— Preface —
In modern society, buying a house is a topic that many people can't jump over, and as the most important real estate in the hearts of Chinese, it seems that only when you buy a house will your heart be stable.
It's easier said than done to buy a houseSalary, house prices, location, and house type are all parts that need to be considered.
But you know what?The difficulty of buying a house is not an exclusive problem for modern peopleIn ancient times, house slaves were not easy to be.
In ancient times, there were changes of dynasties and the concentration of imperial power in the case of the control of the landHow did ancient people buy a house?
— The ancient "house buying policy".
When modern people buy a house, they only need to take their ID cards, household registration books and bank cards, and sign contracts when they are ready with money.
If you don't have enough money, don't panic, there are many ways to do itFor example, only pay the down payment, repay the loan every month, and then borrow from relatives and friends.
These methods are very convenient, as long as you do a good job of budgeting and can win within a reasonable range.
But the ancients were differentIn ancient times, there was no such complete loan system as in modern times, and there was no such simple process of buying a houseHow do they buy a house?
Someone will say,Maybe the houses in ancient times were sold cheaply, ordinary people can buy a house in full after working for a few months, and they don't need to borrow at all.
It is also said thatPerhaps the houses in ancient times were "allocated" by the government, ordinary people can live without spending money to buy it, is this really the case?
Not at all.
In ancient times, there was also such a thing as property ownershipWhether you are an official of the imperial court or a common man, you need to buy your own house.
During the Han Dynasty,The population, real estate, and assets of ordinary people's families need to be reported to the government and registered
Because in those days,"Poll Tax" and "Property Tax".It is the management method of the upper class to the general public, as long as you own real estate, you have to go to the government to pay taxes.
Someone will ask,Can you underreport the population or real estate?Wouldn't that make you pay less tax?
From ancient times to the present, the punishment for tax evasion is quite severe.
The government encourages everyone to report and exposeIf it is found that it is underreported, the clever people will not only face jail time, but all family property will be confiscated, and the whistleblower is rewarded.
Under strict supervision,During the Western Han Dynasty, there was also a strange house purchase policy.
The two-year law is clearly written in the "Household Law"."If you want to buy a house, don't let it be compared to its house. ”
This means that if you already have a house and want to buy another one, you can only buy a neighbor's house.
This has played a role in restricting purchases from the purchase and sale transactions, although it is a thousand miles different from the current purchase restrictions, but it also played a great role in ancient times.
In the Tang Dynasty, the administrators revised the previous regulations on selling houses, and there were also more humane adjustments, from restricting buyers to restricting sellers, if you want to sell a house, then there is a certain order of who to sell to.
Before selling a house, you must first ask relatives and friends, if relatives and friends do not need to buy a house, then ask your neighbors, if your neighbors do not buy a house, it can be the turn of irrelevant outsiders.
After restraining the sellers, the Tang Dynasty also had a regulation restricting property speculation.
The government strictly controls the land on which houses are built and deliberately manages the price of housing.
However, this also had a disadvantage, at that time, the per capita housing area was very small, and it was often a large family crammed together.
When the time came to the Great Song Dynasty, the ** people of the Great Song Dynasty still followed the Tang Dynasty's house selling processFirst relatives and friends, then neighbors, and finally open trading.
The only difference is that in the Song Dynasty, regardless of the house price, the one with the highest price when buying and selling the house got it, which also led to the high house price in the Song Dynasty.
During the Yuan Dynasty, an interesting system appeared in society, that is, ** was not allowed to buy a house in the place of office.
AbsolutelyThis is not to ban all ** to buy houses, but a policy mainly aimed at Mongolians**.
And the reason for this provision was not because the emperor at that time forgot his rootsIt's because in the process of expanding their land, many grasslands and houses are left unattended.
The leader holds a large amount of real estate in his hands, which will naturally be distributed to colleagues from the same tribe, and Mongolians can have a house without buying a house.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, this policy continued to be used, but for a very different reason than during the Yuan Dynasty.
At this time, the leader does not let ** buy a house at the place of work, just to prevent bribery**, except that ** is not allowed to buy a house,During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was also a more interesting policy, that is, to find a house
As the name suggests, looking for a house is to stare at the house.
At that time, even if the seller sells the house, he can keep an eye on the house price in the market, and if the surrounding houses have risen in price, then the price of his own ** house will naturally increase.
At this time, they can bring their relatives and friends and go to the former buyer to ask for the difference.
Such a policy makes the buyer's market very insecure, naturally no one will "speculate", the buying and selling environment is precarious, and many people are still very difficult to buy a house.
Each dynasty had different policiesHistorically, many literati and writers were saddened by buying a house.
They complain silently in the verses, and we don't notice it when we recite the poemsI don't understand what it means.
— Celebrities who buy houses also suffer —
Bai Juyi, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wandered for ten years in the capital Chang'anEvery day is talented, but still can't afford to buy a house.
At the age of 32, Bai Juyi passed the selection examI had my first job - school scrivener.
This iron rice bowl makes his salary and benefits greatly **, fortunately,At the same time as he raised his salary, the Tang Dynasty society had just passed the Anshi Rebellion, the economy and people's livelihood are already recovering.
In a good situation,Bai Juyi has a high salary, he can always afford to buy a house, right?
The answer is no.
According to Bai Juyi's own poems, during his tenure as a school scholar, he couldn't live in a good area of Chang'an at all, so he could only go to the eastern suburbs of the city and rent a small house to live temporarily.
In these days of working in the imperial city, Bai Juyi was diligent and diligent, and his monthly salary was constantly **, but buying a house was still a luxury.
It wasn't until he was 50 years old that he bought his first house in Chang'an.
"Traveling in Kyoto in the twenty springs, there is nowhere to settle down in poverty"., this poem says that Bai Juyi has been renting for 20 years, and its center is sour on the paper.
Bai Juyi's is so difficult, and the great writer Du Fu is not much better.
When he was wandering in Chang'an, he just caught up with the Anshi Rebellion, so he could only run to Chengdu day and night for refuge, and built a thatched house in Chengdu to live inwrote "The Song of the Thatched House Broken by the Autumn Wind", which is his situation at that time.
Some people want to buy a house, and naturally some people regard real estate as dungThe Su family in the eight families of the Tang and Song dynasties is a skeletal Qingqi existence.
When his father Su Xun was alive, it was just in time for the house price**,So he borrowed a large sum of money and bought a house in Kaifeng.
But before the money could be repaid, he diedThe debt naturally fell on the heads of his sons Su Shi and Su Zhe.
As a result, the two sons spent most of their lives paying off their father's debtsLater, the sons sold their father's house, and the money was used to help the people and give charity.
Su Shi didn't buy a house in Jiangsu until he was almost 50 years oldSu Zhe was even more miserable, and he bought the first house in his life in Xuchang, Henan Province at the age of seventy, how many more years do you say you can enjoy?
— Conclusion —
It was so difficult for the ancients to buy a house, and modern people look back, is their mentality much better?
Human wisdom is limitlessAlthough transportation and economy were limited in ancient times, many ordinary people had their own homes.
In today's developed economy,There are also countless people who have their own homes.
Whether it's a rural hometown or a small town, you just need housingIt's not the house that's important, it's the family in the house, the family is there, and the house can be given a better meaningWhat do you think?