[Bright Forum].
Authors: Li Junkai and Xie Jing (special researcher of Beijing Research Center for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era, director of the International and Regional Cooperation Center of the Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, and assistant researcher of the International and Regional Cooperation Center of the Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, respectively).
The first economic work conference held a few days ago set the tone for the economic work in 2024, listed "leading the construction of a modern industrial system with scientific and technological innovation" as the first of the nine key tasks, and emphasized strengthening the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation. Enterprises are the main body of the industry, the main body of the market and the main body of innovation, and strengthening the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation is a key measure to deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system and promote the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance.
Establish a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body. Strengthening the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation is conducive to promoting the deep integration of innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain, and accelerating the industrialization process of scientific and technological achievements. Establishing and improving the technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body can make innovation activities close to the production line and make innovation achievements face market demand. From the perspective of innovation-driven strategy, through the improvement of the decision-making and consultation mechanism, a mechanism for enterprises to participate in the national science and technology strategic decision-making on a regular basis is established, and enterprises are guided to carry out research and development around major national strategic deployments. At the same time, establish a normalized consultation system for entrepreneurs' scientific and technological innovation, organize regular communication and exchanges, improve the resource allocation mechanism, and promote enterprises to become the main body of R&D investment. On the one hand, we should vigorously and orderly promote the system of "unveiling the leader" and promote more scientific research tasks to be undertaken by enterprisesOn the other hand, we will improve preferential policies such as pre-tax deduction of R&D expenses, strengthen incentives for R&D investment, and promote more R&D investment to be contributed by enterprises. In addition, through the construction of a gradient cultivation system for science and technology enterprises, we will promote the integration and development of large and medium-sized enterprises. The first is to establish and improve the gradient cultivation system of "technology-based small, medium, and micro enterprises, technology-based backbone enterprises, science and technology leading enterprises, and world-class enterprises", and accelerate the cultivation of high-quality enterprises such as unicorn enterprises and specialized and special new enterprisesThe second is to optimize the positioning and layout of leading enterprises in science and technology, promote enterprises to consciously fulfill the mission of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance, and take the initiative to undertake major national scientific and technological tasks and key core technology researchThe third is to give full play to the leading and supporting role of science and technology backbone enterprises, and improve the resource, technology and financial support capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises and colleges and universitiesFourth, we should make use of the flexible and adaptable characteristics of small and medium-sized technology-based enterprises, increase investment in innovation aimed at their respective subdivisions, and look forward to the layout of future industries.
Improve the enterprise-led scientific research organization model. To break through bottlenecks and solve deep-seated contradictions and problems, the key is to rely on the power of scientific and technological innovation and continuously promote the modernization of the scientific and technological governance system and governance capacity. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the first-class system layout with Comrade Xian as the core has promoted the reform of the scientific and technological system as a whole, broken down institutional obstacles, broken through institutional obstructions, and launched policy innovations to provide support for high-quality development. By actively exploring the new paradigm of industry-university-research integration, we will shift from the industry-university-research cooperation paradigm led by universities and institutes to the enterprise-led, and open up the channel from strong science and technology to strong industry, strong economy and strong country. At the same time, we will build a key technology research project group in the industrial chain with leading enterprises as the traction and extensive participation of universities and institutes, and overcome a number of key core technologies. Through the establishment of industrial technology alliances, we will support enterprises to participate in the construction of major innovation scenarios in advance, promote collaborative innovation between enterprises and universities and institutes, and promote the effective docking of achievement supply and industrial demand. In terms of personnel training, we will improve the talent cultivation, evaluation and flow mechanism with enterprises as the main body. Through the introduction of enterprises into the school, the combination of industry and education, etc., the construction of a job type-based, ability-based standards-oriented evaluation mechanism and talent flow mechanism for scientific and technological talents, to achieve the best use of talents, make the best use of talents, make good use of "cross-border talents", and break the "innovation island".
Improve the service guarantee mechanism with the enterprise as the core. To strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, it is also necessary to strengthen first-class guidance and give full play to the role of policy support and service guarantee. On the one hand, we should study and formulate fiscal, tax and financial support policies for the deep integration of industry, university and research led by enterprises, so as to leverage enterprise innovation and industrial upgrading with policy dividends. Through the combination of financial subsidies and tax incentives, optimize the capital investment structure and improve the efficiency of capital allocationGive the first (set) of major technical equipment and the first batch of new materials insurance compensation and financial incentives to reduce the innovation risk loss of enterprises and alleviate the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprisesPromote institutional innovation on the Growth Enterprise Market and the Science and Technology Innovation Board, guide more resources to gather in the field of scientific and technological innovation, and promote the convergence of the financing chain of the whole life cycle of science and technology enterprises. On the other hand, improve the institutional system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and open up the "last mile" of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. By improving the laws and regulations on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, we will break down the policy obstacles such as the use, disposal and right to benefit of scientific and technological achievements, and promote enterprises to do a good job in the evaluation of scientific and technological achievements and the selection of transformation methodsExpand the financing channels for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and reduce the financing costs for the transformation of enterprise achievements by setting up guidance for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, risk compensation funds for loans for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and risk compensation for intellectual property pledge financingContinuously improve the intellectual property protection system, effectively protect the scientific and technological innovation achievements of enterprises, and escort the improvement of the quality and efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the kinetic energy of the transformation of enterprise achievements.