Summary:Whether it is a new increment or a stock, China is already the world's largest producer and user of parking equipment. By the end of 2022, the number of mechanical parking spaces in China has exceeded 890,000, and the number of parking spaces has increased year by year, but the use efficiency is low, resulting in parking difficulties. In the face of this problem, the parking industry in major cities has gradually entered the stage of incremental replenishment and stock transformation. The former is to promote the construction of three-dimensional parking lots, and the latter is to promote the development of "smart parking" projects, with the help of Internet of vehicles and digital means, the existing parking industry is transformed and the efficiency of parking lot resource utilization is improved.
1. Definitions and Classification
Mechanical parking equipment is used to access and store the vehicle of machinery or mechanical equipment system, it is a set of machinery, electricity, hydraulics, instrument integration of complete sets of equipment. According to the classification of mechanical parking equipment (GB T26559 2011), mechanical parking equipment is divided into lifting and traversing class, simple lifting class, plane moving class, roadway stacking class, vertical lifting class, car special lift, horizontal circulation class, multi-layer circulation class, vertical circulation class nine categories, of which lifting and traversing mechanical parking equipment is the most mature product in the three-dimensional garage, because of its many types, strong adaptability to the site, so it is the most commonly used.
Second, industry policies
In recent years, the country has promulgated the "14th Five-Year Plan" for the development of intelligent manufacturing, which has a long-term positive impact on the development of the mechanical parking equipment industry, and organically combines the design, production, management, service and other activities of the manufacturing industry through the deep integration of a new generation of information technology and advanced manufacturing technology, so as to improve the quality, efficiency and core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. In addition, the state has also promulgated the "Outline of the Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022-2035)" to promote the electrification, networking and intelligence of vehicles, strengthen the construction of supporting facilities such as parking lots, charging piles, battery swap stations, and hydrogen refueling stations, and further accelerate the implementation of parking supply demand and intelligence. Under the dual role of policy guidance and industry exploration, the mechanical parking equipment industry has broad prospects.
Third, the development process
The development and use of mechanical parking equipment in China began in the 80s of the 20th century. China began to develop mechanical parking equipment in 1984, and built the first lifting and traversing mechanical parking garage in Beijing in 1988. During this period, enterprises developed and designed products according to customer requirements, and there were fewer types of products on the market and single technology. Since the 90s, many domestic and foreign enterprises began to be optimistic about China's parking industry, through the establishment of joint ventures, technology introduction, etc., the domestic cheap production cost and foreign mature technology combined, to participate in the competition in the parking industry. After 2003, in order to enhance their competitiveness, enterprises began to fully digest the introduced technology, and carried out transformation and innovation according to the actual use of the country, and embarked on the road of independent development. After more than ten years of rapid development, the variety satisfaction rate of China's three-dimensional parking equipment has reached about 90%, and the product localization rate has reached more than 90%, and it has the ability to export to foreign countries.
Fourth, industry barriers
1. Policy barriers
As a special equipment, the safety of mechanical parking equipment is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China has set up a special equipment quality supervision agency to implement a license system for the production, use, installation and maintenance of mechanical parking equipment. The installation and maintenance personnel of mechanical parking equipment must obtain the special operation certificate issued by the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau, and regularly participate in the review. Therefore, for the new enterprises entering the mechanical parking equipment industry, they must first obtain the relevant qualifications before they can engage in the production, sales, installation and maintenance of mechanical parking equipment, and there are certain qualification barriers in the mechanical parking equipment industry.
2. Technical barriers
Mechanical parking equipment manufacturing industry is a technology-intensive industry, mechanical parking equipment internal structure is complex, covering engineering, mechanical design and manufacturing, mechatronics, automation field, involving integrated design, power transmission, safety control and other technologies, the technical requirements for production enterprises are higher; At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the market's requirements for product safety, quality and reliability, energy conservation and environmental protection, production enterprises need to grasp the trend of industrial development, constantly develop new technologies, break through new bottlenecks, and develop new products to meet market demand, and all of this is based on deep technology and talent accumulation, for new entrants, with high technical and talent barriers.
3. Financial barriers
Mechanical parking equipment production and operation need to invest a lot of money in the early stage of the purchase of raw materials, production equipment, logistics facilities, transportation equipment and other assets, at the same time, technology research and development, marketing network, talent team, logistics system, maintenance system construction also needs to invest a lot of money, from the early investment to achieve large-scale operation takes a long time, therefore, for the new entry into the mechanical parking equipment industry enterprises, there are higher capital requirements.
4. Quality and service barriers
The main customer groups of mechanical parking equipment are real estate development enterprises, enterprises and institutions, large business centers, etc., for these customers, in addition to the product, will also take into account the pulling effect of mechanical parking equipment on its business, such as real estate development enterprises will consider improving the quality of the project; Commercial projects will consider attracting foot traffic; Hospitals, schools, etc., will consider providing more convenient services, etc. These customers will choose enterprises with high credibility and good qualifications in the industry, which makes the well-known enterprises in the industry in a favorable position, while some small and new enterprises entering the mechanical parking equipment industry are at a competitive disadvantage.
Fifth, the industrial chain
1. Analysis of the industry chain
The upstream of the mechanical parking equipment industry mainly includes steel, transmission equipment, control systems, etc., and the downstream is mainly used in commercial, real estate, scenic spots, schools and other scenarios. The impact of the upstream industry on the mechanical parking equipment industry is mainly in terms of cost, and the rise and fall of the cost of raw materials (steel smelting industry) is directly related to the change in the manufacturing cost of mechanical parking equipment products, thereby affecting the changes in mechanical parking equipment products. The manufacturing of mechanical parking equipment is the key to the entire industrial chain, and the quality of the product directly affects the experience of downstream customers using the product.
The downstream of the mechanical parking equipment industry is mainly the end user of mechanical parking equipment. With the gradual implementation of the policy, downstream customers are mainly enterprises, enterprises and large real estate, user experience and service have become the core factors, and enterprises with brand and capital advantages in the industry will further expand their own advantages. With the rapid growth of urban motor vehicle ownership, the scale of downstream customers will be expanding day by day, and the parking industry operation service industry has strong development potential.
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