What are the benefits of post-operative training?
Post-operative training can:
Enhance cardiopulmonary function and reduce pulmonary complications;
Improve blood circulation throughout the body and promote wound healing;
Promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce the occurrence of abdominal distention;
Promote the recovery of bladder contractile function and reduce the occurrence of urine retention;
prevent venous thrombosis of the lower extremities;
Prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers.
How?
Awake patients after general anesthesia should be placed in a semi-recumbent position.
The semi-recumbent position is beneficial to reduce wound tension and reduce postoperative pain; It is conducive to wound drainage, early extubation, and reduces the risk of postoperative infection; It can increase the tidal volume of the lungs and facilitate breathing; It is also a transitional position to a standing position, which helps to get out of bed early and promote wound recovery.
Turn over. Change positions at least once every 2 hours.
Ankle pump exercises. 1.The patient lies flat or sits on the bed, the lower limbs are extended, and the muscles are relaxed;
2.Slowly hook your toes so that your toes are facing you until you hold them for 5-10 seconds.
3.Then slowly press down on the toes to the maximum for 5-10s;
4.Then take the ankle joint as the center and rotate the foot 360°.
5.10 sessions for 1 set, 1 set every 2 hours.
Bridge movement. In the supine position, the patient is supine with the legs flexed, the hips extended, the buttocks raised, and then lowered, in sets of 10 times.
Alternating exercises of the lower limbs.
Lower limbs are flattened, hips and knees are flexed, 10 times are 1 set, which can be alternated left and right, or at the same time, 1 set every 2 hours.
1.Alternate hip flexion: Lie on your back on the bed with your knees straight, and flex your hips alternately 90 degrees on the left and right sides, gradually increasing the speed.
2.Alternate knee extension: Sit on the edge of the bed with your calves hanging down naturally, and alternately extend your knees on the left and right sides.
3.Alternate Sitting Steps: Alternate left and right steps while sitting, gradually increasing the speed.
4.Floor tapping exercise: The heel touches the ground and the toes are raised to make a tapping motion, which can be done with both feet at the same time or separately.
Early ambulatory conditions
1.Be conscious and able to answer questions correctly;
2.Stable vital signs;
3.Pain score 3 points: A scale of 0-10 numbers is used to indicate different levels of pain intensity, "0" is **, 10" is the most severe pain, below 4 is mild pain, 4-7 is moderate pain, and above 7 is severe pain.
Pain assessment tools: facial expression scale method or numeric grading method.
4.There was no abnormality in the drainage lines and incision dressings;
5.No nausea, vomiting and other uncomfortable symptoms;
6.preoperative voluntary walking;
7.Willing to get out of bed for activities.
Precautions for early ambulation
The wound can be pressed with the hand to prevent wound pain and protect the surgical incision.
Follow the principle of step-by-step: sitting, standing, moving in place, moving out of bed, and gradually increasing the amount and duration of activity. Walking time is recommended for 15-20 minutes each time, 3-4 times a day.
Ways to get out of bed and move:
1. Check each pipeline and place it properly, and help the patient sit up;
2. Help the patient move to the bedside, hang down with both feet, sit and stand on the side of the bed for a few minutes, observe the complexion and listen to the patient's opinions;
3. Help the patient to stand up at the bedside, closely observe and ask the patient if he is unwell, and help him to sit down and rest immediately if he feels unwell, and stand up slowly after the conscious symptoms improve;
4. Prepare a movable infusion stand or walker, the weak can walk indoors with the help of the walker, and the well-tolerated patients can walk in the corridor of the ward with the help of the movable infusion stand.
Get out of bed activity "trilogy".