Ternary lithium batteries, that is, lithium-ion batteries containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, have been widely used in electric vehicles, portable electronics, and other fields because of their high energy density, long cycle life, and good electrochemical properties. They are usually composed of a cathode material, a negative electrode material, an electrolyte, and a separator, among which the performance of the cathode material directly affects the overall performance of the battery.
Compared with other types of lithium batteries, ternary lithium batteries show advantages in terms of voltage and energy density. The higher voltage means that ternary lithium batteries are able to provide higher power output at the same capacity. In addition, ternary lithium batteries also perform relatively well in low temperature environments, which makes them more suitable for use in harsh environmental conditions.
However, ternary lithium batteries also have some drawbacks, such as temperature sensitivity, high cost, and potential safety hazards. The fluctuation of cobalt and nickel has a significant impact on the cost of batteries, and the thermal stability of lithium batteries is also an important factor restricting their development. To this end, researchers are working to address these challenges by improving cathode materials and battery management systems.
In the future, the development direction of ternary lithium batteries may include increasing energy density, reducing the use of cobalt, and improving safety and cycle life. In particular, reducing the dependence on rare metals and developing more environmentally friendly production processes provide a necessary way for the sustainable development of ternary lithium batteries.