Supervision and Administration Commission, answered questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on development and reform, fiscal budget, commerce, finance and other related issues.
* According to the work report, the expected economic growth target for this year is about 5%. Zheng Shajie said that this is a scientific demonstration that takes into account the current and long-term, needs and possibilities on the basis of comprehensive balance. This goal is in line with the goals of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and basically matches the potential of economic growth.
Zheng Shajie said that last year, the main goals and tasks of China's economic development were successfully completed, and the characteristics of "stability", "progress" and "good" were prominent. In terms of structural indicators, new progress has been made in economic restructuring; In terms of quality indicators, the quality of economic development has been further improved.
The favorable conditions for China's economic development this year are stronger than the unfavorable factors, and the upward trend of the economy will be further consolidated and strengthened. Whether from the perspective of the short cycle or the long cycle of economic development, we have strong support. Zheng Shajie said.
*The work report proposes that starting from this year, it is planned to issue ultra-long-term special treasury bonds for several consecutive years, which will be used for the implementation of major national strategies and security capacity building in key areas. Zheng Shajie said that the issuance of ultra-long-term special treasury bonds can not only stimulate current investment and consumption, but also lay the foundation for long-term high-quality development. Preliminary considerations, we will focus on supporting the construction of scientific and technological innovation, urban-rural integrated development, regional coordinated development, food and energy security, and high-quality population development.
Moderate efforts to improve quality and efficiency are the keynote and characteristics of this year's fiscal policy. Lan Foan said that the moderate afterburner is mainly to coordinate the use of various fiscal policy tools, moderately expand the scale of fiscal expenditure, implement preferential tax policies, and promote high-quality development. It can be grasped from three aspects: first, the overall expansion of fiscal expenditure intensity, second, the significant increase in the scale of ** bonds, and third, the continued implementation of structural tax and fee reduction policies. To improve quality and efficiency, the main thing is to optimize fiscal management, strengthen policy coordination, and improve the quality and efficiency of fiscal policies. As far as financial management is concerned, it is necessary to persist in tapping potential internally and seeking efficiency from management. From the perspective of policy coordination, it is necessary to strengthen overall planning and coordination and amplify the combination effect.
Providing public services and ensuring people's livelihood are the most basic functions of public finance. The interests of the masses are no trivial matter, and the problems of people's livelihood are greater than the sky. Lan Foan said that in recent years, the financial department has continued to improve the "people's livelihood content" of funding arrangements, continuously enhance the "people's livelihood temperature" of policy measures, and strive to make the country's financial account book become the people's "happiness list". In the next step, the financial department will always implement the protection and improvement of people's livelihood into all financial work, insist on doing its best and doing what it can, focus on the urgent and difficult problems of the people, continue to increase financial investment, resolutely hold the bottom line of people's livelihood, and do a good job of the things that the people are concerned about.
Consumption is connected to the macro economy on the one hand, and people's lives on the other. Wang Wentao introduced that this year to promote consumption, the commerce department will focus on promoting the trade-in of consumer goods such as automobiles, home appliances, home decoration, kitchen and bathroom, and expand service consumption. The commerce department will work with relevant departments to promote service consumption from three aspects: strengthen overall planning and build a "1+N" work system; expand the opening up of the service sector and enrich the supply of service consumption; Build a platform carrier to innovate service consumption scenarios.
The industrial foundation, factor endowment and innovation ability on which foreign trade development is based are constantly increasing, export commodities are climbing to the upstream of the value chain, import market opportunities are also expanding, import and export have great potential, and foreign trade has shown strong resilience. To consolidate the fundamentals of foreign trade and foreign investment, we have confidence and confidence. Wang Wentao said.
How to cultivate new momentum for foreign trade and promote the high-quality development of foreign trade? Wang Wentao said that the focus should be on four aspects: one is to expand intermediate products, the second is to promote cross-border e-commerce exports, the third is to improve the level of digitalization, and the fourth is to promote green development.
*The work report proposes that a prudent monetary policy should be flexible, moderate, precise and effective. "In the regulation and control of monetary policy, we will pay more attention to balancing the relationship between short-term and long-term, stable growth and risk prevention, internal equilibrium and external equilibrium, strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustment, and strive to boost confidence, stabilize expectations, stabilize prices, and create a good monetary and financial environment for economic operation and development. Pan Gongsheng said, the first is to maintain a reasonable growth in the total amount. We will comprehensively use a variety of monetary policy tools, increase counter-cyclical adjustment, maintain reasonable and abundant liquidity, support the steady growth and balanced allocation of social financing scale and total monetary credit, and achieve the matching of the scale of social financing and the amount of broad money with the expected target of economic growth and level. The second is to continue to promote the steady decline in the cost of comprehensive social financing. Maintaining stability and promoting a moderate rebound are important considerations of monetary policy, taking into account the health of the balance sheet of the banking industry, and continuing to promote the steady and moderate decline of comprehensive social financing costs. The third is to pay more attention to improving efficiency in terms of structure. Further enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy in promoting economic restructuring, transformation and upgrading, and the transformation of old and new kinetic energy. Fourth, the exchange rate should be basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level.
Investors are the foundation of the market, listed companies are the foundation of the market, and investors and listed companies are the source of the development of the capital market. We must treat investors sincerely and kindly, better serve investors, further strengthen the protection of investors in terms of law, system, regulatory law enforcement and justice, enhance investors' confidence and trust in the market, and attract more investors, especially medium and long-term funds, to participate in the market. Wu Qing said.
* The work report proposes to enhance the internal stability of the capital market. Wu Qing said that to attach importance to the construction of the endogenous stability mechanism of the capital market and enhance the resilience of the market, we must adhere to systematic thinking, bottom-line thinking, and limit thinking, and implement comprehensive policies.
Include at least 'one cornerstone' and 'five pillars'. Wu Qing said that "a cornerstone" is a high-quality listed company, which must have good governance, stable returns or expected growth. Major shareholders, actual controllers and management must keep in mind that the listed company is a public company, and must have the awareness of the surname "public", be responsible to the public, and continue to improve the investment value. The "five pillars" are a more reasonable capital structure, a more complete basic system, a more effective market adjustment mechanism, better professional services, and stricter supervision and law enforcement.
Reporter Ge Mengchao).