In ancient times, wars were the norm, and the methods of conquest seemed to vary. The history books, film and television works and even poems we are familiar with are full of "Eastern Expedition", "Western Expedition" and "Southern Expedition", but why is the term "Northern Expedition" more inclined to be used in wars from south to north?
First of all, to be clear: the Northern Expedition did not never occur. For example, during the period of Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, there were still Mongolian forces in the north, and Zhu Di launched 5 northern expeditions in order to eliminate his worries, which was known as the Yongle Northern Expedition or the Ming Chengzu Northern Expedition. His great-grandson Zhu Qizhen also carried out four northern expeditions, but suffered a crushing defeat in the fourth northern expedition in 1449, which became the famous "Tumubao Change" in history.
Although in action, the "Northern Expedition" and the "Northern Expedition" do not seem to be much different, in terms of vocabulary Xi, the "Northern Expedition" is more popular. So, what's the difference between the two?Why is the "Northern Expedition" more well-known?
Conquest vs. Raid: Subtle Differences in War.
Let's first take a look at the difference between the words "levy" and "felling". Although they are often used together, for example, "Han Feizi Five Worms" mentions "the ancient world, the Xuan**, and Tang Wu expedition", but why did the ancients create two words if they have exactly the same meaning?
There is a famous saying in "Mencius": "There is no righteous war in the Spring and Autumn Period", followed by "Those who conquer will be cut down from above, and the enemy country will not fight against each other." This sentence has far-reaching implications, and Mencius considered the conquest to be a war between superiors and subordinates, such as the conquest of the princes by the emperor of Zhou. However, the word levy is not used between countries at the same level, let alone the conquest of Zhou Tianzi by the princes, which violates etiquette and does not conform to the morality of the relationship between monarchs and ministers in ancient times.
The subtle difference between levy and felling.
From the point of view of the original meaning, "levy" originally referred to conquest, which had the meaning of legitimately marching, especially referring to long-distance warfare. And "war" emphasizes more on armed attack, which originally meant to kill with **. The Northern Expedition in history, such as the Western Han Dynasty against the Xiongnu, Zhuge Liang against Cao Wei, Yue Fei against the Jinren, etc., had a clear purpose, which was to defend the territory, defend the Han Dynasty, or restore the Central Plains, and its war nature was very obvious.
In ancient times, wars from south to north were actually not uncommon, and the term "Northern Expedition" was a more accurate description of the nature of warfare. However, in the case of Ming Chengzu and Ming Yingzong trying to eliminate the Mongol power, it is actually possible to use the exchange of conquest and war.
The nature of the war and its historical origins.
The Northern Expeditions in ancient times were often in the nature of crusades rather than mere conquests. Therefore, the term "Northern Expedition" is more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people than "Northern Expedition". However, whether it is a conquest or a war, it is always the people who suffer in the end. That's why we now yearn for peace and don't want to go to war lightly.
The choice of terms for war is not a simple play on words, but carries multiple connotations of history, culture and morality. Although the forms of war are evolving, the desire for peaceful solutions will always be the strongest.
As an eternal topic in human history, ancient warfare has always carried complex and far-reaching connotations. This article on the differences in the use of "Northern Expedition" and "Northern Expedition" in ancient wars profoundly highlights the subtle differences between these two terms in semantic and historical contexts. The content not only provides an in-depth reflection on the naming of ancient wars, but also inspires people to re-examine the cultural, moral and historical connotations behind them.
In the article, the author focuses on explaining the difference between "levy" and "felling", as well as their Xi in ancient warfare. By quoting ancient sayings such as "Mencius", it is explained that "Zheng" is a war between superiors and subordinates, while "war" emphasizes more aggressiveness, and has less meaning that superiors will subdue their subordinates and stop at the point. This in-depth analysis gave me a deep understanding of the political, cultural, and social nuances behind naming in ancient warfare.
The article provides a case study of historical Northern Expeditions, emphasizing the crusading nature of these wars, rather than simple conquests. This in-depth analysis of historical events gives readers a clearer understanding of the nature of war and triggers a yearning for peace. As the article says, "Once the flames of war are ignited, it is always the people who suffer", which reminds us of the preciousness and cherishment of peace.
The article concludes by emphasizing the cultural, moral, and historical connotations behind the war. The ** on this topic is not only limited to the choice of words, but also the thinking of ancient civilizations and values. War is not simply a confrontation of force, but also a matter of human nature, morality and cultural identity. Therefore, the desire and effort to solve the problem peacefully is the goal that mankind should continue to pursue.
Overall, this review provides an in-depth analysis of the connotations behind the naming of ancient wars, and provokes deep reflection and reflection on war and peace. The understanding of history is not only an expansion of cognition, but also a wake-up call and enlightenment for our modern society.
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