High-level opening up is an important embodiment of the vivid practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, the only way to achieve strong country building and national rejuvenation, the meaning of promoting a new type of global governance reform, and a key move that conforms to the interests of the Chinese people and the well-being of the global people. Since the beginning of the new era, China has made steady progress in comprehensively deepening reform, high-level opening-up is in the ascendant, and the path of Chinese-style modernization is getting broader and broader. **The general secretary pointed out: "China's opening up to the outside world is not to sing a one-man show, but to welcome all parties to participate;It is not to seek spheres of influence, but to support the common development of all countries;It is not to create one's own back garden, but to build a hundred gardens shared by all countries. This clearly demonstrates China's confidence and determination to unswervingly follow a new path of win-win cooperation in accelerating the process of Chinese-style modernization.
Development as the premise: High-level opening-up has enriched the value of China's modern development path
The successful promotion and expansion of Chinese-style modernization lies in always upholding the party's leadership, in always integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with the reality of the country, and in always respecting and stimulating the initiative of hundreds of millions of people. Chinese modernization creatively combines socialism and modernization, breaks through the logic of a single interpretation of the history of modernization in Western capitalist countries, and shows other developing countries in the world a diversified path to modernization.
(1) High-level opening-up constitutes the open logic of Chinese-style modernization
The high-level opening up inherent in Chinese modernization is a symbiotic modernization of peace and progress, mutual achievement and common development. Different from the power model and world bullying pursued by Western developed countries in the process of modernization, Chinese modernization conforms to the development of the times and the general trend of the world, and opens a new chapter of opening up with a win-win cooperation model, which is in the common interests of the people of the world. China adheres to the model of win-win cooperation and opening-up, unswervingly follows its own path, benefits China and the people of the world with the achievements of Chinese-style modernization, creatively solves a series of world problems that cannot be solved by the Western world, and proves to the world that Chinese-style modernization is not only feasible, but also stable and develops well. Chinese modernization not only has the common characteristics of the modernization of all countries, but also has Chinese characteristics based on China's special national conditions, and presents profound characteristics of open logic and practice in the accelerated evolution of economic globalization. Building a strong country and a new journey of national rejuvenation and building a high-level opening-up system are not only the proper meaning of the practice of Chinese-style modernization, but also constitute a new model that conforms to the development of world modernization theory and practice and breaks through the path of Western modernization.
China's opening up to the outside world has always focused on the actual requirements of modern development, based on the core issue of "development", correctly grasped the two-way role of opening up to the outside world in modernization, and correctly balanced the relationship between opening up to the outside world and independence. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has taken an independent foreign policy as the basis, always adhered to the matching of domestic policies and opening policies, coordinated domestic and foreign markets, actively turned to all-round "high-level opening up", focused on promoting the construction and improvement of open world markets, increased investment in global development cooperation resources, and gradually integrated opening up into domestic economic development at the same time, flexibly used various policy tools to effectively respond to various risks and challenges. More importantly, China is committed to the mission of a responsible major country and advocates peaceful development and win-win results, and the Belt and Road Initiative has yielded fruitful results, with the cumulative total import and export volume between China and the Belt and Road countries reaching 19 from 2013 to 2022$1 trillion, with a cumulative two-way investment of more than $380 billion. As of the end of September this year, the China-Europe Express has reached 217 cities in 25 European countries, with a total of more than 780,000 trains, more than 7.4 million TEUs of goods transported, and the categories of transported goods have been expanded to 53 categories and more than 50,000 varieties of productsThe 22 pilot free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port are operating in an orderly manner, forming a pattern of reform, opening up and innovation that coordinates the coastal, inland and border areas.
By promoting reform and development through opening up, China has continuously made new achievements in modernization. The picture shows that on November 23, 2022, the maintenance personnel of Daxinhua Aircraft Maintenance Service***, a subsidiary of HNA Technology, overhauled the incoming aircraft. This is the first inbound aircraft engine replacement business undertaken by the one-stop aircraft maintenance industrial base of Hainan Free Trade Port since it was put into operation. Xinhua News Agency.
(2) The new development concept leads to high-level opening up
The new development concept leads high-quality development, and high-quality development depends on high-level opening-up, and high-level opening-up promotes high-quality development. The new development concept is a guide to action for the practice of high-quality development, and it is something that manages the overall situation, the fundamentals, the direction and the long-term, and determines the effectiveness and even the success or failure of development. To implement the new development concept, we must solve the problem of linkage between internal and external development, promote the formation of a pattern of opening up to the outside world on a larger scale, in a wider field and at a deeper level, and continuously enhance China's new advantages and new momentum in international economic cooperation and competition. China's commitment to high-level opening-up will bring "opening dividends" to the world, which will not only allow countries around the world to participate in the "cake" of China's strong domestic market, but also promote the common opening of the world through China's opening-up, expand the "cake" of the international market, promote the construction of an open world economy, and promote the building of a global community with a shared future for development.
Adhering to the new development concept to lead high-level opening-up means taking into account both internal and external opening-up, that is, we must adhere to a systematic viewpoint, strive to build a new high-level open-up economic system, and promote the interconnection between domestic and international resources allocation, factor flow, commodity circulation, etc., so as to improve the quality and level of China's opening up. Adhere to the new development concept to lead the high-level opening up, so that "openness" and "innovation", "coordination", "green" and "sharing" are unified and grasped, and always achieve both based on the actual situation of the country and the opening up for the future, and strive to form a "greater market opportunities", "better rules docking", "more innovation momentum" and "more inclusive sharing" opening up pattern.
(3) Promote the discourse reconstruction of the discipline system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics
High-level opening up is the opening up under the guidance of economic ideology and the fundamental feature of contemporary China's opening up. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the great practice of leading economic development in the new era, Comrade China has profoundly summarized and made full use of the successful experience of China's economic development, and put forward a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies based on the new reality, forming a series of new economic thoughts, providing a fundamental basis for promoting high-quality development and forming a high-level opening up. Economic thought is Marxism in contemporary China, an important part of the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, opening up a new realm of Marxism in China and the era, and the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
The degree to which a theory is realized in a country is always determined by the degree to which it meets the needs of that country. "Contemporary China is experiencing the most extensive and profound social transformation in the history of the Chinese nation, as well as the most ambitious and unique practical innovation in human history. Since the new era, the achievements of high-level opening-up have not only helped China write a "bright" economic answer sheet, but also promoted the discourse reconstruction of the discipline system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics with practical actions. China's opening-up based on peaceful development, mutual benefit and win-win results has presented the world with a Chinese solution that is different from the Western path of modernization, and has provided a new development path for other countries and nations in the world that want to accelerate development while maintaining their independence. In order to construct the discourse of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary not only to profoundly explain the generative logic, core essence and great significance of socialist open economics with Chinese characteristics from the academic perspective, but also to disseminate and tell the story of Chinese-style modernization in a timely manner from the external propaganda, so as to create a good external environment for high-level opening up. To tell the story of high-level opening up to the outside world, we must make it clear that opening up is the general trend of the world, globalization is unstoppable, and that the decoupling and breaking of chains and the construction of walls and barriers by individual Western countries go against the trend of history and are unpopularIt is necessary to make it clear that openness is related to development, and the road to high-level opening-up is the only way for high-quality developmentIt is necessary to make it clear that openness is win-win cooperation, that openness not only benefits itself but also benefits the world, and that China's opening-up is a high-level opening-up with win-win cooperation.
Based on cooperation: High-level opening-up has expanded the development space of the Chinese path to modernization
**The general secretary stressed that "we must continue to expand high-level opening up, deeply participate in the global industrial division of labor and cooperation, make good use of domestic and international resources, and expand the development space of Chinese-style modernization." "High-level opening-up, as a two-way interconnected domestic and international dual-cycle economic system, is reflected in three levels: a larger scope of opening-up, a wider field of opening-up, and a deeper level of opening-up. Since the beginning of reform and opening up, especially since the beginning of the new era, we have always adhered to the unwavering principle of opening up to the outside world and fully fulfilled our WTO accession commitments3% to 73%, down from 98% accession commitment;China's total economic output has jumped to the second place in the world, the goods have risen to the first place in the world, and the services have risen to the second place in the world.
(1) High-level opening up to the outside world and expanding the space for the elements of Chinese-style modernization
As China's economy enters a new normal, it must implement the new development concept, reform the mode of economic and social development, and implement high-level opening up. In the face of the new challenges brought about by the changes in the world, whether to passively embrace the Western economy-led model and follow the trend of the trend, or to take the initiative to adapt to the changes and innovate the development path and embark on a development path with Chinese characteristics, the Chinese Communists in the new era have carried forward the historical initiative spirit and given an answer worthy of the times and the people. Accelerating the construction of a dual-cycle development pattern is an important path to accurately solve the low-level development of the economy. **The general secretary emphasized that "relying on the advantages of China's super-large-scale market, we will attract global resource elements with the domestic cycle", so as to "enhance the linkage effect of two resources in the domestic and international markets".
The high-level opening up takes the deepening of the market-oriented reform of factors as an important starting point, and provides a broad market space for the allocation of domestic and foreign factors on the basis of the advantages and potential of the domestic super-large-scale market. Although China's reform and opening up has gone through more than 40 years of development and many effective practices have been formed, the degree of marketization of factors is still relatively low, and there is still a way to promote the independent and orderly flow of factors and improve the efficiency of factor allocation. It is necessary to continue to deepen market-oriented reforms, expand high-level opening-up, break down institutional and institutional obstacles that hinder the free flow of factors, and lay a solid institutional foundation for building a high-standard market system, promoting high-quality development, and building a modern economic system. That is to say, by giving sufficient market power to the circulation and allocation of factors, stimulating the innovation and creativity momentum of the whole society, based on the domestic unified market, attracting global resource factors with the domestic cycle, enhancing the linkage effect of domestic and international markets and resources, further expanding the spatial scale of the advantageous production factor market, enhancing the degree of competition in the factor market, improving the mobility and flexibility of economic factors, guiding the synergy of various factors to the accumulation of advanced productive forces, and forming a dynamic and sustainable development advantage based on advanced factor endowments such as technology and knowledge。 While insisting on high-quality "bringing in", we should strive to improve the quality and level of "going out", deeply participate in the global industrial division of labor and cooperation through the transformation of the operation mechanism of "promoting foreign and excellent entry and exit", actively interact with other countries and promote the efficient circulation of technology and talent elements, and realize the leap in the status of the global industrial chain of manufacturing driven by advanced factors.
The port is a window for high-level opening to the outside world. The picture shows the lights of the container terminal of Taicang Port in Jiangsu Province on November 5, 2022. From January to October 2022, Jiangsu Taicang Port completed a total container throughput of 6.65 million TEUs, a year-on-year increase of 161%。People** Photo by Yuan Xinyu.
(2) High-level opening up to the outside world and expanding the market space for Chinese-style modernization
Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, which has the common characteristics of the modernization of all countries and Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions. Chinese modernization adheres to the path of peaceful development, firmly stands on the right side of history and the progress of human civilization, holds high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win results, seeks its own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better safeguards world peace and development through its own development. Comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization will inevitably require new breakthroughs in high-quality economic development, the basic formation of a new system of higher-level openness, and a greater role for China in international governance.
The essence of high-level opening up is to use cooperation as a link to unblock the market, optimize space production, break the domestic gradient opening pattern, stimulate the advantages of the domestic market, and attract more international products to enter the Chinese market. It is necessary to tap the potential of the international market, open up the external market, shape China's new advantages in opening up to the outside world, and realize the efficient connection of domestic and foreign market spaces. On the one hand,Through the construction of a high-level development and opening up pilot zone platform, the level of foreign cooperation will be comprehensively improved. Since entering the new era, China's new pattern of comprehensive opening up has been deepened, the scope of the pilot free trade zone has been gradually expanded in batches, and the open economic system and mechanism have been continuously improved. On the other hand,Relying on the significant feature of Chinese modernization, which is "huge population size", it stimulates the effective demand of the domestic market and promotes the deep integration of the domestic and international markets. **In his letter to the 6th China International Import Expo, the General Secretary clearly emphasized that "let China's big market become a big market shared by the world", which shows that China is willing to share market opportunities with other countries in the world, play a positive role in global economic recovery, and ease the pressure on global economic growth.
(3) High-level opening-up to the outside world and expanding the driving force for the development of Chinese-style modernization
Since the beginning of this year, China's economy has shown strong resilience, potential and vitality in a complex and severe external environment such as the sluggish recovery of the world economy and the still high level of global inflation, and remains the largest engine of world economic growth. The good performance of China's economy has not only caused the International Monetary Organization and many financial institutions such as JPMorgan Chase, UBS Group, and Deutsche Bank to raise China's economic growth**, but also the spillover effect of sustained and stable economic growth is still emerging. Facts have proven that China has both the ability and the willingness to share development opportunities with the world, and the better China's development, the more prosperous the world will be.
Adhering to the independence of high-level opening up, insisting on putting the basis of development on the basis of our own strength, and adhering to the innovation-driven strategy are the only choices to overcome the long-term dependence on the low-cost path of opening up, especially export growth. "As a super-large economy, China will firmly promote high-level opening-up, expand market access, reduce the negative list for foreign investment access, and improve the level of opening up of the modern service industry," the general secretary stressed. "We need to improve the level of modern service industry, promote development through openness, achieve win-win results through cooperation, fully integrate into the global innovation network, strengthen independent innovation capabilities, and promote the realization of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance. Seize the opportunity of the development of the digital economy, make full use of advanced technologies such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence to realize the intelligent, convenient and efficient service process. We should grasp the digital project of service, cultivate new forms and models of digital technology, create a high-standard open system for the service industry, strive to improve the level of competition in the international market of Chinese products, and provide a broad world market for Chinese-style modernization.
With the goal of win-win, we will unswervingly promote high-level opening-up
High-level opening-up is an openness for win-win cooperation, as well as an openness to promote the improvement of national governance capacity and governance level. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Comrade China has been the core of the company's insight into the general trend at home and abroad, insisted on basing itself on its own development, and at the same time broadly opened up a new situation in foreign cooperation, upheld win-win cooperation, actively participated in and promoted the reform of global governance, effectively responded to the rising trend of anti-globalization and protectionism, and injected strong vitality into the world economy. China will adhere to true multilateralism, and is committed to continuing to promote reform and opening up, promote expanding the world's consensus on openness and cooperation, promote the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative, and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
(1) Continue to promote the opening up of "greater market opportunities". Accelerate the construction of international logistics and major channels such as the China-Europe Express and the new land-sea channel, develop "Silk Road e-commerce", and help more countries improve the level of connectivityAdhere to the enterprise-oriented, market-oriented, follow international practices and the principle of debt sustainability, and establish and improve a diversified investment and financing system. In terms of expanding third-party market cooperation, we will do better and better major projects, and build a mutually beneficial and win-win industrial chain systemCreate a number of cooperation zones with clear industrial positioning, outstanding location advantages, advanced operation and management, and obvious ecological effects to promote local economic developmentPromote the complementary advantages of Chinese enterprises and enterprises from other countries, improve the third-party market cooperation mechanism, and expand the cooperation space for the joint construction of the "Belt and Road". In terms of strengthening the synergy between planning and policies and people-to-people communication, we will continue to promote effective synergy with national development strategies and regional and international development agendas, enhance the level of soft connectivity, and deepen cooperation in public health, digital economy, green development, science, technology and education. Actively expand imports, implement the negative list of cross-border services in the pilot free trade zone, improve the level of free trade agreements, make good use of the results of free trade agreements, and continue to create huge market dividends for the world.
(2) Continue to promote the opening up of "better alignment of rules". Promoting institutional opening-up is a strategic choice for China to adapt to the new stage of opening up, and it is also an inevitable requirement for deepening cooperation between China and the world. After years of rapid development, China's development dividends brought about by the flow of commodities and factors have been fully released, and it is inevitable to turn to institutional opening-up. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2022 ** Economic Work Conference both emphasized the need to "steadily expand the opening up of rules, regulations, management, standards and other institutions". The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) has entered into full force for 15 signatories, including China. China has signed 21 free trade agreements with 28 countries and regions, 107 standardization cooperation agreements with 65 national standardization bodies and international organizations, and double taxation avoidance agreements with 112 countries and regions. China has actively built high-level open platforms such as the Free Pilot Zone and the Hainan Free Port, actively promoted its accession to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement, and is committed to creating a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based and internationalized.
Opening up to the outside world is an important driving force for economic and social development. On November 6, 2022, the audience visited the "China in the Past Decade - Achievements in Opening Up Exhibition" at the 5th China International Import Expo held in Shanghai. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Jiansong.
(3) Continue to promote the opening up of "more innovation momentum". From the proposal of the concept of a "community with a shared future for mankind" to the implementation of the "Belt and Road" initiative, the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the establishment of the New Development Bank of the BRICS countries, the successful holding of the G20 Hangzhou Summit, and the formal entry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), to the recent China-US summit, all of these show that China aims at a win-win situation, actively promotes multilateral cooperation and other ways to reform and innovate the global governance mechanism, and contributes to the optimization of global economic relations. Promote the development of the international order and the international system in a fairer and more reasonable direction, and inject Chinese elements and wisdom. We need to continue to strengthen innovation cooperation and sharing of achievements, strive to break down barriers restricting the flow of innovation elements, deepen reforms in the digital economy, and promote the orderly and free flow of data in accordance with the law. In terms of promoting the formulation of rules for economic governance in emerging fields, we will rely on the WTO and other relevant mechanisms to promote in-depth discussions on investment facilitation at the global level and promote the establishment of a multilateral framework for investment facilitation. On the basis of the Global Initiative on Data Security, we will work with all parties to formulate global digital governance rules and work together to create an open, fair, just and non-discriminatory environment for digital development.
(4) Continue to promote openness that is "inclusive, shared and stronger". Win-win cooperation means that China is willing to share development opportunities and fruits with other countries in the world, and demonstrate China's mind and contribute China's wisdom in promoting high-level opening-up with win-win cooperation as the core. We firmly uphold the authority and effectiveness of the multilateral system, fully and deeply participate in the reform of the WTO, unswervingly promote the stability of the global industrial chain, deepen the "Belt and Road" partnership, and resolutely oppose unilateralism and protectionism. With the help of the CIIE, it will provide important development opportunities for the majority of developing countries, fully release the spillover effect of the Expo, effectively promote the construction of an open world economy, and let the fruits of development benefit the people of all countries more and more fairly, and at the same time give better play to Shanghai's important role in opening up, promote the high-level institutional opening up of the Shanghai Pilot Zone, and build a "Silk Road E-commerce" cooperation pilot zone in Shanghai.
High-level opening up to the outside world is the general trend of the times, and self-isolation will only lag behind. Standing on the new historical journey, we must take a broader historical vision, a more forward-looking strategic planning, and a more courageous mission, maintain the determination of "flying through the turbulent clouds calmly", stimulate the enthusiasm of "the more difficult and dangerous the more forward", coordinate the two overall situations, accurately recognize and adapt to changes, deepen cooperation with other countries in the world, and work together to create a new pattern of opening up to the outside world at a higher level. China's determination to expand high-level opening-up, share development opportunities with the world, and promote economic globalization in a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction will not change. We firmly believe that China's continued expansion of high-level opening-up will benefit itself and the world, and that China's path to modernization will become broader and broader, ushering in a more progressive and prosperous China and the world.
Authors: Jia Gangtao and Wang Yiying, dean and professor of the School of Marxism of Beijing University of Chemical Technology, and lecturer of the School of Marxism, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, respectively. This paper is a phased achievement of the National Social Science ** Key Project 23AKS003).