This article is from "Nankai Sun Pharmacist", which is used for medical science popularization for reference. 1. Western medicine:
1. Polyene phosphatidylcholine:
This drug is refined from crude phospholipid substances extracted from soybeans, and its main components are "essential" phospholipids of the human body. Phospholipids are the basic components of the human cell and tissue membrane system, and play an important role in membrane-dependent metabolism, cell regeneration, and detoxification. In liver disease, damage to liver parenchymal cells and organelles inevitably occurs, regardless of its **, accompanied by the loss of phospholipids.
This drug plays a very important role in the regeneration and remodeling of hepatocytes by supplementing the exogenous phospholipid components of the human body and combining them into the membrane structure of hepatocytes, and can significantly improve the transmembrane process of nutrients and electrolytes, and increase the activity of phospholipid-dependent enzymes. At the same time, high-energy phospholipid molecules combine with hepatocyte membranes or organelle membranes to provide a large amount of energy to the diseased liver, which is necessary for the formation and function of biomembranes. In addition, the drug can also be secreted into bile, improve the proportion of cholesterol and phospholipids in bile, increase the water solubility of bile components, and reduce the gallstone formation index. It is suitable for fatty liver patients with obvious abnormal liver function and metabolic disorders.
2. Ursodeoxycholic acid:
It is a 7-isomer of chenodeoxycholic acid (primary bile acid in normal bile), which has the following characteristics: (1) increases the secretion of bile acids, resulting in changes in the composition of bile acids, so that its content in bile increases, and has a choleretic effect. (2) It can inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, significantly reduce the amount of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in bile and the saturation index of cholesterol, which is conducive to the gradual dissolution of cholesterol in stones. It can also promote the formation of liquid cholesterol crystal complexes, which can accelerate the excretion and removal of cholesterol from the gallbladder to the intestines. (3) Relax the ampullary sphincter of hepatopancreas and strengthen the choleretic effect. (4) Reduce liver fat, increase the activity of liver catalase, promote the accumulation of liver glycogen, and improve the liver's ability to resist and detoxify; It can also reduce the concentration of triacylglycerol in the liver and blood. (5) Inhibit the secretion of digestive enzymes and digestive juices. (6) Foreign studies have also shown that ursodeoxycholic acid has immunomodulatory effects on chronic liver diseases, and can significantly reduce the expression of hepatocyte type I human leukocyte histocompatibility antigen (HLA) and reduce the number of activated T cells. However, according to the latest evidence-based medical evidence, this drug has only a weak effect on primary biliary cirrhosis, and its widespread use in primary biliary cirrhosis needs to be re-evaluated. It is indicated for patients with fatty liver with cholesterol-type gallstones or/or cholestatic liver disease.
3. Dicyclic alcohol:
It has been shown that most of the liver damage caused by ** is often accompanied by inflammatory reactions of varying severity. The main mechanism of action of dicyclic alcohol is twofold. First, it can inhibit the expression and activity of a variety of inflammatory regulators induced by liver damage, including nuclear transcription factor-B (NF-B), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos). Secondly, it can inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen groups (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), thereby reducing the consumption of antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH) in the body. Therefore, bicyclic alcohol can alleviate inflammatory response and oxidative stress damage, which helps to stabilize hepatocyte membranes and organelle membranes, improve mitochondrial function, protect the structure and function of hepatocyte nuclear DNA, and inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis, so as to achieve anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects. It is indicated for patients with fatty liver with abnormally elevated serum aminotransferases.
2. Chinese patent medicine:
1. Strong liver capsule:
The formula is raw astragalus, codonopsis, yam, angelica, white peony, yellow essence, rehmannia root, salvia, turmeric, yinchen, zexiao, qinjiang, banlan root, shenqu, hawthorn, licorice. Fangzhong yellow flower, codonopsis, yam strengthen the spleen and invigorate qi, and biochemical qi and blood; Angelica, white peony, yellow essence, and rehmannia nourish yin and nourish blood, nourish the liver and kidneys, nourish water and culvert wood, and soften the liver and nourish the liver. Salvia miltiorrhiza and tulip invigorate blood and qi, soothe the liver and relieve depression. Divine Comedy, hawthorn to eliminate food and stagnation, strengthen the spleen and stomach. Yin Chen, Ze Yuan, Qin Gang clear heat and dampness; Radix clears heat and detoxifies. Licorice strengthens the spleen and invigorates qi, and reconciles various medicines. The combination of all medicines plays a role in strengthening the spleen and soothing the liver, clearing dampness and heat, and nourishing qi and blood.
Clinically, Qianggan Capsule is used for fatty liver with spleen deficiency and qi stagnation, damp heat and internal obstruction syndrome, symptoms of swelling pain or dull pain in both flanks, fatigue and fatigue, abdominal suffocation, abdominal distension, and complexion.
2. Liver protection tablets:
The formula is Bupleurum chinensis, Yin Chen, Banlan root, pork bile powder, mung bean, and Schisandra chinensis. Fangzhong Bupleurum soothes the liver and relieves depression, which is the king's medicine. Yin Chen Qing is damp and hot, and the gallbladder is yellow; Banlan root, pig bile powder, mung bean clear heat, detoxify and dispel dampness, the four are the subordinate medicines. Schisandra chinensis nourishes the kidneys and nourishes the liver, and is an adjuvant. The combination of various medicines plays a role in soothing the liver and regulating qi, clearing heat and detoxifying.
Clinically, liver protection tablets are used for fatty liver liver syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency, symptoms such as flank distension and tightness, depression and discomfort, fatigue, abdominal pain and diarrhea, abdominal distension and discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, irregular stool, excessive desire, pale red tongue, thin white or white moss, tooth marks, and thin pulse.
3. Sang Ge lipid lowering pills:
The formula is mulberry parasitism, kudzu, yam, hawthorn, salvia, safflower, rhubarb, zexiao, yinchen, dandelion. In the formula, mulberry parasitism is used to nourish the liver and kidneys, nourish blood circulation; Pueraria lobata invigorates blood circulation and dispels blood stasis, strengthens the spleen and promotes yang, which is a common medicine. Yam strengthens the spleen and kidney, and helps the medicine to nourish the spleen and kidney; Hawthorn, salvia, and safflower strengthen the function of the king medicine to invigorate blood and dispel blood stasis, and they are also subordinate medicines. Rhubarb dissolves stasis under the pass, and Ze Yuan, Yin Chen, and Dandelion clear heat and dampness and dissolve turbidity, which are all adjuvants. The combination of all medicines plays a role in tonifying the kidneys and strengthening the spleen, removing stasis, clearing away heat and dampness.
Clinically, Sangge lipid-lowering pills are used for **fatty liver spleen and kidney deficiency, phlegm obstruction and blood stasis syndrome, symptoms of fatigue, sluggishness, soreness in the waist and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, heavy head and body sleepiness, chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath, numbness of limbs, dry stool, dull tongue or ecchymosis and tooth marks, thick and greasy moss, and smooth pulse.