The Long March was a stormy journey in the history of the Red Army, and the risks encountered during this period made even those of us juniors feel extremely nervous when we read it.
The Long March was not called the "Long March" at the beginning, and the original destination was not northern Shaanxi.
Before the Battle of Xiangjiang, ** had put forward a "super bold plan", and if it had been adopted, there would have been no later Long March.
The Red Army was in the first.
I. 2. The performance in the third anti-encirclement campaign was very good, because the commanders were good at guerrilla warfare and movement warfare.
At the time of the fourth anti-encirclement campaign, ** no longer had military power. Even so, when the two of them used their mature experience in guerrilla warfare and sports warfare, they still won the victory.
In a word, in those days, ** that set of combat methods was very suitable for the Red Army.
During the fifth anti-encirclement campaign, the situation changed, and the commanders became Bogu and Li De. Bogu was the party's supreme leader at that time, and Li De was Bogu's most important military adviser.
It would be not objective to say that Li De did not have any ink, but this German has a problem: he admits death, likes to copy the German and Soviet Unions, and likes to fight positional warfare.
In Li De's view, with the experience he has in the past, everything is OK on the land of China.Bogu did not understand military affairs, and he fully relied on Li De's command, so the tragedy of the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression appeared, and the losses were heavy.
In the fifth encirclement and suppression of the Red Army, Chiang Kai-shek's troops won a great victory. Looking at the change in trends at that time, if some changes were not made, it was inevitable that the Red Army would go to the abyss of destruction.
After discussion, in July 1934, the Red Seventh Army was first dispatched and renamed the "Northward Anti-Japanese Advance Army", which was to attract the attention of the enemy in order to make the next arrangement.
This Red Seventh Army had a figure who later became famous, that is, Su Yu, the god of war, who served as the chief of staff at that time.
In addition, the Red Sixth Army led by Xiao Ke was sent to Xiangxi, striving to join the Red Second Army led by ** and establish a revolutionary base in Xiangxi.
The purpose of sending these two legions is twofold:It has to be said that the risk of the Red Seventh Army and the Red Sixth Army is particularly great, especially the Red Seventh Army, which is completely close to the heart of the enemy.First, to attract the enemy's encirclement, pursuit, and interception, reduce the pressure in the Soviet area, and see if there is room for survival;
Second, if the Red Sixth Army Corps performs well in western Hunan, it will strive to establish a large revolutionary base in western Hunan and Hubei.
However, in the face of the overall situation, there are no scruples so much.
In September 1934, the situation became increasingly tense, and the risks in the Soviet zone were increasing, so it was decided to carry out a "strategic shift" in the direction of the west.
Therefore, at the beginning, a "strategic shift" was carried out, and the direction was to the west. (At that time, the Red Second Army and the Red Sixth Army had not yet successfully joined forces.) )
From 1934 to 1935, the word used for the overall operation was not "Long March", but "transfer", "breakthrough", "westward expedition", etc. Among them, the "Western Expedition" is used more.
The first time the word "Long March" was used was in May 1935, in the Yimin District of Daliang Mountain, the commander-in-chief of the Red Army** issued the "Proclamation of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army", which contained these two sentences: The Red Army's Long March of 10,000 miles is like a bamboo.
The second time the "Long March" was used was on June 12, 1935, when the Red First Army and the Red Fourth Front Army successfully met for the first time, and the "Red Star Daily" published a song "Song of the Two Main Forces", one of the lyrics of which was "More than 10,000 miles of the Long March".
However, the Long March is still not widely available.
In November 1935, at a meeting held in northern Shaanxi, ** made a wonderful speech, in which he said: According to statistics, the Red Army team that walked the most traveled 25,000 miles, which was indeed an expedition, a veritable and unprecedented Long March.
Since then, the term "Long March" has been widely spread, and the "25,000-mile Long March" has also become a popular "long word" passed on by the Red Army.
** The Red Army was transferred from October 10, 1934, and a magnificent epic chapter was opened and the Long March began.
At that time, a total of 86,859 people participated in the Long March.
The direction of the Long March was first southward and then westward.
When he went south, he had already communicated with Chen Jitang's people, and Chen Jitang promised: as long as it is not to enter the Guangdong area in depth, but just passing by, try to give a certain amount of convenience.
Because the two sides had a certain tacit understanding and did not get entangled much, the Red Army successfully passed the first line of defense: the Taojiang Defense Line.
The second line of defense is: between Rucheng, Renhua and Chengkou at the junction of Hunan and Guangdong provinces.
There was a Hunan army on this line of defense, and there was also a Cantonese army that did not contribute to the work, but the Cantonese army was mainly to prevent the Red Army from moving south, and as for the westward expedition, it did not care.
Therefore, the Red Army also quickly passed through the second line of defense.
The third line of defense is: a line of defense established between Chenxian and Yizhang in Hunan.
Chiang Kai-shek was furious and ordered the Sichuan warlord He Jian and the Guangdong warlord Chen Jitang to block the Red Army. However, Chiang Kai-shek's good intentions were again disappointed, and the Red Army once again passed through the third line of defense.
The Red Army planned to the west and red.
Second, the attempt of the Red Sixth Army to join was so obvious that Chiang Kai-shek and others could see it clearly, and Chiang Kai-shek felt that this was stable, because there were three great rivers in front of him, one was Xiaoshui, the second was the Xiangjiang River, and the third was Lishui, and these three great rivers were natural barriers.
In this regard, Chiang Kai-shek began to dispatch troops and arrange for He Jian in Hunan, Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi in Guangxi, Chen Jitang in Guangdong, and Xue Yue and Zhou Hunyuan of the ** Army to encircle and intercept the Red Army.
Our army has also heard about the enemy's movements, and at this time, Li De and Bogu are preparing the strategy of "knowing that there are tigers in the mountains and marching towards the tiger mountains", as if to compare whose fists are harder.
**Although there is no military power, you can still express your opinions,**said:
Taking advantage of the fact that all the armies were busy mobilizing, especially the troops of Xue Yue and Zhou Hunyuan had not yet approached, they organized forces to counterattack and have a "return gun". In this way, seek and destroy the enemy all the way or one part, and change the passive to the active.
This plan was too bold, and Bogu and Li De repeatedly disagreed.
However, **very supportive***'s suggestion, thinking that after that, it is possible to enter the southern Hunan region and quickly attack northward, at this time the main force of the Hunan army is in the northwest of Hunan and southern Hunan is empty.
According to ***'s statement, combined with ***'s suggestion, first come to the center to bloom, and then, you can not only go west to meet the Red Second Army and the Red Sixth Army, but also continue to toss in southern Hunan.
The plan was too bold for Bogu and Li De to make a decision, and finally insisted on continuing westward.
There was no way, the Red Army continued to advance westward, and suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Xiangjiang, and the Red Army soldiers were sharply reduced to more than 30,000 people. What a pity!
If ***'s suggestion had been adopted at that time, there might not have been a later Long March. It's just that Bogu and Li De don't dare at all! It's a pity that there were more than 30,000 soldiers in the Battle of Xiangjiang. List of high-quality authors