The jujube tree suddenly went out of control? Explore the causes and effective prevention methods, and learn more
The occurrence and harm of jujube madness.
Jujube madness, also known as jujube yellow disease, has caused great losses to local fruit tree production. After the onset of the disease, the jujube seedlings cannot grow good fruits, so they are also called "male jujube trees". Although some jujubes affected by jujube madness can still bear fruit, the fruit shape is deformed and the surface is rough. Therefore, the economic development of the jujube orchard has been greatly affected. If the disease is severe, after 3 to 5 years, the fruit will completely lose its vitality and the whole tree will slowly die. Therefore, the majority of farmers must not take it lightly, must strengthen the monitoring and prevention of the disease, and fully grasp every step in the cultivation process. On this basis, grasping the causes and characteristics of its formation and taking targeted prevention and control measures can reduce the reduction of yield and quality.
The results of the study showed that the outbreak of jujube madness was not an accidental event, but had both natural and man-made causes. Among them, the natural cause is mainly the breeding of pests, while the human cause is mainly improper grafting and negligence in daily management. Among these diseases, insect infection is the main mode of transmission. For example, the insect flies out of the jujube tree at the end of August every year, spends the winter on the tree, and flies back to the jujube tree in May of the following year to lay eggs. During larval development, it feeds mainly on bud tips and young leaves. During this time, they will accidentally swallow food carrying the jujube fungus into their salivary glands. When these pests invade the normal jujube seedlings again, the bacteria will infect the healthy seedlings, resulting in a large-scale infection of the jujube orchard.
In addition, grafting is also a way to infect jujube madness. If there is a problem with the transplant procedure, it will pose a risk of contagion to the bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria are brought to plants in a variety of ways, such as bud grafting, root grafting, skin grafting, and branch grafting. In addition, unreasonable cultivation practices will also reduce the incidence of jujube madness. Strengthen water and fertilizer management, strengthen pest control, strengthen field management, improve tree potential, and improve disease resistance, but poor management leads to weak tree strength, decreased resistance, and is highly susceptible to disease.
In addition, in recent years, due to global warming, the area and distribution area of jujube madness have shown an upward trend. The low temperature environment is not conducive to the spread of pests, and the hotter winters can help them survive the winter, so the spread area of the disease also increases.
Pathogenesis of jujube madness.
Jujube fruit trees suffering from jujube madness have several notable manifestations. In these three plants, it is characterized by deformed flowering leaves and main branches. After the infection of jujube madness, the function of jujube flowers decreases, and the sepals, petals and stamens are shrunk to emerald green, which is easy to wither. Some leaves can also produce distinct bright veins on the main veins, which are in the shape of mouse ears. In addition, new shoots on infected branches, new shoots grow new shoots, new shoots grow new shoots, and new shoots grow layer by layer. Sick branches, most of which are elongated, have withered leaves on them.
Root rot and leaf wilt are also the main manifestations of jujube madness. In the early stage of the disease, the mesophyll is yellow, the leaf veins are yellow, and finally all yellowing, the leaf color is inverted and curled, the color is dull, and finally the texture is hard and easy to fall. Irregular dark spots can also be found on the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves. Jujube seedlings with severely damaged roots are manifested as root rot and blackening, and in severe cases, they can be completely rotten.
Prevention and control countermeasures.
According to the characteristics and pathogenesis of its occurrence, corresponding preventive measures are proposed to reduce the losses caused by it.
1. The introduced raw materials should be strictly isolated to ensure that they are collected from robust jujube seedlings.
2.Strictly control the transmission path of the source of the disease to minimize the reproduction and spread of harmful organisms. The use of appropriate pesticide prevention and control methods can make the diseased seedlings be eliminated in time.
3.The focus of controlling the disease is to enhance the resistance of jujube to the disease. The health of the tree can be maintained by intensifying the control of water and fertilizer. Carry out proper pruning and fruit thinning of jujube to maintain good ventilation and light conditions.
4.For jujube diseased jujube that has suffered from jujube madness, it can be treated by cutting off diseased branches and burning snow. On this basis, highly efficient pesticide spraying is adopted.
5.Carry out regular inspection and monitoring of diseases, and effectively prevent and control them.
On the whole, jujube madness has become an important disease in the production of jujube orchards, causing great losses to the local ecological environment. Therefore, in the adoption of effective prevention and control measures, effective prevention and control methods, etc., in order to effectively reduce the incidence and degree of harm of diseases.