In winter, there is a high incidence of flu and respiratory diseases, fever, headache, cough and runny nose, which is really miserable. When they don't want to go to the hospital, many people will choose to take some cold medicine and cough medicine at home, but if the medicine is not used properly, not only can it not cure the disease, but even hide risks.
A few days ago, a 13-year-old boy in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province was given medication because he was sick.
Sudden hallucinations.
After being sent to the hospital, he was actually tested positive for "drugs".
What's going on? Today, I will take you to understand how to use drugs scientifically during the high incidence of influenza
Xiao Tian, a 13-year-old boy, suddenly began to babble, always saying that he could still hear aliens talking to him. His parents then took him to the Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital for hospitalization**.
Jiang Xiaoying, Deputy Chief Physician of Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital: We did some relevant tests for him, including blood and urine tests, as well as an MRI of the skull, and even a full set of tests for lumbar puncture cerebral effusion.
For a 13-year-old, a morphine positive is very rare, and the doctor immediately collects another sample and sends it for testing, and the morphine is still positive. Again, the doctor asks the patient's family about the medical history. The patient's mother said that the child had contracted the flu a week before he was admitted to the hospital, developed high fever, severe cough symptoms, and was prescribed cold medicine after being treated in the emergency department of the local hospital**. The doctor further inquired and learned that the cough medicine prepared by the hospital required to be taken 3 times a day, 10 ml each time, but the patient's mother was anxious and heard that she would take 50 ml 3 times a day.
Jiang Xiaoying, deputy chief physician of Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalIn this case, the dose becomes very large, equivalent to 5 times the normal amount, and after about 3 days of continuous eating, the child suddenly has a mental abnormality.
The hospital immediately organized a number of experts to conduct consultation and judgment, and believed that the patient's sudden mental abnormality was suspected to be caused by an overdose of cough medicine.
Jiang Xiaoying, deputy chief physician of Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital: Some of the ingredients in certain medicines, such as ephedrine, are certainly effective in relieving cold symptoms in a reasonable dosage range, but if used in excess, or even abused, they may excite the central nervous system and cause mental abnormalities.
Doctors promote the metabolism of drug components in the patient's body by rehydration and use low-dose antipsychotic drugs, and after 4 days, the patient's urine test is negative for morphine, and after about a week, the patient's psychiatric symptoms are basically gone. **After discharge, doctors follow up with the patient for several months, and the patient is in a normal mental state.
An overdose of certain cold medicine ingredients can be hallucinating
Why do cough medicines have a "hallucinogenic effect"? What is the cause of the drug and how should we distinguish the drug ingredient? Here's what the experts have to say.
Wang Hailian, deputy chief pharmacist, Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University: Like the antitussive drugs and compound cold medicines we take, the ingredients contain ingredients such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which are precursor drugs, and the well-known ** drugs are similar, after overdose, it will cause patients to hallucinate, and after taking the drug, such ingredients will be detected. Like many compound cough medicines or compound cold medicines, the name of the medicine contains the word "hemp", "hemp" refers to ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, some medicines do not contain the word "hemp", but in fact its ingredients contain ephedrine or pseudoephedrine. Therefore, we only need to look at the name of the drug to see if the main ingredient in the label contains such an ingredient.
Take the medicine according to the instructions and dosage according to the instructions
The pharmacist reminds that it is best to consult a doctor in advance for the treatment of diseases, and any medicine must be taken strictly according to the doctor's instructions and dosage.
Jiang Xiaoying, deputy chief physician of Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital: Some drugs, if used in excessive doses, may cause some damage to the body, such as liver and kidney damage, and may also cause our central nervous system to be overexcited.
Wang Hailian, Deputy Chief Pharmacist, Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University: In addition, do not repeat the medication when taking these drugs, and avoid using multiple drugs together, so as not to cause serious drug overdose.
There are many types of cold medicines, how to prescribe the right medicine
There are many kinds of cold medicines on the market, how should we choose reasonably when taking medicine to relieve symptoms and catch a cold, and how to prescribe the right medicine scientifically?
If there is a headache and fever, antipyretic analgesics containing acetaminophen and ibuprofen can be used symptomatically.
If you have nasal congestion symptoms when you have a cold, medicines containing pseudoephedrine can relieve the symptoms, and the more common ones are compound pseudoephedrine hydrochloride sustained-release capsules.
If you have a runny nose or sneezing, you can try ingredients that contain antihistamines, such as chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine.
If it is a cough, it is necessary to distinguish the situation, if the dry cough is more severe, you can choose drugs containing dextromethorphans; If you have phlegm, you can use phlegm-reducing drugs such as ambroxol.
What are the contraindications for different groups of people taking the drug?
The doctor explained that different groups of people take medicine and have different contraindications, so let's find out.
Drivers, aerial workers and other workers who need to maintain attention should avoid using antihistamines-containing drugs, such as chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine, to avoid drowsiness, fatigue and fatigue.
Patients with poor gastrointestinal function should avoid using antipyretic analgesics such as ibuprofen tablets and acetaminophen tablets to avoid irritating the stomach and intestines.
Patients with hyperthyroidism, coronary heart disease, and diabetes should be cautious about using cold medicines containing vasoconstrictor ingredients such as pseudoephedrine.
For children under 4 years old, try not to choose compound cold medicines containing pseudoephedrine, dextromethorphan and other ingredients.
Pregnant women, many ingredients in cold medicine are used with caution or are prohibited during pregnancy, and must consult a doctor before taking medicine.
Is intravenous fluids really better and faster?
Experts point out that many people believe that intravenous fluids are more effective than oral medications, so they go for infusions whenever they have a cold and fever. Is this really the case? Should I take oral medicine or infusion first for a cold and fever? What diseases do infusions not necessarily work well? Let's continue to read what the experts have to say.
Zhu Ruihua, attending physician of the Department of General Medicine, Zhongshan Xiamen Hospital, Fudan: This may be a misconception because our winter colds and fevers are usually caused by various pathogens, including common bacteria and viruses, as well as these mycoplasma. Especially for colds and fevers in winter, there are more infections of influenza A and B, as well as mycoplasma infections, and of course, some bacterial infections, which are usually better with oral medicine. Intravenous use is recommended only when bacterial infections are very severe, to the extent of lower respiratory tract infections and to the extent of pneumonia. Therefore, we still recommend that patients go to the hospital first to confirm which pathogen is infected, so that specific drugs can be used for the pathogen, and the effect will be better and reduced to a minimum.
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