Briefly understand the significance of the 4 elements in the chart: planets, constellations, houses, and phases.
Planet. 
In astrology, the planets in the astrological chart are very important, and there is a concept that says that the planets are like different shadow doppelgangers of ourselves.
According to the concept of a broad sense, planets include: 10 major planets, asteroids, quadraxis, and other imaginary points. Asteroids and some other dots are less important than the top 10 planets, and we usually don't look at them, or use them as references.
10 planets
5 inner planets: Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars.
5 outer planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.
Sun: Self-will, purpose, identity.
Moon: Emotions, emotional reactions, sense of security.
Mercury: Communication, Language, Thinking.
Venus: Love and beauty, value.
Mars: Action, motivation.
Jupiter: Luck, wisdom, faith.
Saturn: Effort, stress, belated results.
Uranus: Change, Reform, Development.
Neptune: Dreams, visions, sensitivity.
Pluto: Inheritance, Subversion, Life and Death, Rebirth.
Asteroid. 
In astrology, the asteroids that are often mentioned are: Marriage, Ceres, Vesta, Homo sapiens, and Chiron.
Marriage God: Dominates the relationship between husband and wife, the future face of marriage, and the wife.
Ceres: Nurturing, feeding, pregnancy, reproduction, motherhood.
Vesta: Where and how to dedicate oneself, where the most energy is put in, and where regular rest is needed.
Homo sapiens: intellectual education, problem-solving skills, feminism.
Chron: Troubled questions, pains.
Four-axis. 
The four axes refer to:Ascent, Descent, Midheaven Zenith, Lower Midheaven Nadir。The influence of the four axes in the astrolabe is very important, and the house, constellation, and aspect in which it is located are all important.
Ascent : ASC indicates the beginning of the first house, representing the self, character formation, and body.
Descent: DSC means (some write DES), the beginning of the seventh house, which represents one-on-one relationships, the other person in the relationship, and the partner.
Zhongtian: MC says that the starting point of the tenth house represents career, ideals, ambitions, and social status.
Xia Zhongtian: ic indicates that the starting point of the fourth house represents the family, the place where the roots can be traced.
They form the cross that life carries: self, relationships, career, family.
The four axes are actually imaginary points, because they are more important and commonly used to look at astrolabes, so they are brought out separately.
Other dots. Other dots are:North Node, South Node, Blessing, Lilith, Fate
North Node: Represents a person's future tasks.
South Node: Represents a person's experience accumulated in past lives or completed projects.
Lucky point: Lucky point, a place that symbolizes a person's luck.
Lilith: The Dark Moon represents the indelible stubbornness in a person's heart (symbols in Figure 2 above).
Fateful point: represents the attitude towards life that a person has evolved on the path to maturity (symbols in Figure 2 above).
12 zodiac signs.
The 12 zodiac signs symbolize the psychological dimension, reflecting the way a person's behavior manifests. When a person is born, the planets fall into the position of the ecliptic, reflecting their innate character and talents.
The 12 zodiac constellations are, in order:
Aries: Frankness, impatience, ego.
Taurus: Stability, stubbornness, materiality.
Gemini: Flexibility, information, communication.
Cancer: Motherhood, protection, security.
Leo: domineering, centered, recognized.
**Seats: Exquisite, organized, detailed.
Libra: Fairness, courtesy, trade-offs.
Scorpio: Vengeance, profundity, insight.
Sagittarius: Freedom, optimism, travel.
Capricorn: rigorous, tenacious and professional.
Aquarius: Independent, unique, innovative.
Pisces: Dreamy, fragile, healing.
12 houses.
The 12 signs of the zodiac and the 12 signs of the zodiac are actually synonymous with the cosmic orientation, and the 12 houses represent 12 different areas of life, life scenes or life levels in life, and are the corresponding symbols of people and the environment.
The 12 zodiac signs are the relationship between the sun and the earth, that is, the relationship between man and the sky, so the 12 houses are closer to real life and are the relationship between people and the earth. Heaven, earth and man are connected.
The 12 houses are based on four axes, dividing the zodiac into 12 zones representing the different spheres of life in the 12 worldliness.
1st house:Self Palace, appearance, temperament, character.
2nd house:Palace of Fortune, money, material, ability.
3rd house:Palace of Learning, education, communication, excursions.
4th house:Family Palace, family, country, history, security.
5th house:Entertainment Palace, play, innovation, children.
6th house:Servant Palace, work, service, health.
7th house:Conjugal Palace, Partner, Marriage, Relationship.
8th house:Palace of Ill Fortune, common finances, life and death, darkness.
9th house:Palace of Migration, higher education, overseas, long-distance travel.
10th house:Career Palace, public image, social status, achievements.
11th house:Forde Palace, friends, circles, the public.
12th house:Mystery Palace, secret, subconscious, villain.
Phase.
Aspects refer to the special angles formed between the planets, and these angles are formed when the two planets have some special interactions.
There are 5 main types of common phases:0° conjunction, 60° sextile, 90° quarter, 120° tripart, 180° split。I don't look at the others.
0° Conjunction: Fusion, the fusion of the abilities of the two stars.
60° sextile : Chance, combining two star abilities can have good abilities.
90° quadrangle: the ability to adjust the phase, adjust, and constantly adjust.
120° trine: Talent aspect, talent ability can be found.
180° Phase: Hedging, Balance.
Through the phases, we can see the state of coordination between the different abilities on the chart, as well as the relationship between the two domains.
We can think of our own life as a script, life is like a play, then:The planets are the actors, the constellations are the characters, the houses are the stage, and the aspects are the complex relationships between the actors, the phase is responsible for filling the script with flesh.