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"Gong Liu".
Dugong Liu, bandit living in gangsters.
Reciting Reader:
Wang Mengxi, a member of the reform and innovation reading class.
Click to listen to the recitation audio
"Gong Liu".
Author: Anonymous Dynasty: Pre-Qin.
Dugong Liu, bandit living in gangsters. It is a territory, and it is a warehouse; It is wrapped in food, and it is in the bag.
Thinking with light, bows and arrows; Fight and fight, and the party will set off.
Dugong Liu, Yu Xu Siyuan. It is both complicated, obedient and proclaimed, and there is no eternal sigh.
陟 is in the top, and the return is in the original. Why? Wei Yu and Yao, the sword of the Yan Rong.
Dugong Liu, passed away in a hundred springs. Zhan Bi Puyuan, is the south of the Gang. It is in Beijing, the wilderness of Beijing.
In the time and place, in the time of travel, in the time of words, in the words of the times.
Dugong Liu, Yu Jing Siyi. Staggering and stumbling, a feast. If you ascend to it, you will make it.
Stick to the prison and use it as you please. The food and drink are the king's sect.
Dugong Liu, both Pu and long. Both the scenery is Gang, its yin and yang, and the view of its flowing spring.
Its army has three orders, and it is the plain. Through the field for food, spend its sunset. The dwelling is deserted.
Dugong Liu, Yu Si Pavilion. Involved in chaos is a mess, take strength and forge, and stop the foundation.
There are many people, and they are sandwiched by their imperial streams. Trace it over the stream. Stopping the journey is secret, and Rui is the same.
Reference Notes:
1) Du: Honesty and loyalty.
2) Bandit dwelling and banditry: Zhu Xi's "Collected Biography": "Residence, peace; Kang, Ning also. "Bandit, no. The phrase is not to covet the tranquility of the dwelling.
3) 埸 (yì): 田界. 廼, the same as "nai".
4) Accumulation: The place where the grain is piled up in the open air, later also known as "Yu". Warehouse: Warehouse.
5) Food: dry food.
6) Yu Yu Yu Bag: refers to putting it in a pocket. There is a bottom sac, and there is no bottom.
7) Thoughts: Harmony and unity. Think, speak. Use light: take it as honor.
8) Si: Speech. Zhang: Prepare, just like Zhang Luo.
9) Dry: Shield. Qi: Axe. Jan: The big axe, also known as the Yue.
10) Xu: Inspection. Si Yuan: The wilderness here.
11) Prosperous: large population. Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "There are many people who live in it. ”
12) Shun: It means that the people's will is obedient. Xuan: Shu Chang.
13) 陟: climbing. 巘 (yǎn): hill.
14) Boat: Wear.
15) 鞸 (bǐ): scabbard. 琫 (běng): A jade ornament on the mouth of a knife scabbard.
16) Death: Past.
17) 溥 (pǔ): vast.
18) Looking: Inspecting. Kyo: Takaokka. A interpretation of the name of the place.
19) Jingshi: Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "Jingshi, high mountains and many people. Dong said: 'The so-called Beijing master is built here. 'In the later generations, he was also the master of the capital. ”
20) Yu Shi: So. , pass "yes". Everywhere: Residence.
21) Lu Brigade: This two words are used in ancient times, that is, "Travel", which means sojourn. See Ma Ruichen's "General Interpretation of Mao's Poems". This refers to the Bin Inn.
22) Stumbling and stumbling: Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "The ministers have a majestic appearance. "Case, staggering, describes walking rhythmically; Jiji, calm and dignified.
23) 俾翵俾数: 俾, make. A feast, a mat spread on the ground to sit on. several, a small table placed on the mat. The ancients sat on the ground, so the clouds.
24) It is to make its Cao: to make, three poems to proclaim. Cao, sacrifice to the pig god. Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "Cao, the place where the herds are also grazed. "It's also possible. One refers to the guests.
25) Prison: Pigsty.
26) Drinking: refers to pouring wine. Kuang: gourd, this refers to the scoop cut into the gourd, which was called Kuangjue in ancient times.
27) Junzhi: refers to being a monarch. Zongzhi refers to being the head of the clan.
28) Both Jing Naigang: Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "Jing, the test day scene is also square. Gang, climb high to look at also. "Press, Jingtong "Shadow".
29) Phase its Yin and Yang: Phase, inspection. Yin and yang refer to the north and south of the mountain. The south is called yang, and the north is called yin.
30) 三面 (shàn): single, through "Zen", which means to take turns on duty. Three singles, it is said that the army is divided into three, with one army serving and other armies being rotated. Mao Chuan: "Three singles, attack each other." That's what it means.
31) degrees: Measured. 隰 (xí) 原: A low-lying place.
32) Tho Tian: The system of Zhou people managing the acres of fields. Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "Thoroughly, Tongye." A well of 900 acres of land, eight private 100 acres, the same public land, ploughing is to work together, harvest is calculated and divided into acres. The method of Zhou Zhitho began from here. ”
33) Sunset: "Erya Shishan": "Shanxi is called sunset. ”
34) Yunfamine: It is indeed vast.
35) Weishui: Weishui, the source of the North Bird and Mouse Mountain in Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, flows southeast to Qingshui County, enters the territory of present-day Shaanxi Province, traverses the Weihe Plain, flows east to Tongguan, and enters the Yellow River. Chaos: Crossing.
36) Strong: through "sharpening", whetstone. Forging: Iron, this refers to the stone hammer used to strike iron.
37) Zhi Ji Nairi: "Collected Poems": "Stop, dwell; base, set also; Li, Jiang Liye. "A release is the foundation, the base is the base, the reason is the governance, and the meaning is more open-minded.
38) There are many people who are rich and rich.
39) Huangjian: The name of the water in the land.
40) Over the stream: also the name of the water, "over" read Pingsheng.
41) Stop travel is dense: refers to the increasing density of people who come to settle down.
42) Rui 鞫 (ruì jū): Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems": "Rui, the name of the water, out of the northwest of Wushan Mountain, east into Jing. "Zhou Li: Staff" as a sting. Sheath, outside the water also. The above sentences say that the emperor stream and the river are established, and they are developing to the Ruishui Basin.
Reference Translation:
Loyal to my ancestor and good husband Liu, I don't want to be healthy and enjoyed. Divide the boundaries and govern the fields, the grain in the warehouse is piled thick, and the dry food is packed for travel. The big bags and small bags are full, and everyone is united and glorious for a long time. Putting on bows and arrows, holding spears, shields, knives and axes, and striding forward. Loyal to my ancestor Liu, he inspected the land and planned Zhou. Many people followed, and the people's hearts were smooth and comfortable, without sighing or worrying. Suddenly climb to the top of the mountain and look into the distance, and suddenly go down to the plain to take a closer look. What treasure do you wear? The beautiful jade Qiongyao is like a sheath, and the sheath jade ornament is brilliant and soft. Loyal to my ancestor and good father, Liu, walking along the bank of the stream, the vast field is full of eyes. Climb the high hill and look at it, and the beautiful scenery of the capital division is at a glance. The four fields of the capital are more fertile, and the capital is beautiful here, so go and repair the palace quickly. Talking and laughing and laughing, laughing and talking about joy. Loyal to my ancestors, good Gong Liu, Dingdu Jingshi Lihongyou. The ministers and attendants were majestic, and they went to the banquet to make mistakes. The guests and hosts arranged in turn, and first sacrificed to the pig god to ask for protection. Catch pigs in the pen to make delicacies, and drink wine with scoops. Drunk and full, he was in a good mood and elected Gong Liu as the leader. Loyal to my ancestor and good father, Liu, wide and long, measuring the plains and hills. The south and north of the mountain were measured for a week, and the water source and water flow were surveyed. The army was organized into three squads to survey the lowlands, dig deep ditches, and open up wasteland to grow grain and control the fields. Then take a closer look at the West Mountain, the vast land is really not the old. Loyal to my ancestor and good husband Liu, the palace environment is quiet. Crossing the Weishui River to drive a wooden boat, stone forging stone is at your disposal. The block base is well governed, and the people are smiling and talking. People on both sides of the Huangjian River lived, facing the stream and looking into the distance. The settlers were densely populated, and the banks of the river were further across. ▼
Reference Appreciation:
This poem has a total of six chapters, each chapter has six sentences, all of which start with "Du Gong Liu", judging from the tone of admiration, it must be made by the people of Zhou Dynasty, focusing on the historical facts of the foundation created after Gong Liu Qianfeng. The first chapter of the poem writes about Gong Liu's preparations before departure. He divided the borders of Taidi, led the people to work diligently, and packed the harvest grain into warehouses, made dry food, and packed it bag by bag. Then he pulled his bow and arrows, picked up all kinds of axes, and then marched towards the land. In the following chapters, he first surveyed the fields, sometimes climbing to the top of the mountain, sometimes walking on the plains, sometimes inspecting the springs, and sometimes surveying the land. Then start planning **planting,**building houses,**breeding,**quarrying......When everything was settled, a feast was held to celebrate, and a leader was elected. The leader was established, and the army was organized for defense. The poem depicts the process of Gongliu's expansion of territory and the establishment of the state clearly, as if bringing the reader into ancient times, ** a picture of the industrious and simple life of the ancestors. In the whole article, the character of Gong Liu is prominently shaped. He was far-sighted and had a pioneering spirit. He could have lived and worked in peace and contentment when he was engaged in agriculture in Taidi, but he did not dare to live in peace and contentment, and he still had a suitable land and led the people to open up land with a better environment. As the head of the tribe, he was very organized and well-versed in the art of leadership. Before leaving, he made careful preparations, and he would set off after the soldiers were well fed. After arriving, he worked tirelessly, surveyed the terrain, planned and constructed, and did everything in detail. Shiyun: "陟 is in the top, and the return is in the original." Why? Wei Yu and Yao, the sword of the Yan Rong. Wearing beautiful jade gems and a glittering scabbard, he climbed mountains and waded through waters, and went to the front line in person, such a glorious leader naturally won the support of the masses and the praise of later generations of scholars. The poem not only writes about Gong Liu as the head of the tribe, but also about the people, and writes about the relationship between Gong Liu and the people who work together and share weal and woe. Shiyun: "Thinking with light." Youyun: "It is both complicated, it is obedient, and there is no eternal sigh." It means that they are united in thought and closely follow each other in action, and everyone is in a good mood, and none of them sighs in the face of difficulties. "In the time and place, in the time of travel, in the time of words, in the time of words", the poet used a set of analogies, eulogizing the vivid scenes of people gossiping, talking and laughing after settling down. It seems that in Gong Liu's time, there seems to be both a certain degree of organizational discipline and a certain degree of democratic freedom. Shiyun: "Stumbling and stumbling, a feast." If you ascend to it, you will make it. Stick to the prison and use it as you please. The food and drink are the king's sect. At the celebratory feast, people sit down in turn and share sumptuous food and drinks. When they were full of wine and food, people jointly elected leaders, which seems to be a microcosm of the political life of the ancestors. The poem is characterized by showing the social landscape of the time in action and portraying characters in specific scenes. Whether it is the row of "bow and arrow, dry and vigorous", whether it is the survey scene of "both Pu and long, both the scenery is Gang, and the yin and yang", the people and the scenery are combined to describe, so there are people in the scene, lifelike. The slight feeling is that there are many places to write surveys, although the second, third, fifth, and ** sections have their own emphasis, but repetition is inevitable. This is probably due to the fact that the life of the tribe at that time was relatively simple, and there was not much else to write about. However, it is indeed rare to have such an epic in that era. ▼
Note: Authorized to publish, this article has been selected and included in the "Chang'an Street Reading Club" theoretical learning platform (People's **, People's Political Consultative Conference Daily, Beijing**, China Rural Revitalization magazine, Xinhuanet, Central **, National Party Media Information Public Platform, Horizon, Beijing Time, Surging Government Affairs, Phoenix News Client "Chang'an Street Reading Club" column synchronization), *The source and author of the "Chang'an Street Reading Club" theoretical learning platform must be uniformly indicated.
Editor-in-charge: Deng Qidong; Preliminary review: Cheng Ziqian, Chen Jiani; Re-examiner: Li Yufan
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