Text: Zheng Xueliang.
No matter how hard you can't suffer children, no matter how poor you can't be poor education", this is probably a very loud slogan in the decade of the last century, because the education investment is large, the cycle is long, the need for society, family attention and financial support, education is a "money-burning" industry, especially after the development of education as industrialization, the cost of education is a family expenditure focus, there was a period of time, people called education, medical care, housing expenditure called the new "three mountains", has become an unbearable burden for ordinary families.
In the sixties and seventies of the last century, the rural areas implemented the collectivization system of people's communes, and in terms of economic and material foundation, it can be said that they were poor and white, and in some film and television works, in that era, people did not have enough to eat and wear warm clothes, so the question is, in that era of backward development and poverty, can the children of the rural production team afford to go to school?
Born in the mid-to-late sixties of the last century, enrolled in 74 years, 5 years of primary school (at that time 5 years) and 2 years of junior high school, was spent in the era of the production team, today recall, although the conditions were difficult at that time, but we still have to be happy, to be grateful, so that the vast majority of our group of people, received a relatively complete school education.
In the era of the production team in the sixties and seventies, rural children began to be free-range almost from the time they could walk, or taken care of by their grandparents, or taken by their brothers and sisters, taking nature as a paradise, innocent and carefree, at that time there were no kindergartens and preschool classes in the countryside, and there was no pre-school education, let alone any early education and early reading classes, so it was good, at least there was no need for a large amount of pre-school education.
At that time, rural children generally started school at the age of seven. In my memory, rural children have just started school, and society and families are very calm about it. At that time, there was no freedom and leeway to choose a school, so I could only go to the primary school in my village (brigade) to study, and I didn't need to worry about the household registration, identity book and other supporting materials, and I didn't need an adult to accompany me to sign upWhat's the name?How old is it?What is my father's last name?OK, the registration process is complete, it is very simple and simple.
Of course, you need to pay tuition fees to go to school. China's nine-year compulsory education began in 86, and in 86 years I took the college entrance examination, and the political exam question had a question about current affairs of compulsory education, so I still remember it deeply. In the 70s, there was no such thing as compulsory education, and tuition fees had to be paid out of pocket, but I believe that although the 70s were not compulsory education, the tuition and miscellaneous fees for going to school in the rural areas at that time felt that they were cheaper and more affordable than at any stage of compulsory education.
First of all, the base is low. For grades 1 to 5 of elementary school, the tuition and fees for each term are 18 yuan, has not changed, although the income of farmers at that time was low, that area, the economic conditions are better, relatively wealthy, in the mid-to-late seventies, when the score of a working day (10 division of labor) was 06-0About 8 yuan, that is to say, a strong farmer member, three days of income can be used for a child's tuition for a semester, from this point of view, it is indeed not high, most families can afford it.
Secondly, and more importantly, the tuition fee at that time was paid in full at that time, what does it mean, that is, only once when going to school, including all the tuition and miscellaneous fees for a semester, in the middle, parents and students will not have another expenditure, which is precisely the implementation of compulsory education can not compare. In the compulsory education stage, although the tuition fee is less or free, what people criticize and worry about is that the miscellaneous expenses are rubbing to the **, what second classroom fees, teaching auxiliary materials, school uniform fees, instrument fees, Water fees, etc., and even not long ago, a school in a certain place actually charged 200 yuan for students to lie on the table and take a morning break, which is really unheard of, and these miscellaneous expenses add up, making people feel that the fees are higher than before the implementation of compulsory education, and have become a heavy burden on ordinary families, and for a period of time, it has become one of the main reasons for students from poor families to drop out of school.
Rural production teams, of course, also have poor families, and may not be able to pay the tuition fees of one yuan or two yuan, will they drop out of school because of this?The experience and observation have come to the conclusion that there are very few cases of dropping out of school because they cannot pay the tuition fees, and some rural members are indeed very poor, and there are situations where they cannot pay the tuition fees when the school starts, because the primary schools are run by the brigade, and they are all natives of the village, and the schools and teachers will generally let them go to school first, and the tuition fees are in arrears, and they will pay them at the end of the year or halfway, reflecting the humane side of the time.
This low level of tuition expenditure was a reflection of the concept of thrift and thrift at that time, which ensured that the children of the vast majority of rural members could receive the most basic education under the background of backward economic conditions at that time.
At that time, there were generally many children in rural communities, and ordinary families had more than three or four students who went to school, but because the tuition fees were low, they would not become too much of a burden on the family.
The production team has a member surnamed He, the hostess died early due to illness, leaving 5 children, including 1 junior high school student, 3 primary school students, 1 young child, the whole family of 6 people only rely on the male owner to participate in collective labor, in terms of family economic conditions, is the poorest in the team. But this member surnamed He has a vision, no matter how hard it is, even if he can't eat, he has to let the children study, how can the tuition of a few children come from, every summer vacation, a few children go out early and return late, go to the woods, the grass to pick up the shell, a holiday down, pick up the shell income of ten yuan, fully meet the tuition of a junior high school student, three primary school students, relying on such self-motivation, 4 of the 5 children were later admitted to the college, jumped out of the farm, and became a good story of the whole village (brigade). If there are four or five children in the family and the economic conditions are poor, will they be able to afford to read?
Therefore, in the era of the rural production team during the period of people's communization, although the social development was backward, the economic conditions were poor, and the people lived poorly, but based on the purpose and foundation of education at that time, the basic schooling of rural children was still guaranteed, of course, the premise was that parents were willing to let their children receive education, in that difficult era, laid a solid foundation for the children's learning and growth, knowledge changed their fate, and they also became the first batch of rural students admitted to colleges and technical colleges after the resumption of the college entrance examination, and changed their lives and even the fate of their families with their own efforts, and also became the backbone and backbone of all walks of life and industries。