At present, the scale of engineers in China has reached more than 20 million, but it is still difficult to meet the requirements of a manufacturing power. Fang Shouen, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Secretary of the Party Committee of Tongji University, suggested that the reform of independent training of outstanding engineers in the new era should be accelerated.
The proportion of engineers in the labor force in China is 24%, about 2 and 5 percentage points lower than the United States and the European Union, respectively. From the perspective of the proportion of manufacturing engineers, the proportion of engineers in China's manufacturing industry is only 36%, well below Germany's 232%, EU 142% level; From the perspective of the supply trend of engineers, the supply of engineers in the leading industry is seriously insufficient. Taking Shanghai as an example, there are 175 types of talents in 14 key areas facing the three leading industries of integrated circuits, biomedicine, and artificial intelligence. Fang Shouen said.
In the investigation, Fang Shouen found that the reasons for the talent gap of outstanding engineers in China are: first, the society's sense of identity with engineers is not strong, and the engineers' own sense of honor is not strong; Second, the motivation of enterprises to participate in the training of engineers' practical ability is insufficient; Third, the homogeneity or even dislocation of engineer education, the backward training mode of engineer education, and the inability to adapt to the rapid development of strategic emerging industries and leading industries, have brought challenges to the existing training system.
In order to speed up the construction of an outstanding engineer team, Fang Shouen suggested:
The first is to strengthen the industry drive, create a social atmosphere, and attract more young talents to join the engineer team. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the existing manufacturing industry, and drive the supply of engineer talents with industrial policies and industrial demand prospects. For strategic emerging industries, such as information technology, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, etc., increase support for the training of engineering and technical talents urgently needed by the country. Strengthen and improve the engineering and technical job system, vigorously improve the honor and salary, continuously improve the social status of engineers, create conditions for them to become talents, create a good social atmosphere of seeing the wise and thinking together, working hard, overcoming difficulties, and innovating to be the first, so as to attract more young talents to join the engineer team.
The second is to organize the establishment of a high-quality, co-built and shared engineer training platform, and strengthen the excellent engineering talent training system that integrates industry and education. Policies have been introduced to take the participation of enterprises in the cultivation of university engineer talents as corporate responsibility, establish an assessment and evaluation system, and jointly establish a training model combining university courses and industry training with the school. Encourage enterprises to provide colleges and universities with the problem needs, project sources and support elements of scientific research and innovation, open up a green channel for the integration of industry and education intellectual property rights, build a mechanism for the protection and transformation of intellectual property rights for the integration of industry and education, and protect the intellectual property rights created by enterprises in the integration of industry and education. Establish a standard system for the engineering practice ability of engineering teachers in colleges and universities, support colleges and universities to deepen the reform of the talent system and mechanism, and take industry background and practical experience as an important part of teacher assessment and evaluation.
The third is to meet the needs and establish a sound training system for outstanding engineers. The main goal of research universities is to train scientists and outstanding engineers in the field of engineering, the main goal of universities of applied technology is to cultivate technical and skilled talents, and the main goal of vocational colleges is to cultivate technical and operational talents, and to establish a "flyover" for the growth of all kinds of talents. At the same time, it will strengthen cooperation with UNESCO in international STEM education and research, establish international accreditation for engineering education and professions, make a global layout and reserve for talent training in key areas in advance, and do a good job in connecting with the cultivation of international outstanding engineering and scientific and technological talents.
Author: Ren Zhaoxia.