This was one of the most tragic battles of the War of Liberation! The 11 elite divisions of the Kuomintang Army were dispatched by sea, land and air together, and fought a bloody battle with the People's Liberation Army for 6 days and 6 nights, but they could not capture this small village of less than 100 households!
After the battle, our army listed it as one of the "three major blocking battles" in the War of Liberation, and the US Military Academy at West Point even wrote this battle into military textbooks as a classic example of positional defensive warfare.
So, why are the two sides fighting such a battle? How exactly did this battle go to win this award?
September 12, 1948Swinging southward, the Northeast Field Army's million-strong army divided into three routes and launched a general offensive against the Kuomintang troops holding Changchun, Shenyang, and Jinzhou, and the Liaoshen Campaign officially broke out.
In this operation, the PLA's strategic goal was to cut off the Jingfeng railway line from Shenyang to Beiping and to divide the three cities of Jinzhou, Shenyang, and Changchun, so as to encircle and annihilate the defending troops in one fell swoop.
The strategy of the Kuomintang army was also very simple, the defending troops held the city and waited for reinforcements to arrive. It can be said that the two sides are almost fighting on open cards, and it is impossible to end it easily unless they fight to the death.
In the eastern Shenyang area, the Kuomintang only left Shenyang City and the Ninth Corps, commanded by Liao Yaoxiang; In the western Jinzhou region, the Sixth Corps guarded the city and was commanded by Fan Hanjie.
It stands to reason that the ** should retreat at this time, but they made a puzzling decisionStick to Shenyang and Jinzhou.
And this has to mention Chiang Kai-shek's "micro-manipulation", this person does not have much military talent, but likes to interfere with the command of generals, ** The Ninth Corps is stuck in Shenyang, which is also an order he forcibly ordered.
In Lao Chiang's view, as long as the troops in Shenyang and Jinxi launched a flank attack from the east and west, the situation would definitely improve, but he did not want to think about the feasibility of this plan.
In fact, in order to relieve the siege of Jinzhou, Lao Chiang deliberately mobilized more than three armies from North China and East China, commanded by Lieutenant General Hou Jingru, escorted by **, arrived in the Jinxi area by troop carrier.
These forces include:39th Army, 54th Army, 62nd Army, and 3 divisionsThe subordinate units are basically the elite of North China and East China, equipped with American weapons and heavy artillery.
Before Lao Jiang personally flew to Shenyang to command, he even called his confidant Luo Qi and gave a death order: appoint you as the leader of the field inspection team, and you will personally supervise the key point of the battle, Tashan, and if you can't capture it, you will engage in military law!
Although the Northeast Field Army did not intercept this deployment plan, it had already planned for it.
As early as 1 October, he deployed the 4th Column, the 11th Column, and their subordinate units to the front line of Tashan, and for the sake of insurance, he also sent the 1st Column, which owed one division, as a reserve.
According to his analysis, the Jinzhou and Jinxi areas are only separated by nearly 20 kilometers, and Tashan Village is the most critical, and Dongye needs to launch an active offensive to consume the enemy's vital forces and hold the position.
I have to say, this"Offensive Defense".The tactics are very subtle, on the one hand, not to make our army too passive, and on the other hand, it can also frustrate the enemy's spirit, so as to hold it back.
Soon, ** approved this plan, the PLA and ** were ready respectively, and the world-famous Tashan blocking battle was about to break out.
In order to capture Tashan, Chiang Kai-shek even flew to Huludao in person on October 6 to give a lecture to the "Eastern Advance Corps".This battle is about the victory or defeat of the war and even the survival of the Northeast, you must have the determination to kill yourself!
It is no exaggeration to say that in order to seize Tashan Village, which has less than 100 households, the two sides are almost playing with open cards, and there is no way to retreat.
Two days later, on October 8, the 4th Column of the Northeast Field Army, which was in charge of the main defense, arrived at Tashan Village. According to the plan of the superiors, they needed to build fortifications from Yushan Island in the east to Baitai Mountain in the west.
You must know that Dayushan Island is just a small island of nearly one square kilometer, the so-called mountain on the island is less than 60 meters, and the highest Baitai Mountain is only 200 meters on average.
And according to the intercepted intelligence, the vanguard has arrived in the Tashan area, and it is almost an impossible task to build fortifications in a short period of time with the mountain that can be said to be non-existent.
However, the 4th Column was not afraid, and under the command of Cheng Zihua, commander of the 2nd Corps, the troops gave full play to the concept of "defending the mountain and guarding the village", and urgently built a temporary fortification, which was regarded as having a position.
At 4 o'clock in the morning on October 10th, ** was ready together, and without waiting for our army to build more fortifications, they took the lead in launching a tentative attack, and the Tashan Resistance Battle, one of the "Three Major Resistance Battles", officially broke out!
The 151st Division, the 8th Division, and the 62nd Provisional Division, which were responsible for this exploratory attack, were divided into three routes, and took the American-style ** to Baitai Mountain, Tashan Village, and Dayushan Island, and the attack was followed by ** subordinate artillery units.
Due to the hasty construction of our army's fortifications, more than 40 American heavy artillery pieces of the enemy army caused great trouble to our army, most of the bunkers were blown up, and the tunnel guards were blown up to the point of sawdust.
Not only that, but in the afternoon, they also dispatched a large number of fighters to launch a dive on our position, and after several strafing shots, the 4 columns and one platoon were miserable, and in the end there were only 8 people left.
However, fortunately, although the enemy army used better weapons, its will was not very firm, and some ** immediately retreated, so the 4th column repelled the enemy's two collective charges.
After the first day of fighting, the 4th Column learned the lesson of the weak fortifications, began to strengthen the fortifications at night, and at the same time adjusted the tactics, and waited until the enemy shelling and bombardment were over, and our troops came to block the attack from the fortifications.
In fact, the 4-vertical change of tactics did work wonders. On the morning of the 11th, ** added another division and launched a fierce attack on our army's position with the strength of 4 divisions, which was skillfully defused by our army with evasive tactics, and ** was also much smaller than on the first day.
In this way, after two days of fighting, our army finally stabilized its position and successfully blocked the tentative attack of the enemy, who, after leaving nearly 2,500 corpses, could only temporarily retreat and wait for reinforcements to arrive.
I have to say that the combat effectiveness of the Kuomintang army is indeed very stretched, according to Chiang Kai-shek's vision, this battle should be the three armies of the navy, land and air force at the same time, but the air force only had an effect on the first day, and the navy did not move.
After two days of failed tentative offensive on October 10 and 11, the Kuomintang army finally understood that it was necessary to assemble heavy forces. On the same day, Hou Jingru, who was personally ordered by Chiang Kai-shek, led the reinforcements to the front line and took over the command.
On the 12th, ** did not launch an offensive, but adjusted its deployment and tactics. For this reason, Wei Lihuang, a famous general and commander-in-chief, even flew to Huludao and told Hou Jingru to be cautious in using troops.
At 4 o'clock in the morning of the next day, almost all of the US weapons "Eastern Advance Corps" were dispatched, and in the rumbling sound of American heavy artillery, they launched a frantic attack on our army's position.
And in the first army participating in the war,The most famous was the independent 95th Division, the division is based on the original Ma Jiajun, with the Whampoa Military Academy officers formed, the fighting style is very fierce, is one of the most elite, has always had the reputation of "Zhao Zilong's division".
Not only that, in addition to the American fighters that were dispatched before, a temporary mixed fleet was also dispatched for this operationIncluding the cruiser "Chongqing", the largest warship in China at that time, as well as 22 large and small ships such as "Taikang" and "Yongsheng".
It can be said that the elite of the Kuomintang army's navy, land and air force are all in force, and they are bound to take the Tashan area in one fell swoop. Before the battle began, Hou Jingru even gave Zhao Zilongshi such an order:Fill it for me with human lives, and if you can't beat a wave of offensives, do it again!
However, no matter how powerful the ** equipment is, no matter how elite the troops, with pig teammates, they can only hate the battlefield. When Zhao Zilong's division launched a man-sea offensive against our army's position, its friendly troops did not move.
For example, the captain of the cruiser Chongqing, on the grounds of poor vision, was passive and slacking off on the side; The 21st Division was even more outrageous, and Luo Qi, the leader of the battle supervision team personally ordered by Lao Chiang, asked him to go for reinforcements, but his superior commander ordered them to stop advancing.
In the end, the fierce attack launched by ** was repelled by our army, **more than 1,200 people, of which Zhao Zilong's division ** was the heaviest, and was almost wiped out and had to retreat to recuperate.
Of course, in this onslaught on the 13th, our army also appeared more than 1,000 people, which was the most important day in the Tashan blockade.
However, fortunately, after three blockades, including the most violent third attack, plus the artillery counterattack organized by our army, the momentum of the ** in the next two days has been exhausted, and it is impossible to get any closer.
Especially in the battle of Tashan on the 14th, although ** repeatedly charged and seized the forward position nine times, its follow-up will was not good, and it was soon recaptured by our army, and finally left more than 3,000 corpses and fled in a hurry.
On October 16, with the official capture of Jinzhou by Dongye, Chiang Kai-shek's strategy of advancing east and west was declared bankrupt, and the "Eastern Advance Corps" did not launch another offensive, but turned to the defense on the spot, and our army's Tashan Resistance Battle ended victoriously.
From October 10th to 15th, the 4th and 11th columns of the Northeast Field Army and the Eastern Advance Corps of the Kuomintang Army fought bloody battles for six days and six nights, destroying 6,549 enemies at the cost of 3,774 people, stubbornly blocking them outside the Tashan defensive line, and could not move an inch.
In this battle, our army emerged Tashan Hero Regiment, Baitai Mountain Hero Regiment, Tashan Hero Garrison Regiment, Megatron Enemy Courage Artillery Regiment and other heroic groups, it can be said that without the victory of the Tashan Blockade Battle, the Jinzhou Campaign could not have been won, and the trend of the Liaoshen Campaign would have been very different.
There is no danger to defend Tower Mountain, there is no tower in Tower Mountain, there is no mountain in Tower Mountain, the four verticals are towers, and the four verticals are mountains!