According to the latest data from the World Health Organization, there are 2.26 million new cases of breast cancer in the world, of which about 420,000 new breast cancer patients are added in China every year, and in recent years, the incidence rate has increased by 3% to 4% per yearBreast cancer has become the number one killer of women's health.
At the same time, clinical data show that the "five-year survival rate" of breast cancer can reach more than 90%-95%, which shows that many early-stage breast cancers can be ***. However, the "five-year survival rate" of stage 6 breast cancer is only about 30%. That is to say, the earlier it is discovered, the higher the ** rate. The early detection of breast cancer is inseparable from the examination work, so from now on, do a good job of breast examination, so as to achieve early detection, early prevention, and early prevention.
no.1
Self-examination
Regular self-examination is the most direct and easiest way to detect breast cancer early, but before doing self-examination, it is necessary to understand the symptoms of breast cancer in the early stageTake a seat and find the problem
At the same time, we should pay attention to the ways and means of self-examination, and there is a set of more standardized and specific measures for breast cancer self-examination, which can be used to do a correct self-examination.
step1
To stand in front of a mirror and raise your hands above your head, to see if your breasts look normal.
step2
Touch examination, carpet touch of the breast, whether there is lymphadenopathy, hard lumps, etc.
step3
* Examination, palpation takes a circular approach, extending from the nipple outward to the armpit.
step4
Lie down on your back for examination, lie down on your back, and feel your breasts to see if there are hard lumps, swollen lymph nodes, etc.
step5
Nipple examination, gently pinch the nipple, press under the nipple for hard lumps, secretions.
Note
Meaning
Find a well-lit, warm, and private place on days 7-14 after menstruation and follow the steps above for a self-test, preferably once a month.
no.2
Regular hospital screenings
Regular breast cancer imaging examinations are also an important part of early screening, and common examination methods include breast ultrasound, mammography, and breast MRI.
Breast ultrasound
Breast ultrasound, also known as color ultrasound, is the first step for many women to undergo breast examination, color ultrasound can clearly show whether there is hyperplasia of the breast, whether there are nodules, etc., and can also judge the possibility of benign and malignant according to the morphology, echo and blood flow of the nodules. At the same time, color ultrasound, as one of the preferred examinations for early screening, has the advantages of non-invasive, convenient and radiation-freeIt is recommended that 25-year-old women < be screened according to their own conditions, and > 25-year-old women should have a color ultrasound examination about half a year to always pay attention to the breast condition.
Mammography
Based on the judgment of color ultrasound, if there are other manifestations in the breast that are not clearly observed, you can choose a mammography for re-examination under the advice of the doctorMammography can detect asymmetrical density, suspicious calcification, and radial aggregation. However, mammography also has certain limitations, and the sensitivity of the examination of dense mammary glands has decreased, and the accuracy of the examination will also decrease, so it is recommended for women over 40 years of age to undergo mammography.
It is usually recommended that women over 40 years old can have a mammography examination, and for high-risk groups of breast cancer, it is recommended to start mammography at the age of 30, and at the same time, the dense breast and ultrasound are combined.
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more sensitive than ultrasound and mammography and can clearly show the extent of tumor involvementIt is used to assess the nature of the lesion and determine the extent of the lesion. However, compared with ultrasound and mammography, MRI is more expensive and more complicated to examine, and is generally suitable for mammography and ultrasound that cannot confirm the diagnosis, exclude multiple or multicenter lesions before breast conservation, evaluate whether the tumor accumulates pectoral muscles, evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, follow-up after reconstruction, and screening of high-risk groups.
Pathological examination
Pathological examination is the gold standard for confirming breast cancer, needle biopsy can be performed for pathology or surgery to remove the tumor for pathological examination. Needle biopsy is aimed at women with high suspicion of malignancy to directly obtain highly suspected lesion tissues through puncture, clarify the diagnosis of benign and evil, and guide the next stepSurgical excision for pathology can directly remove the breast mass for pathological examination, make benign and malignant judgments, and guide the next step.
Whatever the case may be, we should pay close attention to the health of our breasts and have regular breast self-examinations. If you notice changes in your breasts, don't let up and don't worry too much, go to the hospital as soon as possible to find out the situation.