The systematic nomenclature of alkanes is based on the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature that uses specific nomenclature conventions to name different types of alkanes. Systematic nomenclature of alkanes is an effective nomenclature for complex alkanes, which can help us better understand and classify alkanes. 1. Nomenclature of paraffins.
1. Select the main chain: choose the longest carbon chain as the main chain.
2. Serial number: The number should follow the principle of near, simple and small.
Take one end of the main chain closer to the branch chain as the starting point number, there are two different branch chains, and are respectively in the position close to both ends of the main chain, then start from the simpler branch chain one end, if there are two identical branch chains and are respectively in the same position near both ends of the main chain, and there are other branch chains in the middle, from the two directions of the main chain numbering, two different numbering series can be obtained, and the sum of the two series is the smallest is the correct number.
3. Write the name: first simple and then complex, and the same base is merged.
For the nomenclature of paraffins, we need to determine the number of carbon atoms in the backbone and the position of the branches. The backbone refers to the hydrocarbons with the highest number of carbon atoms, while the branched chains refer to the small chains attached to the backbone. When naming, the number of carbon atoms in the backbone is first determined and numbered in order from smallest to largest. Then list the location and name of the branch. The systematic nomenclature of alkanes is based on the IUPAC nomenclature convention, which uses specific nomenclature conventions to name different types of alkanes. By mastering the systematic nomenclature of alkanes, we can better understand and classify alkanes and provide accurate and reliable substance names for the needs of scientific research, industrial production, and other fields. At the same time, learning and mastering the systematic nomenclature of alkanes is also an important part of chemistry knowledge, which is of great significance for improving our chemical literacy and scientific literacy.