Migratory bird pension is becoming a trend, and many elderly people in the north pack up and choose to escape the cold in the warm southern cities before the winter comes. Cities such as Sanya and Haikou in Hainan are the "top streams" of migratory bird pension destinations, while some niche cities are gradually attracting the attention of the elderly and scholars in the field of elderly care.
A few days ago, the pension industry research team of the Industry Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University released the "2023 China Migratory Bird Winter Habitat Suitability Index", which includes a total of 55 cities in six provinces and regions: Qiong, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, and Longyan, Foshan, Danzhou, Zhaoqing, Pu'er and other cities were selected.
Luo Shougui, chief expert of the pension industry research team of the Industry Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and professor of Antai College of Economics and Management of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, said that the current migratory bird pension service lacks a mature operation mode, and a professional and authoritative platform should be established to formulate relevant norms, standards and monitoring and evaluation systems to provide services for the elderly.
Assess the average daily temperature in January 10 is the threshold.
In the past four or five years, every winter, Luo Shougui has to go to the south to carry out research in the field of elderly care, such as southern Fujian, southern Guangdong, southern Guangxi, southern Guizhou, Yunnan, Hainan, etc., "In these cities, I see groups of elderly people in the north going to spend the winter. Initially, the old people chose Sanya more, and then spread all over Hainan Island, and now there are more and more migratory bird-style pension cities, and the old people have many accommodation options, both thousands of yuan a month of hotels, and one or two thousand yuan of homestays. ”
Therefore, the research team expanded the scope of the survey to some cities in southern, southwestern, and southeastern regions. It is worth noting that considering that the main purpose of migratory bird pension in winter is to avoid the cold, the report takes the average daily temperature of the coldest month in January as the threshold (the average temperature of the coldest month in some cities is less than 10), and selects 55 cities in the six southern provinces and regions for evaluation. These cities are mainly prefecture-level cities, but there are also a small number of county-level cities where the capitals of ethnic minority autonomous prefectures are located, and some county-level cities in Hainan Province, where the winter is particularly warm.
In this evaluation, the selection of winter migratory bird habitats first considered the cities south of the Tropic of Cancer and the southern part of the tropical or ** zone. Considering that some other cities in the south are located north of the Tropic of Cancer, the influence of the winter cold wave has been greatly weakened due to the high mountains in the north, and they are also included in the evaluation scope, such as some cities south of the Wuyi Mountains in Fujian and south of the Nanling Mountains in Guangdong. Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan, due to their geographical location to the west, are blocked by many east-west mountain ranges in the north, so it is difficult for cold air to invade. Some cities in the central and northern part of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau have lowered their temperatures due to their higher altitude.
The sojourn-style pension market has huge potential.
Why did we conduct this study?According to the standards of the United Nations, 10% of the total population of a country or region over the age of 60 or 7% of the total population is considered to have entered an aging society. According to this standard, China has entered the aging stage in 1999.
China's aging population is progressing rapidly, and as of 2022, the country's elderly population aged 60 and above exceeds 2800 million, of which more than 200 million are aged 65 and above. With the arrival of the silver boom, it is expected that from 2022 to 2035, an average of 22.4 million new elderly people will be added each year. In 2024, the total number of elderly people aged 60 and above will exceed 300 million, accounting for more than 20% of the total population, entering the stage of moderate aging. By 2032, the elderly population aged 60 and above will exceed 400 million, accounting for more than 30% of the total population, entering the stage of severe aging. Such a large group of elderly people has created a market with great potential for sojourn-style elderly care.
Luo Shougui believes that China attaches great importance to the issue of old-age care, and put forward the silver economy, in the future, the industry will serve the elderly will be an important aspect.
Migratory bird pension urgently needs to establish an authoritative platform to provide services
Luo Shougui said that the reason for the release of China's migratory bird pension winter habitat suitability index is to provide more reference and guidance for the "migratory bird elderly", "many old people only know that Sanya, Haikou and other cities are suitable for winter, and which cities can also be used for winter pension, the old people are not clear, what are the characteristics and differences of each city, and the old people also need to understand." In this evaluation report, not only the 55 selected cities are listed, but also these cities are evaluated, and we hope that this is a handbook to help the elderly. ”
In the future, how should China's migratory bird pension develop?Luo Shougui said that there is a lack of mature operation mode to provide migratory bird care services for the elderly, "many elderly people rent a house online and then go to the local area, in this process, there is no standardized, trustworthy department or institution for the elderly to provide services for them." Therefore, Luo Shougui suggested that a public welfare or semi-public welfare network platform composed of research institutions and service providers should be established to provide comprehensive, authoritative and professional services for the elderly through the formulation of strict norms, standards and monitoring and evaluation systems.
From the perspective of service content, migratory bird pension services should be more targeted. For example, Luo Shougui said that the elderly live in the winter for as little as half a month or as long as three or four months, so the living place should be able to provide three meals a day or provide an area where the elderly can make their own meals. In addition, the local medical conditions should be able to meet the basic winter needs of the elderly.
In the interview, the reporter found that homestays have become the main choice for the "migratory bird elderly". In this regard, Luo Shougui said that further standardization and guidance should be carried out for homestays to carry out sojourn and elderly care services, such as carrying out age-appropriate transformation.
Link. Ranking of winter habitat suitability index for migratory bird retirement.
Know a little more.
Unpopular "migratory bird pension city".
Qionghai City, Hainan: Known as the "hometown of culture", "hometown of overseas Chinese", "hometown of civilization" and "hometown of hot springs in China", Qionghai City, located between Haikou and Sanya, ranked third in this year's winter habitat suitability index for migratory birds. Located at a low latitude, this seaside town has warm winters, with an average daily minimum temperature of 16 in January and 361 days of good air quality throughout the year. Among all the migratory bird habitats in Hainan, Qionghai has the lowest per capita consumption expenditure, and is a relatively quiet and comfortable city.
Danzhou City, Hainan: Located in the northwest of Hainan Province, Danzhou City has become an ideal place for winter migratory birds to retire with its pleasant climate and rich cultural history. In order to commemorate Su Shi, Danzhou held a birthday meeting to commemorate the great writer on the 19th birthday of Dongpo in the lunar calendar. Danzhou is located between Sanya and Haikou, with convenient transportation.
Liuzhou City, Guangxi: Located in the central part of Guangxi, it is known as the "City of Pots" because it is surrounded by three rivers with abundant water. In this year's list, Liuzhou City ranked seventh. In addition to the beautiful natural scenery and unique local culture, the mild and rainy winter with the monsoon climate also makes Liuzhou an ideal city for slow life for the elderly.
Beihai City, Guangzhou: Located in the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi, it is known for its monsoon climate, mild winter climate, and the monthly temperature difference in January is only 65. The fluctuation is small. The seaside here is rich in tourism resources, and historical and cultural attractions and modern architecture also provide a variety of leisure options for the "old migratory birds".
Jiangmen City, Guangdong: Jiangmen, a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, is a typical livable city, with an average temperature of 13-18 in the coldest month and a pleasant climate. Jiangmen City is actively building a pension service system with the integrated development of medical care and elderly care as the core, so that the elderly living here can enjoy a leisure and comfortable life and continuous improvement of smart pension services.
Huizhou City, Guangdong: Huizhou City is located on the east side of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, backed by Luofu Mountain, south of Daya Bay, and meandering by the Dongjiang River. Huizhou has moderate prices, tolerant culture, abundant medical resources, and a good social environment for the elderly, making it a good choice for the elderly to spend the winter in South China.
Zhongshan City, Guangdong: Located in the core of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the minimum temperature in January reaches 12, making it an ideal place for migratory birds to retire with its excellent air quality, water quality and pleasant winter temperatures. The average life expectancy in Zhongshan is 811 year old.
Zhangzhou City, Fujian: It belongs to the southern ** zone with an oceanic monsoon climate, with high mountains in the north to block the invasion of cold waves, and an ocean regulation in the south, close to the Tropic of Cancer, with a mild winter climate, which is very suitable for the elderly of migratory birds in winter. Zhangzhou is also known as the "hometown of daffodils", and every year during the Spring Festival, Zhangzhou City will hold a grand daffodil cultural festival.
Quanzhou City, Fujian: Fuzhou and Putian in the north, Xiamen in the south, and Taiwan Island in the east. Quanzhou City belongs to the first zone of marine monsoon climate, rich in light and heat, warm and humid winter, and excellent weather for 350 days a year. In recent years, Quanzhou has not only been rated as an excellent pilot city for the reform of home-based community elderly care services in China, but also ranked among the top in Fujian Province in the performance evaluation of elderly care services for consecutive years.
Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan: Xishuangbanna Prefecture located in Yunnan is located on the northern edge of the tropics, with a tropical monsoon climate, from December to March of the following year, it belongs to the dry season, with few clouds and rain, strong sunlight, and the annual air quality rate of Jinghong, the state capital, is 997%。Xishuangbanna is the most intact area of China's tropical ecosystem, known as the "plant kingdom", "animal kingdom" and "biological gene bank".
Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan: Located in the southeast of Yunnan Province in the southwest border, the average annual temperature is 19, and there is no severe cold in winter. Due to the low latitude, the heat resources are abundant. The festivals and Xi of ethnic minorities such as Zhuang, Miao, Yi and Yao can provide a rich and colorful life for the elderly living in Wenshan Prefecture. In recent years, Wenshan Prefecture has continued to make efforts to improve the basic pension service system and enhance the supply capacity of pension services, so as to promote the high-quality development of pension services.
Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan Province: Honghe Prefecture is named after the Red River that flows all year round, connecting Kunming and Qujing in the north, Wenshan in the east, Yuxi and Pu'er in the west, and the Tropic of Cancer runs through the east and west, which is a rich area of natural and cultural tourism resources in Yunnan Province. The climate in Honghe Prefecture is pleasant, with an average daily minimum temperature of more than 10 in January. Its ecological environment is good, and the forest coverage rate of the whole state is 583%, there are 3 national nature reserves of Dawei Mountain, Huanglian Mountain, Jinping Watershed and Yilong Lake, Hani Terraces, Changqiaohai and other national wetland parks.
Guizhou Qianxinan Prefecture: Located in the southwest of Guizhou Province, located in the combination of Yunnan, Guizhou and Guizhou provinces, Qianxinan Prefecture is warm and humid all year round, the temperature is moderate, although the average temperature in January is lower than 10, but most of the daytime temperatures are higher than 10, and the maximum temperature above 20 is not uncommon. The number of good days in Qianxinan Prefecture is as high as 99% throughout the year, and it is a resort for leisure and recuperation, tourism and sightseeing, and has been awarded the title of "China's Four Seasons Health and Wellness Capital" by the Chinese Meteorological Society.
Note: Data and city reviews in the text** "2023 China Migratory Bird Winter Habitat Suitability Index").
Reporter Wu Tingting.
Edited by Bai Shuang.
Proofreading by Li Lijun.