The history of the development of Chinese genealogy

Mondo History Updated on 2024-03-01

Genealogy has a history of thousands of years, and is known as the three major historical documents along with the chronicles and the history of the country.

Ancient genealogies played an important role in marriage, election, social interaction, lineage, inheritance, etc., and these contents were also recorded in the compilation of genealogies, and the social life, political phenomena, and economic roles of the time would change.

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In different dynasties, the emphasis of genealogical content was also different.

The names of the fathers are one and the names of the children are one and the names of the children are one and the same, and the date of birth and death, the nickname, and the spouse are marked under each person's name, so that the blood relationship of the family is clearly listed.

Qin and Han dynastiesThere are genealogical works, such as "The Hidden Husband Treatise: Zhi's Surname", "Imperial Yearbook", etc., as well as the inscription of the family tree "Sun Shu Ao Tablet", which records the history of the family for hundreds of years, and the inscription has the nature of a family tree.

Genealogy of the Han DynastyThe role is to distinguish the lineage, distinguish the Mu, basically someone else's **, the content of the record includes family lineage, birth and death, trade name, official position, burial place, etc.

Han Dynasty genealogyThere is a characteristic that, for the sake of His Holiness, the words are not named.

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern DynastiesThe door valve system was fully developed, according to the content of the genealogical record to identify the noble and low, divided into grades, the family tree became an important basis for famous marriages and official positions, at that time the official was very particular about the origin, only the famous nobles could hold official positions.

Tang DynastyThere were three large-scale revisions, the first was when Tang Taizong asked Cen Wenwen, Gao Tulian and others to preside over the compilation of the family tree, and organized some officials, scholars, and scholars to participate in the compilation; The second time was that Xu Jingzong and Li Yifu asked for a revision on the pretext that the "Clan Chronicles" did not list the Wu clan as a clan and did not have the lineage of the Li family, and after the revision, it was renamed "Surname Record". The third time was during the period of Zhongzong's reset, Liu Chong thought that the "Clan Chronicles" and "Surname Records" had been promulgated for many years and requested revisions, and Liu Chong, Xu Jian and others rewrote them according to the "Clan Chronicles".

Song DynastyDuring the period, the folk practice of cultivating genealogy prevailed, and every clan could cultivate genealogy.

Many scholars participated in the compilation of genealogies, such as Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun and others, which made the form of genealogy innovative and the quality greatly improved.

The genealogy of this period has three parts, the pedigree chart, the body of the genealogy, and the appendix. The pedigree chart is to record the lineage and who his father is; The body of the genealogy is compiled in the order listed in the lineage chart, introducing the font size, year, official position, father's name, birth and death, nickname, marriage, etc.; The appendix is a study of surname culture, origin, distribution, and migration.

Ming DynastyThe content added to the genealogy mainly reflects the family rules, family property and other systems, and in terms of style, the contents of chronicles, pictures, examinations, and records have been added.

Qing DynastyDuring the period, in order to flaunt the famous family, many genealogies adopted the method of large sects, clinging to emperors or celebrities, which made some genealogies lose their authenticity.

The genealogy of the Qing Dynasty added biographies, ancestral halls, enrong records, characters, family rites, famous deeds, praises, lines, Yu Qinglu, and collar genealogy, etc., and restrictive regulations were made for those who entered the genealogy.

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