Biochemical treatment technology is a method that combines biological and chemical principles in wastewater treatment, mainly through the activities of microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater. These techniques typically involve the growth of microorganisms, metabolism, and the removal of organic matter from wastewater. The following are some common biochemical treatment techniques and their equipment operation:
1.*Activated Sludge Method**:
Function**: Use microorganisms to degrade organic matter in wastewater.
Equipment Operation**: Wastewater is mixed with activated sludge containing microorganisms to provide sufficient oxygen in the aeration tank to allow microorganisms to degrade organic matter. The mixture then enters the sedimentation tank, where the microbial flocs settle down and the supernatant is discharged or further treated.
2.*Biofilm Method**:
Function**: Uses microorganisms immobilized on the carrier to degrade organic matter in wastewater.
Equipment Operation**: Wastewater flows through a fixed or moving bed filled with biofilm, on which microorganisms grow and degrade organic matter. Common biofilm systems include biofilters, bioturntables, and biocontact oxidation tanks.
3.*Anaerobic treatment**:
Function**: In the absence of oxygen, anaerobic microorganisms are used to degrade organic matter in wastewater.
Equipment Operation**: Wastewater stays in an anaerobic reactor where anaerobic microorganisms convert organic matter into gases such as methane and carbon dioxide. Common anaerobic treatment equipment includes anaerobic digesters, upflow anaerobic sludge beds (UASBs) and expanded granular sludge beds (EGSBs).
4.*Aerobic granular sludge method**:
Function**: Remove organic matter from wastewater by using the efficient degradation performance of aerobic granular sludge.
Equipment Operation**: Aerobic granular sludge is formed in a specific reactor, wastewater comes into contact with granular sludge in the reactor, and organic matter is degraded by microorganisms.
The operation of equipment for biochemical processing technology generally needs to follow the following principles:
Microbial culture and maintenance**: Ensure suitable environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, nutrients and oxygen** to promote microbial growth and activity.
Sludge Treatment & Disposal**: Residual activated sludge or biofilm is regularly discharged from the system and properly treated or disposed of.
Monitoring & Adjustment**: Monitor COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), pH value and other parameters of wastewater, and adjust equipment operating parameters according to changes in water quality and quantity of wastewater.
Safety Management**: Ensure operator safety and prevent accidents from occurring, such as preventing sludge swelling or methane gas build-up.
Biochemical treatment technology is one of the most widely used methods in wastewater treatment, especially for wastewater with high organic content. Through these technologies, organic pollutants can be effectively degraded, the biodegradability of wastewater can be improved, and conditions can be created for subsequent treatment or discharge.