After the fourth month of the lunar calendar, as the temperature rises sharply, Lu Zilin often runs freely in the village. His home was a large compound with three sons and a daughter. The Kaga clan imprisoned him in a firewood room for up to half a year.
Every morning he got up and shouted that he was going to herd the sheep, and then he shouted that he wanted to go home, and he would not come back until it was cold. Whenever night fell, he would cry and sing loudly. After the arrival of winter, on the night of the first cold wave of Bailuyuan, his screams could still be heard in the first half, but in the second half it became silent.
After another cold snap hit him overnight, and he cried so much that he couldn't even sleep. As the day began to get brighter, his female companion Lu He realized that his body had become stiff, and the urine in the cotton pants he had just put on had turned into yellow wax and waxy ice.
The work "White Deer Plain" is drawn against the background of Lu Zilin's tragic death. At the beginning of his creation, he realized that life itself is a history, and it is neither a closed system, nor a fixed form and pattern.
Chen Zhongzhong, as an outstanding representative of root-seeking literature, focuses his attention on an ordinary peasant group in a large historical context. These farmers are not only the original inheritors of thousands of years of agricultural civilization, but also important carriers of land and life inheritance.
The Guanzhong Plain is not only the birthplace of Zhou and Qin culture, but also the vitality of this group of people in the great waves of history is undoubtedly a true portrayal of history.
This ** is based on the life experience of three generations of the Bai family and the Lu family, and describes the living conditions of the residents of the land of Bailu Yuan after experiencing several social upheavals and changes. Rural societies, especially those that adhere to the traditional Confucian cultural system, encounter confusion and opportunities in the face of new currents of thought.
The ancestors of the Bai family and the Lu family were originally the same family. After the separation, the patriarch of the Bai family inherited the position of patriarch, and each generation of heirs of the two families regarded each other as rivals.
Bai Jiaxuan and Lu Zilin are both representatives of the image of the peasant, and their advantages and disadvantages coexist. They not only inherited Bai Jiaxuan's tradition of integrity and benevolence, but also showed Lu Zilin's wit, sophistication and fear of death.
In the context of the changes of the times, two different mental states have experienced highs and lows respectively, and Wang Qi is constantly changing and changing. In the end, Bai Jiaxuan's straight waist pole was bent and lost an eye, showing the appearance of an old dog.
His life was spent in the "Cultural Revolution". Lu Zilin was defeated by the unavoidable times throughout his life, and his mental state gradually deteriorated, turning into a soulless body, and died in the cold night due to the harsh environment.
At the moment when Lu Zilin was about to lose his mind, he sighed deep in his heart: "Grandpa Tian, the Bai family is still invincible to the Lu family!.""I'm an ordinary and great person. "Before the end of his soul's life, all he saw was the difference between the two families, and his heart was filled with confusion about life and disappointment about the future.
In fact, after experiencing earth-shaking changes in their short lives, Lu Zilin has no real winner. On the contrary, when he loses his mind, he is no longer bound by life, but is looking around for opportunities and support every day. He threw a sheep into a pond one night. He lay on the ground, dug out a piece of dirt and nibbled on the goat's grandmother, and then happily and innocently shared it with Bai Jiaxuan, saying, "We are good."
In the lives of Bai Jiaxuan and Lu Zilin, what we observe is not only the difference between "good" and "bad", "good" and "evil", but also the survival philosophy of farmers for thousands of years, their passive acceptance when they are oppressed by the times, and this attitude of acceptance, patience and even harm is their tenacious way of survival and reproduction.
If we ignore the background of the times and family inheritance, why did Lu Zilin, a smart, strategic, and amorous person all his life, end up suffering such a tragic fate?How was his life distorted and deformed?You can follow me into the world of this flawed but extremely real and relevant little man, and delve into his life journey.
His character was profoundly influenced by his family history:
Bai Jiaxuan's family motto is written by Mr. Zhu, a great Confucian in Guanzhong, "Cultivating and Reading Heirlooms". In addition to the poppy he planted when he married Xiancao, Bai Jiaxuan also strictly followed the Confucian cultural standards for "gentlemen", including self-cultivation, Qi family, and discipline, and he had a complete set of life guidelines. He very strictly chose his eldest son Bai Xiaowen as the successor of the patriarch, hoping that he could become the ** person of "Bai Jiaxuan".
Lu Zilin's family teachings reflect the utilitarian concept of Confucian culture - to become a leader in society through reading.
The teachings of this family originated from the fact that Lu Zilin's old lady Lu Ma Spoon was insulted by the stove head known as "the good of Longyang" when he went to the city to learn Xi cooking. After the old lady became famous, he warned his descendants not to serve others anymore, but to enter the upper echelons of society and become people of status by studying and taking the imperial examinations, so as to get rid of the fate of the bottom of society.
Although the Lu family has passed on the old lady's last wish for generations, they have not questioned this ancestral teaching: the reason why the old lady is oppressed by the little people with "power" is because of the unfairness of power. If his descendants are to be treated fairly, the injustice of power must be eliminated at the source. However, this injustice is relative, and we should avoid inheriting this injustice.
In the process of pursuing power, Lu Zilin should not focus on the idea of "being served", and this way of thinking also limited his life, and he failed to get rid of the thinking height set for him by the role of a peasant.
The old lady compared herself to a goujian who tasted courage and rearranged her life experience. However, in this world, there is not a single impermeable wall, and the truth spreads quietly in his homeland, and it lasts for a long time.
This feeling of shame inevitably reaches the ears of the next generation and has a profound effect on them: they know full well that everything they have is obtained at the cost of the shame of their ancestors, which makes them feel deeply ashamed and unworthy, which in turn produces an inferiority complex and a victim mentality.
After Lu Zilin became the "Township Covenant", how did he fulfill the duties entrusted to him by his superior, Tian Fuxian, such as collecting grain, recruiting strong men and making donations?When he found information that might have a bad impact on Heiwa, he used this as a coercion and forcibly occupied Tian Xiao'e;They also use their position to the advantage, build deep relationships with many old friends, and regard the children they give birth to as their godsons, as a "protective umbrella" for them to avoid.
At this moment, Lu Zilin seems to have become a replica of the stove that once insulted his old lady. He is both a "victim" and a "perpetrator".The concepts of "victim" and "perpetrator" both changed at this time. He underwent a transformation from a "victim" to a "**", and although he received temporary spiritual comfort by retaliatory means, he was not freed from the shackles of his ancestors, which laid a hidden danger for his future tragic fate.
According to Bai Jiaxuan's analysis and summary, he believes: "In the Bailu family, the Lu family has a deep-rooted weakness, that is, the family style is not correct and the teaching of children is not strict. The roots of this weakness can be traced back to the old Spoon Cook, who relied on the originator of the Shiri, and his fundamental problems were poor health and extremely low level of cultivation. ”
Subsequently, when Lu Zilin was picking up the three babies of Xiaochanggong, there were some behaviors that were incomprehensible to ordinary people. He asked Xiao Changgong to scold him and beat him to pee on him, which made Lu Zilin feel the humiliation of his ancestors, and although he cried, he also felt very happy.
Lu Zilin didn't realize that in his subconscious, he saw the shadow of the old lady in this third baby, who had a similar fate to the old lady and was also groveling. He longs for Xiao Changgong Sanwa to become an equal and dignified person, but in fact, deep down, he is trying to correct the old lady's mistakes, and hopes that the old lady can stand up bravely and resist when he was bullied in the past.
Competitive Happiness".
Psychologist Roy Martina divides happiness into three different levels:
The first level is happiness in competition, which requires comparison with others, and only when you win will you feel happy;
The second level provides a conditional pleasure experience that can be achieved without competing with others, as long as one's own requirements are met;
The third layer represents unconditional happiness, that is, people can feel happy without relying on external conditions.
In many cases, Lu Zilin is standing on the first floor, and he sees Bai Jiaxuan as his main competitor. He believes that he is a well-educated and self-contained person who should be better than others. Pak Ka Hin is regarded as "the child of other families".
He is a typical Confucian, and under the traditional Confucian thought, his behavior and speech are very particular about etiquette norms and etiquette. Bai Jiaxuan was always very considerate when dealing with people, and he consciously followed all the guidelines of Confucian philosophy about the gentleman, so he was universally praised by his clansmen.
However, for those who know that they have flaws or dark sides on their hearts, it is a very painful thing to get along with a wonderful person like Bai Jiaxuan who shines everywhere.
Heiwa has a strong dislike for Bai Jiaxuan, and he has repeatedly criticized Bai Jiaxuan's "waist pole is too straight", and even does not hesitate to let people break his waist;Bai Xiaowen has always shown great respect and respect for his father, but after a chance mistake, he was coldly kicked out of the house by Bai Jiaxuan, causing him to fall into a state of despair and self-abandonment for a whileWhat's more, Lu Zilin, who regarded him as a competitor, felt an insurmountable frustration on the mental level.
In his young days, Lu Zilin's cooperation with Bai Jiaxuan brought many benefits to Bailu Village, but Lu Zilin believed that Bai Jiaxuan, as the patriarch, and himself as a partner, should not be blamed for his merits and demerits. After Lu Zilin signed a township contract with Bai Jiaxuan, he thought that he could surpass him, but Bai Jiaxuan was very uncooperative in the workplace.
Bai Jiaxuan has stood up to support farmers many times in solving the problem of grain requisition, and even took the initiative to stand up and initiate actionThey showed resoluteness, boldness, and decisiveness in their struggle against the landlords, and conducted ideological and political education for the peasants. Tian Fuxian punished Bai Jiaxuan, the "agricultural cooperative" who had lost power, and Bai Jiaxuan bravely stood up and provided them with a lot of protection. Bai Jiaxuan's actions not only enhanced his reputation among the public, but also made Lu Zilin feel deep pain in his heart.
The reason why Lu Zilin took action was because after Bai Jiaxuan punished Goudan and Tian Xiao'e, judging from Goudan's unilateral harassment of Tian Xiao'e, Tian Xiao'e should not have been punished, but Bai Jiaxuan knew the relationship between Lu Zilin and Tian Xiao'e, so Tian Xiao'e was beaten to teach Lu Zilin a lesson. Despite this, Lu Zilin did not reflect deeply on himself, which led to his enmity with Bai Jiaxuan in his heart.
However, Bai Jiaxuan himself is almost indestructible, and Lu Zilin has no choice but to secretly take action against his family. Lu Zilin successfully won over Bai Jiaxuan's eldest son Bai Xiaowen, who was not yet fully determined, which brought huge psychological pressure to Bai Jiaxuan. When Bai Xiaowen's family was in trouble after they separated, Lu Zilin took the opportunity to buy his land and used it to demolish his own house.
Although Bai Jiaxuan experienced a series of setbacks, these setbacks did not cause him to collapse completely. He always bounced back and became more resilient after a period of failure, which made Lu Zilin feel helpless.
Restricted by traditional culture.
In the context of traditional Chinese culture, there are many outdated concepts that should be eliminated by the times, such as the concept of "the life of the parents, the words of the matchmaker" and the "three outlines and five constants". Lu Zilin and his eldest son, Lu Zhaopeng, are unwilling to compromise due to differences in the concept of marriage, which leads to Mr. Leng's eldest daughter becoming a victim of their father-son relationship.
Once, when Lu Zilin came home drunk, his daughter-in-law Lu Lengshi opened the door for him, and Lu Zilin mistakenly thought that he was his wife in a drunken state, thus flirting with him frivolously. Initially, Lu Zilin only had to apologize to the younger generation when he was sober the next day to resolve the misunderstanding in the family.
But because the patriarchal position in the traditional concept is indestructible, it is difficult for the elders to admit their mistakes in front of the younger generation. In order to make himself an irresponsible party, Lu Zilin constantly blamed his daughter-in-law for these mistakes.
A simple daughter-in-law is no match for the shrewd Lu Zilin, who was eventually forced into a nervous breakdown by Lu Zilin and was eventually killed by her biological father, Mr. Leng, with poison. At the last moment, her mother was also killed by her own sister because she was worried about her son. Although Lu Zilin always behaved calmly in this process, he was destined to suffer from his conscience for a long time.
Due to the identity of his eldest son, Lu Zhaopeng, Lu Zilin was imprisoned, which had a profound impact on his way of thinking. While serving his sentence, he discovered that there were many people in prison who liked money, so he decided to donate all the money to help those in need in society. After his release from prison, he no longer valued money, land, and family possessions as the most valuable, but more on human values.
On the surface, it seemed possible that everything would start again, but fate showed no mercy to his men. Bai Xiaowen, who was once used by him as a pawn against Bai Jiaxuan, took advantage of the opportunity to become the magistrate of Bai County, while Lu Zilin and others, who were once domineering in the countryside, became prisoners and faced public criticism from people.
Offstage, popular discontent was running high, and they insisted on the execution of the three superiors and Heiwa. In the process of executing the execution, Lu Zilin was so frightened that he had a nervous breakdown and eventually lost his mind. "I died to let everyone know who I am!In his view, what he and Tian Fuxian did was essentially the same, and since Tian Fuxian was doomed, it was difficult for him to avoid the same fate himself.
Lu Zilin exhibits many universal human traits, such as the fear of death, the pursuit of wealth and beauty, and the desire for victory. In a given historical context, the moral concept of society has been constantly expanded by repeated confusion and the lack of universal values, which has led to a gradual decline in the pursuit of these values. Although his life was full of brilliance, he did not get a perfect ending in his later years.
In a chaotic situation, everyone has the opportunity to become an existence like Lu Zilin, not only to face their own shortcomings, but also to face human nature. In him, he embodies a deep understanding and perception of human nature. From this humble figure, I drew several deep thoughts:
First of all, we should be free to decide how we live. Although predecessors set some rules for the well-being of future generations, their decisions are often limited by their own experience and may not always be objective and comprehensive.
In this regard, Lu Zilin's two sons have already achieved it. On the contrary, he raised the children to be thoughtful, well-behaved, and responsible. Of course, all this is thanks to Lu Zilin. He did not insist on letting his children read dead books like Bai Jiaxuan, but let Lu Zhaopeng and Lu Zhaohai take responsibility and work hard for pursuing their dreams and choices, and for their dreams. This is one of the many advantages that Lu Zilin has.
Second, if Lu Zilin can realize that Bai Jiaxuan has surpassed him in some areas, then he can let go of most of his plans. Next, by constantly improving one's spiritual cultivation, one can reach a higher level.
The second and third levels of happiness.
3. In real life, there are also those who are deeply trapped in "competitive happiness", such as the "poisoning case" that occurred at Fudan University a few years ago. In their mindset, if someone else is better than them, it will put them in pain, unable to solve the problem, and will only "solve" the person who caused the problem, and eventually pay a heavy price for it.
Therefore, we must break out of this mindset and understand that no matter how good we are, there will always be people in this world who are better than ourselves, not just the best, and that everyone's life is unique.
Fourth, when you yourself are in an advantageous position, you should have a tolerant attitude towards everyone who is at a disadvantage. Fifth, when you are in a weak position, you must learn to respect others. Only in this way, when you are in a disadvantageous position, can you ensure that you have a clear conscience, which also reflects the value of justice.
Because only in this case will others respect you. If among those who were once oppressed, there is one who gains power and surpasses himself, and he does not forgive himself, then this is the end for him. Therefore, the fate of that stove is the same as that of Lu Zilin.
Please mention it at the end of the article.
Through "One Hundred Years of Solitude", we can feel the deep respect that "White Deer Plain" has for García Márquez. After losing his two sons, Lu Zilin met the women who had been so glamorous that they had left him the blood of the Lu family, and he decided to adopt these children and sit with them at the four tables.
This setting is very similar to the situation in which Aureliano gave birth to a dozen children during the march. Lu Zilin was held tightly to a large tree by his wife after a mental disorder, showing delirium that could not control himself, which was similar to that of José Alcatio Buendía, the founder of Macondo.
One Hundred Years of Solitude shows the true face of Latin American society in the context of anti-colonial wars, and White Deer Plain is also a grand work full of historical ambitions. They all have a grand narrative structure and the revelation of human nature as their main content. Only by understanding this in depth can we transcend the limitations of the characters' experiences and gain insight into the deep meaning of this ** from a macro perspective!