Have a healthy Spring Festival
What is Parkinson's disease? Parkinson's disease is a common degenerative disease of the nervous system in middle-aged and elderly people. Degenerative diseases of the nervous system refer to functional disorders such as muscle stiffness, tremors, inability to maintain balance, and memory loss due to neuronal degeneration and loss of myelination.
Disease Name Evolution of definition: None.
How is Parkinson's disease classified, typed, staged? Depending on the symptoms of the attack, the disease can be divided into the following four types:
Tremor type: tremor is the main manifestation, and the resting tremor of the upper limbs is the prominent manifestation.
Stiffness and bradynia: the patient is predominantly rigid.
Postural instability: The main manifestation of postural instability is the patient's postural gait.
Mixed: patients have tremor, marked increase in muscle tone, and postural instability.
For patients, different classifications mean different symptoms, and there are differences in regimens.
What parts or organs will be affected? It mainly affects the substantia-striatum dopaminergic system, but also affects the autonomic nervous system and cerebral cortex.
Is it contagious? Not contagious.
Can it**? Will it be**?
*:No**. There is currently no effective way to reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients with medication or surgery.
*: The disease can't**, so there is no **claim.
Will it be inherited? Have a genetic predisposition. The disease may be genetically genetic, with 5 to 10 percent of patients with Parkinson's having a family history, and if a member of the immediate family has Parkinson's disease, the risk of developing Parkinson's disease is increased but not necessarily [1].
Is Parkinson's disease common? Common in middle-aged and older adults, patients usually begin to develop symptoms by the age of 50 to 60, but some people develop symptoms earlier.
Symptom. The symptoms of Parkinson's disease mainly include motor and non-motor symptoms that affect them. The main motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease are resting tremor, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and abnormal posture and gait. Symptoms of Parkinson's disease can get worse over time [1].
What are the common symptoms?
Resting tremor: This is the shaking or fluttering that occurs at rest. The head, hands, arms, or legs may be affected.
Muscle rigidity: Muscle stiffness and inflexibility.
Sluggish movements: Slow movements, especially at the beginning.
Postural and gait abnormalities: impaired balance, walking dysfunction.
Sensory disturbances: The most common sensory disturbances include hyposmia, pain or numbness, and restless legs syndrome (discomfort in the legs before falling asleep that resolves with activity).
Mental disorders: The most common mental disorders include depression, anxiety, hallucinations, cognitive impairment, and even dementia.
Autonomic dysfunction: The most common autonomic dysfunctions include constipation, urination disorders, orthostatic hypotension (hypotension that occurs when there is a change in body position, and some symptoms of hypotension such as dizziness, blackness in front of the eyes, and even Venus in front of the eyes), etc.
Sleep disorders: Sleep disorders mainly include multiple awakenings, early awakenings, abnormal sleep behavior, and excessive daytime sleepiness.
What are the best ways to get Parkinson's disease?
Drug** Levodopa.
Objective: To replace the reduced dopamine transmitter in ** patients and maintain a relative balance with the cholinergic system.
Commonly used drugs: benzethazid, levodopa, carbidopa, levodopa, etc. MAO-B (monoamine oxidase type B) inhibitors.
Objective: To reduce the metabolism of dopamine in the brain and improve the symptoms of stiffness and bradykinesia in patients. Commonly used drugs: selegiline, rasagiline. Dopaminergic receptor agonists.
Purpose: To improve the stimulation of dopaminergic nerves and restore a state of equilibrium.
Commonly used drugs: non-ergot dopa receptor agonists, such as pramipexole A, piribedil A. CONT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) inhibitors.
Objective: To prolong and increase the bioavailability of levodopa A and enhance the efficacy of levodopa. Commonly used drugs: entacapone, tolcapone. Amantadine.
Objective: To improve oligopoly, rigidity, and tremor.
Commonly used drugs: Amantadine hydrochloride. Anticholinergic drugs.
Objective: To block choline receptors and inhibit muscle rigidity and tremor.
Commonly used drugs: trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride . Surgery**.
Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery (DBS): The goal is to relieve symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, and bradykinesia A. Electrical stimulation pulses are generated by implanting a brain pacemaker, and electrode contacts are used to act on the target nuclei (usually the subthalamic nucleus) in the brain to inhibit the electrical impulses of neurons that are overexcited due to the decrease in dopaminergic neurons, and reduce their overexcited state. Other**.
Nutritional support: The aim is to improve the patient's nutritional intake by helping the patient to eat or provide nutritional support through a vein.
Support**: The aim is to improve the patient's quality of life, such as moderate daily exercise; Set up handrails and non-slip mats in the rooms and bathrooms, and use special tableware; a high-fiber, low-fat diet; Laxative drugs such as lactulose A to assist in bowel movements, etc.
Psychological support**: effective psychological counseling and antidepressant medication** for patients with Parkinson's disease to improve psychological problems such as depression and achieve more satisfactory** results. What is the outcome of the development of the disease?
If not accepted in time**: Parkinson's disease is progressive, which means that the condition will gradually get worse over time. Usually, this process is slow, often lasting several years, affecting the patient's lifespan.
If received in a timely manner**: Helps control symptoms of early Parkinson's disease. **It should usually be started as early as possible when symptoms that interfere with work and daily living are present.
As the disease progresses, the efficacy of the drug may become less and less obvious, affecting the patient's quality of life to a certain extent.