Ye Ting, a famous general of the Northern Expedition, broke the soul of Black Tea Mountain, and Chai

Preface.

Strange injustices through the ages, a leaf in the south of the Yangtze River; in the same room, why the hurry.

At Yan'an Airport, leading comrades of the Communist Party of China were waiting in line for a plane flying from Chongqing to Yan'an.

At the same time, in Heicha Mountain in Xingxian County, Shanxi Province, local farmers heard a strange "thunderclap", and a plane had an accident and crashed into Heicha Mountain.

On the plane was General Ye Ting, a former famous general of the Northern Expedition and the first commander of the New Fourth Army.

Ye Ting, formerly known as Ye Weixun. On September 10, 1896, Ye Ting was born in an ordinary peasant family in Huiyang City, Guangdong Province.

When Ye Ting was 7 years old, she was sent to the primary school in the village to study, and then the teacher renamed her Ye Ting, which means "people should be upright".

After the Xinhai Revolution, Ye Ting was arrested and imprisoned for publicly cutting his braids at school and supporting the Huanghuagang Uprising.

After being released from prison, he entered the Second Preparatory School of the Army, and then entered the Baoding Military Academy.

In 1919, Ye Ting joined the National Revolutionary Army, charging ahead and fighting bravely. In 1920, in the battle of the National Revolutionary Army against the warlords of the Gui family, when facing four times the enemy's strength, he adopted the tactics of outflanking and annihilating the enemy army, thus becoming famous in the first battle.

Due to his outstanding performance in the campaign, in 1921 he took the position of battalion commander of the guard regiment of Mr. Sun Yat-sen. During this period, he met Sammi Lee, the daughter of a wealthy Macau businessman who was 11 years younger than him, and the two began to meet, know each other, and get to know each other.

In 1924, Ye Ting was sent to study at the Eastern University in Moscow. In December of the same year, he joined the Communist Party of China.

In 1925, Ye Ting returned to China to serve as the head of the Independent Regiment of the National Revolutionary Army, and married Li Xiuwen.

After the Xinhai Revolution, Beiyang ** came to power, and there were many factions, including Anhui warlords, Feng warlords, Jin warlords, etc., and the warlords of each faction divided one side and fought each other, and the people lived in misery.

In 1926, the CCP put forward a correct course of action in response to the situation of warlord chaos and developed the flame of revolution to the north, and this call was also positively responded to by the people.

Beginning in 1926, the Guangdong Nationalists played the slogan of "Down with the Great Powers and Eliminate the Warlords", the Chinese National Revolutionary Army was the main force of the Northern Expedition, and Chiang Kai-shek was the commander-in-chief of the Northern Expeditionary Army, and the vigorous Northern Expedition began.

First of all, the National Revolutionary Army crusaded against the direct warlord Wu Peifu, Wu Peifu's forces were mainly in the Lianghu and Jiangxi areas, with Ye Ting as the head of the independent regiment, and followed the commander of the 12th Division, Zhang Fakui, to participate in the Northern Expedition.

In order to deal with the Northern Expeditionary Army, Wu Peifu mobilized heavy troops to hold the Tingsi Bridge in an attempt to eliminate the living force of the Northern Expeditionary Army.

Located in Xianning City, Hubei Province, Tingsi Bridge is the gateway to the southern part of Hubei Province, and its strategic position is very important, and it is easy to defend and difficult to attack, hindering the northward advance of the Northern Expeditionary Army.

On August 26, the Northern Expeditionary Army launched an attack on the Tingsi Bridge, encountered the enemy's stubborn resistance, and when night fell, the Fourth Army led by Li Jishen and the 12th Division led by Zhang Fakui, as well as the 28th, 29th, and 36th Regiments, took advantage of the time when the enemy's defense was lax, outflanked from the path, and directly inserted into the front line of the enemy's position, launched a surprise attack on the enemy, and the enemy was caught off guard and seized many key points of the enemy by taking advantage of the situation.

In the early morning of the next day, the Northern Expeditionary Army launched a general attack on the enemy, with the 35th Regiment making a feint against the enemy and attracting the enemy's attention at the railway bridge. The Independent Regiment and the 30th Regiment led by Ye Ting also joined the attack sequence against the enemy.

The independent regiment led by Ye Ting charged forward and fought bravely. The enemy began to retreat one after another, retreating towards Xianning. Under the guidance of the local peasant army, the independent regiment crossed the rugged mountain road, detoured to Gutangjiao, and launched a fatal blow to the retreating enemy, the Beiyang Army completely collapsed, fled in a hurry, and the Northern Expeditionary Army took advantage of the situation to take the Tingsi Bridge.

The entire Battle of Tingsi Bridge took less than 23 hours from more than 10 o'clock on the morning of the 26th to 9 o'clock on the morning of the 27th.

In the Battle of Tingsi Bridge, nearly 3,000 enemies were captured and a large amount of equipment was captured. It was one of the famous battles in the Northern Expedition, and the victory at the Battle of Tingsi Bridge also accelerated the rout of the Beiyang warlords.

After the Battle of Tingsi Bridge, the Northern Expeditionary Army captured the city of Xianning, and advanced all the way to the north. In order to save the fate of his own defeat, Wu Peifu mobilized a large number of heavy troops to defend another strategic point - Hesheng Bridge, and wanted to have a decisive battle with the Northern Expeditionary Army, and Wu Peifu personally led the main force to meet the Northern Expeditionary Army.

In the early morning of August 30, the Battle of Hesheng Bridge began. Ye Ting's independent regiment charged ahead, attacked the enemy's main position in one fell swoop, and took advantage of the situation to attack Taolinpu. The fighting was fierce, and even hand-to-hand combat.

The independent regiment, due to its bravery in battle, quickly broke through the lines set by the enemy. At this time, Wu Peifu personally led the troops to outflank the position on the flank, trying to surround Ye Ting's independent regiment, which was attacked by the enemy on three sides, and it was larger.

At this time, the 28th and 36th regiments reinforced Ye Ting's independent regiment, and soon broke through the Taolinpu defense line and launched an attack on Hesheng Bridge. At the same time, the 7th Army, having occupied the key points of the front, also quickly launched an attack on the South Bridge on the east side of the Hesheng Bridge.

At this time, Wu Peifu's defeat in the frontal battle of Ye Ting's Independent Regiment, as well as the attack of many corps on the opposite side, and the killing of many regimental-level officers in a row, still could not save the defeat, causing the troops to be completely shaken, and the defeat was like a mountain, and a comprehensive rout began.

In the end, Ye Ting's independent regiment took the lead in rushing to the position where Wu Peifu's command post was located, and in desperation, Wu Peifu fled to Wuchang in a special train under the cover of the soldiers, and under the pursuit of the Northern Expeditionary Army, the enemy crossed the river and fled to Wuchang City, and the battle of Hesheng Bridge was victorious.

In the Battle of Hesheng Bridge, more than 3,500 enemies were captured. Like Tingsi Bridge, the Battle of Heshengqiao was one of the three famous battles of the Northern Expedition, laying the foundation for the Battle of Wuchang and also accelerating the rout of the Beiyang warlords.

In the two key battles of Tingsi Bridge and Hesheng Bridge, a large number of heroic soldiers emerged. The independent regiment led by Ye Ting fought bravely and charged ahead, and the Fourth Army where the independent regiment was located was also known as the "Northern Expeditionary Iron Army". General Ye Ting also became famous in the first battle and was called the "Famous General of the Northern Expedition". The Seventh Army, which participated in the Battle of Hesheng Bridge, was also known as the "Steel Seventh Army".

In 1927, the Northern Expeditionary Army won successive battles, conquered Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian and other provinces and cities, defeated the main forces of Wu Peifu, Sun Chuanfang and other warlord forces, and occupied most of China.

When the Northern Expeditionary Army was marching on the victory, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei broke up, and the Northern Expedition came to a halt. Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei successively set off the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup d'état and the "July 15" counter-revolutionary coup d'état, wantonly ** the Chinese Communists, and the revolution suffered a heavy defeat.

On August 1, 1927, Ye Ting, who was also the commander of the 24th Division, and **, the commander of the 20th Army, launched a struggle against the rule of the Kuomintang in Nanchang City.

Subsequently, Wang Jingwei called Zhang Fakui and other troops to launch an attack on Nanchang, because the enemy was outnumbered, the CCP took into account the overall situation and commanded the rebel army to withdraw from Nanchang in batches and go to Linchuan.

On December 11, 1927, Ye Ting, ** and others launched an uprising in Guangzhou, but due to the strength of the enemy's forces, they besieged Guangzhou, and after three days of bloody fighting, the revolution was defeated again.

After the failure of the Guangzhou Uprising, Ye Ting received a notice from the party organization to go to Moscow. After coming to Moscow, he wrote a report on the failure of the Guangzhou uprising based on the actual situation of the uprising in Guangzhou, and made a specific analysis of the reasons for the failure.

In the report, it was pointed out that in the Canton uprising, the enemy's forces were relatively strong and should be combined with the peasant movement, and Guangzhou was an important city, and the Kuomintang had gathered a large number of troops, and it was extremely disadvantageous to hold Canton to the death.

In June 1928, at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in Moscow, a special discussion was held on the failure of the Guangzhou Uprising, and Ye Ting's report was severely criticized. Under Wang Ming's leadership, Ye Ting was unreasonably accused.

In the face of these groundless accusations, Ye Ting felt extremely aggrieved. Now he is wanted in China, and he can't go back. He decided to go on an expedition to Europe, and he remembered the place he wanted to go to when he was young - Germany.

After the decision, Ye Ting was ready to leave the party organization and leave Moscow. In the autumn of the same year, he set foot in exile for the first time in Germany.

After leaving Germany, Ye Ting lived in exile in Germany and France. He made a living translating German articles and lived in poverty.

In 1930, he came to Berlin, met Ye Ting, and had talks with Ye Ting. During the whole conversation, it was discovered that Ye Ting had been greatly disappointed in the revolution. ** Inspire him that the purpose of our revolution is for the 40,000,000 people of China, and not only for our own emotions and selfishness.

In 1931, Japanese militarists launched the "918" incident in an attempt to occupy the entire northeast. The domestic situation is becoming more and more serious, and Ye Ting is worried, because there is too little and too little news with the mainland. The following year, he ended his exile and came to Macau to live in seclusion.

In 1933, after the "Fujian Incident", under the leadership of the patriotic general Cai Yankai, the "People's Revolution of the Republic of China" was established in Fujian, and Ye Ting came to Fuzhou to help Cai Yankai and others resist Chiang Kai-shek's "encirclement and suppression".

In 1935, when Japan's encroachment on China intensified, Hong Kong established the Chinese National Revolutionary League, with the fundamental purpose of resisting Japan. Li Jishen, Ye Ting and other patriots joined in.

In 1937, the Eighth Route Army was changed as a whole, and Chiang Kai-shek agreed to the establishment of the 3rd Division, 6th Brigade and 12th Regiment. ** led the army north to resist the Japanese, and people talked about the reorganization at that time, especially the position of army commander.

In October, Chiang Kai-shek announced the appointment of Ye Ting as the commander of the New Fourth Army, and then Ye Ting went to Yan'an and attended the welcome meeting specially held for him at Kang Da, suggesting that the New Fourth Army should be reorganized according to the deployment held by the Eighth Road, and at the same time, Xiang Ying served as the deputy commander of the New Fourth Army.

In January 1938, Ye Ting officially assumed the post of commander of the New Fourth Army and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

In 1938, the Japanese army repeatedly carried out "sweeps" against the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui, and under the command and deployment of General Ye Ting, it smashed many enemy attacks, and Chiang Kai-shek rewarded Ye Ting with a telegram. Although General Ye Ting has been **, he has always adhered to the War of Resistance behind enemy lines and adhered to the correct line proposed by the CCP.

Due to Ye Ting's temperament, he had many conflicts with Xiang Ying, who was the deputy commander, in the army and left many times. ** He also mediated many times, and in order to maintain the overall situation of resistance against Japan, he returned to the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army.

In October 1940, under the instruction of Chiang Kai-shek, Bai Chongxi and others demanded that **, Xiang Ying, Ye Ting and others lead the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army to the north of the Yellow River within a month. ** and others sternly rejected this unreasonable demand, but for the sake of the overall situation of all-out resistance against Japan, they still agreed to drive the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui to the north of the Yangtze River.

However, Chiang Kai-shek was treacherous, but sent a secret order to Gu Zhutong and Shangguan Yunxiang, ordering them to deal with the New Fourth Army.

On January 4, 1941, the New Fourth Army began to move north, and when the troops arrived in the Maolin area of Jing County, southern Anhui, they were suddenly attacked by about 80,000 people from seven divisions of the Kuomintang.

The New Fourth Army then put up a stubborn resistance, but was outnumbered. After seven days and nights of fierce fighting with the enemy, he finally ran out of ammunition and food.

Army commander Ye Ting was captured, deputy army commander Xiang Ying was killed in the process of breaking through, about 2,000 soldiers broke through the siege, a few soldiers were captured, most of the soldiers died heroically, and China's anti-Japanese strength was also seriously weakened.

On January 17, ** personally published the inscription".Strange injustices through the ages, a leaf in the south of the Yangtze River; in the same room, why the hurry. It expresses the people's strong condemnation of the civil war in the face of national righteousness.

After General Ye Ting was arrested and imprisoned by the Kuomintang reactionaries, he was tortured.

At first, he was imprisoned in a concentration camp in Shangrao, and in order to force Ye Ting to submit, the Kuomintang put him in a damp and dark cell. The straw was full of fleas and bed bugs, and Ye Ting was tortured in prison.

In order to induce Ye Ting to surrender, Shangguan Yunxiang, a classmate of his Baoding Military Academy and the maker of the Southern Anhui Incident, sent a luxury car to pick up Ye Ting to attend the banquet.

During the banquet, Shangguan Yunxiang claimed that as long as Ye Ting issued a statement admitting that the New Fourth Army had violated military orders, he could be released from prison.

Then he was strongly condemned by Ye Ting, and he was furious, saying: Shameless, you created the incident in southern Anhui, ** New Fourth Army, it should be you who confess your guilt."

Then Chiang Kai-shek personally went out to persuade Ye Ting to surrender and threatened Ye Ting, if he continued to be obsessed, he would be killed, and Ye Ting sternly refused.

Chiang Kai-shek, in desperation, imprisoned Ye Ting in the "Sino-US Cooperation Institute", and in prison, he picked up a pen and wrote the famous prison song on the wall.

The door for people to get in and out was locked, the hole for the dog to crawl out was open, and a voice shouted:

Climb out and give you freedom!

I longed for freedom, but I knew it deeply.

How can a human body crawl out of a dog's hole!

I hope that one day, the fire in the ground will burn me and this living coffin, and I should have eternal life in fire and blood!

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, under the pressure of the people of the whole country, the Kuomintang began to release Ye Ting. On March 4, 1946, Ye Ting was released from prison and freed, leaving his five-year prison career.

The day after he was released from prison, Ye Ting began to apply to the party organization, asking to be able to rejoin the party organization.

***, who was far away in Yan'an, personally approved Ye Ting's application to join the party, accepted Ye Ting, and agreed to Comrade Ye Ting's joining the party organization.

On the morning of April 7, 1946, Yan'an received a telegram from the office of the Eighth Route Army in Chongqing, which said that four comrades, Wang Ruofei, Qin Bangxian, Ye Ting, and Deng Fa, would fly from Chongqing to Yan'an on the morning of April 8.

**After learning the news that Comrade Ye Ting was about to fly to Yan'an, he immediately asked Yang Shangkun to organize relevant personnel to go to the airport to greet him in person.

On 8 April, Wang Ruofei, Qin Bangxian, Ye Ting, and Deng Fa boarded the plane as planned and flew from Chongqing to Yan'an.

At 1 o'clock in the afternoon, the leading comrades came to the airport one after another, ready to welcome the arrival of Wang Ruofei, Ye Ting, Qin Bangxian and others.

In the afternoon, a light rain suddenly fell over Yan'an, and the people who were anxiously waiting at the airport were thinking about whether the plane could arrive on time in such weather, and everyone's hearts were full of doubts.

At about two o'clock in the afternoon, the rumbling of planes was heard in the sky, and everyone couldn't wait for the planes to land.

But when the sound of the plane got closer and closer, the plane suddenly and slowly flew out of people's sight. At this moment, people are thinking that maybe the plane can't land in such weather, so it should return again.

At four o'clock in the afternoon, the crowd waiting at the airport gradually dispersed.

After the dispersal, everyone was talking about why the plane didn't land? If the plane returns, there should be news in Xi'an, and everyone doesn't dare to think about the bad side.

At five o'clock in the afternoon, a telegram came from Xi'an, and the plane did not return.

The next day, the US military plane watched the call, there was no news about the plane, the plane may be missing, and it was hoped that personnel could be organized to search near Yan'an.

After investigation, the plane on which General Ye Ting was flying took off on time on the morning of 8 April, flying from Chongqing to Xi'an, and flew directly to Yan'an after refueling in Xi'an.

After arriving in the sky over Yan'an, it happened to be rainy weather, the visibility was low, and the pilot's sense of direction was relatively weak in this weather, and he lost his way in the sky, so he flew in the direction of the Jinsui border area. In order to find a ground target, the pilot lowered the altitude of the plane, but collided with the Black Tea Mountain in a dense fog, and the plane had an accident, and no one on board was spared.

On the day of the plane crash, the villagers near Heicha Mountain heard the sound of the plane, and what they heard was the sound of the plane.

In the end, when it was learned that a plane carrying important leaders and senior generals had crashed, the village cadres immediately organized personnel to search for the remains of the martyrs and sort out the relics of the martyrs.

On April 19, leaders and people from all walks of life in Yan'an held a memorial event at Dongguan Airport, and all parts of the country also mourned the martyrs in the Black Tea Mountain air crash.

**Personally inscribed for the martyrs who died in the Black Tea Mountain air crash".Die for the people, though it is glorious to die".

Although more than 70 years have passed since the Black Tea Mountain air disaster, the blood of the martyrs has not been shed in vain, and they have inspired generations of Chinese sons and daughters to strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with their lives and blood.