For Qian Xuesen's exceptional request, **agreed.
I should return to the motherland as soon as possible and contribute my part to the construction of New China. However, just as Qian Xuesen's family was preparing to return to China, they were obstructed by the United States** and illegally detained and monitored for five years.
However, even in difficult times, Qian Xuesen has always been loyal to the motherland and contributed his wisdom. His story is deeply touching and admired.
After learning of the plight of Qian Xuesen's family in the United States, the leaders were very concerned about whether Qian Xuesen could return to China. On April 26, 1954, the Indochina International Conference was held in Geneva, and he led a delegation to participate in and start Sino-US ambassadorial-level negotiations.
Finally, I had the opportunity to directly negotiate with the US side on the issue of Qian Xuesen's return to China. At the negotiating table, ** seriously raised the issue of the return of Chinese civilians and criticized the United States for obstructing the return of people studying in the United States, including the famous scientist Qian Xuesen, ......Ambassador Wang Bingnan, as secretary general of the delegation, went to Geneva to participate in Sino-US ambassadorial-level talks, and specially told him that when discussing the issue of the return of Chinese living in the United States, the issue of Qian Xuesen's return to China must be raised.
However, Ambassador Wang Bingnan held many negotiations with the US representatives, but the other side still did not let up at all on the grounds that the US documents were made during the Korean War and that China could not produce evidence of Qian Xuesen's request to return to China.
At that time, due to the blockade of the US side, there was no communication of information, and our personnel were unable to contact Qian Xuesen, so during the negotiations, we really could not produce sufficient evidence to accuse the United States of obstructing Qian Xuesen's return to China.
The negotiations lasted three months without any progress. During this period, Qian Xuesen repeatedly tried to inform the motherland of his difficult experience of losing the freedom to return to China, but was unsuccessful due to the surveillance of the secret agents.
In June 1955, Qian Xuesen decided to return to China, and he included a letter to Chen Shutong, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, in a letter to his family, asking the party and the people to help him return to the motherland as soon as possible.
In the letter, Qian Xuesen pointed out that the United States had already canceled the U.S. document during the Korean War, but it still withheld him and would not let him leave. After Chen Shutong received the letter, he knew the importance of the matter, so he immediately handed it over to ***
After reading the letter, he said happily: "Well, now that we have this letter, we can completely convince the United States." So *** immediately deployed and asked *** to hand over the letter to Ambassador Wang Bingnan as soon as possible.
With this letter, under the arguments of Ambassador Wang Bingnan, the United States agreed that Qian Xuesen could leave the United States. **When I learned the news, I was very happy and sighed: "Although the Sino-US ambassadorial-level talks have not achieved substantive results for a long time, for the sake of Qian Xuesen, this meeting is worthwhile and valuable." ”
When Qian Xuesen and his family set foot on the land of the motherland from Hong Kong, they received special care from the party and state leaders. **Personally called Tao Zhu, the top leader of the Central South Bureau of the Communist Party of China and the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, and instructed to warmly welcome and personally receive Qian Xuesen and his family.
Tao Zhu not only personally hosted a banquet to entertain Qian Xuesen's family, but also personally arranged for Qian Xuesen to meet with local leaders, and accompanied him to visit an exhibition of the achievements of New China's construction in Guangzhou.
Qian Xuesen's family arrived in Beijing on October 29, 1955, and the next day they invited him and his wife Jiang Ying to Zhongnanhai as guests. ** Hold Qian Xuesen's hand tightly and say: "Welcome back to the motherland, the country needs you so much." ”
** also cared about Qian Xuesen's suffering abroad, asked him to go to the hospital for a physical examination, and asked the secretary to arrange a check-up for Jiang Ying. After talking about many famous physicists, chemists and Einstein's "theory of relativity", I asked Qian Xuesen whether he could develop atomic bombs and missiles in China.
He suggested that Qian Xuesen first understand the work situation in all aspects of China.
After Qian Xuesen saw ***, he felt that he was really a great man, which made him feel very admired. **'s suggestion is also in Qian Xuesen's arms. Later, Qian Xuesen made a report on rockets and missiles to the leaders of Zhongnanhai, and announced cordially and solemnly that everyone should be a student and listen to Qian Xuesen's lecture on high-end technology.
Qian Xuesen offered advice in front of ***, believing that China should develop its own missile nuclear industry, and the premier agreed with his idea and gave him a task to write a written opinion and submit it to ** as soon as possible.
**Invited Qian Xuesen to lunch, personally scooped up a spoonful of steamed eggs and handed it to him. Qian Xuesen ate with relish and sighed with emotion: "*The respect and care for me is unforgettable for me." ”
On March 14, 1956, he presided over the executive meeting of the Central Military Commission, invited Qian Xuesen to attend, and put forward a request at the meeting: *** and Qian Xuesen were responsible for preparing for the establishment of the Aviation Industry Committee, the leading institution for missile aviation scientific research.
This important decision marks the official start of China's rocket and missile undertakings. A few days later, Qian Xuesen submitted the "Opinion on the Establishment of China's National Defense Aviation Industry" drafted by him to ***.
** personally reviewed this opinion and sent it to the *** office: "This is the opinion I asked Qian Xuesen to write, and I am going to talk about it when I talk about atomic energy tonight." ”
This opinion paper has aroused great attention from the CPC and the Central Military Commission to develop China's missile industry, and they have held many meetings to study it. The decision-making and Qian Xuesen's opinions have jointly promoted the development of China's rocket and missile industry.
In October 1956, the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, China's first missile research institution, was established, and Qian Xuesen was appointed as the first president. Since then, Qian Xuesen has begun his glorious history as a technological leader in the rocket, missile, and aerospace industry of New China.
**The deep friendship with Qian Xuesen, as well as their love and dedication to the cause of national defense, have deeply influenced the course of China's history.
Rockets and atomic bomb equipment are all top-secret high-tech projects, and only two kinds of personnel are allowed to visit, one is a particularly high-ranking senior officer, and the other is a senior officer of a comparable military rank.
Faced with this situation, ** decided to make an exceptional request to ** for Qian Xuesen and awarded Qian Xuesen the rank of lieutenant general. ** Agreed, believing that it was an important means of pushing the Soviet Union to change its mind.
With the support of **etc** leaders, Qian Xuesen was awarded the rank of lieutenant general. This news made Qian Xuesen excited in his heart, because this is the motherland's high trust in him, the people's high hopes for him, and the deep love for him.
Since then, Qian Xuesen has been working diligently for New China's rocket and missile undertakings and has made tremendous contributions to enhancing New China's national defense strength. On April 2, 1970, Qian Xuesen and his assistant made a special trip back to Beijing from the launch base to report to *** on the preparations for the satellite launch test.
The report was carried out in the Fujian Hall of the Great Hall of the People, and ** asked Qian Xuesen: "Comrade Xuesen, do you want to talk about it first?" Qian Xuesen reported in detail, and he asked very specific questions.
After the report, ** repeatedly told Qian Xuesen: "Comrade Qian Xuesen, you must do your work well and not be sloppy in the slightest." Anticipate possible problems and discuss them. ”
After many days of continuous struggle, Qian Xuesen finally completed the test of the satellite and rocket, and prepared to transport them to the launch site. At this time, he returned to Beijing again to report to ***, and when he said goodbye, ** held his hand tightly and affectionately instructed: "Comrade Xuesen, you have to take care of your health!" ”
At 9:35 p.m. on April 24, 1970, Qian Xuesen and others successfully launched the first artificial satellite of the People's Republic of China, Dongfanghong No. 1, into space at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base.
At that moment, he burst into tears, because he knew that the historic moment when the Chinese nation entered the space age that he had dreamed of had finally come. Soon after, **called the launch base** and gave careful instructions.
In the end, he said happily: "The relevant leaders and experts of the base will be invited back to Beijing tomorrow to report to them." Qian Xuesen sincerely admired ***'s careful, thoughtful and reasonable instructions.
This is our Prime Minister, who at all times has always thought so thoughtfully, so meticulously, so reasonably.
During his work, Qian Xuesen established a deep friendship with ***. Qian Xuesen once said: "Whenever we make some achievements in our work, we will always be encouraged and put forward new challenges; When we encounter setbacks in our work, it always helps us to sum up our experience in order to fight ...... again's care and care made Qian Xuesen feel warm after returning to China, so when the news of ***'s death came, his heart was extremely heavy.