Three minutes to talk about culture
**Recall: "At that time, the air in the meeting was quite 'left'. First, the implementation of the 'May Fourth Directive' policy of 'nine points of care' for more than a year has been completely denied and regarded as right-leaning. Second, it overestimates the impurity of the party. When I said that the mainstream of our village cadres is good, Kang Sheng expressed his opposition in his speech. ......In my speech, when I said that the middle peasants should not be violated, Kang Sheng took out his and Chen Boda's experience in the 'land reform' of Haojiapu in northwest Shanxi Province and said: Mobilizing the masses and mobilizing the middle peasants is not considered 'left';If we cannot mobilize the masses, we will also be 'right' if we do not move the middle peasants. The view formed at the meeting was that if there were middle peasants who were resolutely opposed to the equal division of land, it would be natural to carry out the necessary struggle.
On September 1, the day of the second phase of the meeting, the Xinhua News Agency presided over by Hu Qiaomu published an editorial entitled "Self-Criticism of Xi Jinsui**", which clearly stated for the first time: "The current situation is different from the anti-Japanese period,......Our Party's land policy was changed to a complete equal division of land. Comrade Shaoqi asked the CCP for instructions on September 5: "....Are the above-mentioned items, in particular with regard to the principle of a complete equal division of land?Hope is revealed. On September 6, the CCP replied: "There are many interests in the equal division of land, the method is simple, the masses support it, and it is difficult for the outside world to find reasons to oppose such a fair method", "If you agree, the land conference will adopt the outline of the land law as a proposal to the liberated areas." At the same time, an intra-party resolution is drafted, which is published by **. ”
The meeting discussed and adopted the draft of the "Outline of China's Land Law" and drafted the "Resolution of the Communist Party of China on the Promulgation of the Outline of the Land Law". On October 10, 1947, the Communist Party of China promulgated the "Outline of China's Land Law", announcing to the people of the whole country: eliminate the land system of feudal and semi-feudal exploitation, and implement the system of land ownership by the cultivator.
But the meeting, as well as the Outline of Land Law and a series of resolutions, had some obvious 'left' mistakes. First, the policy of thorough land equalization is a direct consequence of seriously infringing on the fundamental interests of the vast number of yeoman peasants, who account for the majority of peasantsSecond, instead of summing up and "correcting" the existing "leftist" mistakes, they regarded the "nine points of care" of the "May Fourth Directive" that took into account the interests of all parties as right-leaning and denied it, thus expanding the scope of the brutal struggle for land reform almost indefinitely.
The third is the one-sided emphasis that "the poor hired peasants have the final say." It has contributed to the spread of narrow egalitarianism among poor peasants and cadres in the land reform and terrorism characterized by indiscriminate fighting, distribution and killing.
Fourth, the problem of grassroots cadres is overestimated, which has led to the "moving stones" style of rectifying the party, and the scope of the attack is too large.
Those who participated in the land conference held that the current problem in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan was a rather serious "leftist" mistake, such as "sweeping the land out of the house" and digging up cellars for the landlords, indiscriminately killing people, and excluding and cracking down on the middle peasants who infringed on industry and commerce. Therefore, after the meeting, the main task of the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan regions was to further "rectify the left" in order to facilitate production and support the frontInstead of implementing the general spirit of "anti-rightism" of this meeting. **Ask for instructions to report, Comrade Shaoqi agreed.