Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang portrait).
In the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu, in 1392 AD, the crown prince Zhu Biaoxu died, that is, he died.
As the eldest son of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yuanzhang spent almost half of his life cultivating him.
A large number of ** were selected for him to assist him in the future, and the political forces that existed threats and hidden dangers were cleared for him.
Zhu Yuanzhang worked hard for the crown prince Zhu Biao, but now everything is in vain.
The white-haired person sends the black-haired person, who is as strong as the emperor, and his heart must be full of grief.
It is difficult to say that the father thinks hard in the three rivers, and it is difficult to buy a child to survive in the mountains.
Zhu Yuanzhang can create the Ming Dynasty and create his own era, but he can't bring his son back from the dead.
But even if Zhu Biao is dead, Zhu Yuanzhang is not without any leeway.
During his lifetime, the emperor raised a total of twenty-six sons.
Zhu Li, the king of Jin, is known for his strategy, and Zhu Lu, the king of Zhou, is talented and intelligent.
Zhu Zhen, the king of Chu, was good at poetry and books, and Zhu Di, the king of Yan, was an outstanding talent in that era.
Portrait of Ming Chengzu Zhu Di).
As soon as the crown prince died, the sons of these former vassal kings thought that they had a chance to compete for the throne.
But it's a pity that Zhu Yuanzhang didn't give them a chance.
The emperor bypassed his own son and instead made the eldest son of the crown prince Zhu Biao, the emperor's eldest grandson, Zhu Yunwen, the emperor's grandson, the emperor's grandson.
It's just so weird.
First, the civil and military officials find it strange that the vast majority of the ** in the court belong to the Huaixi political group, they are the old qualifications of the Ming Dynasty, and they grew up together with Zhu Yuanzhang in the wind and rain.
They know Zhu Yuanzhang as well as they know themselves.
Why would this decisive, shrewd, tough and ruthless emperor pass the throne to a person who is diametrically opposed to his personality?
In the eyes of the ministers, Zhu Yunwen is too benevolent and kind.
This imperial grandson, who grew up in the educational background of Confucian culture, has a weak personality and is timid, which is really useless.
How could this magnificent and vast Ming Empire be in the hands of such a cowardly person?
Forbidden City) However, the Wenchen at this time is very different from the Wenchen in the future.
In the future, the civil official group of the Ming Dynasty is the backbone of the political environment of the Ming Dynasty.
Emperor Zhu Houzhao of Zhengde wants to travel, and civil officials can take care of it.
Wanli Emperor Zhu Yijun wants to abolish the elder and the young, and the civil officials can manage it.
Chongzhen Emperor Zhu Youzhen wanted to ban it, and the civil officials could still manage it.
The excessive power of civil officials has a lot to do with the decline of imperial power and the courage of the emperor himself.
But the Wenchen under Zhu Yuanzhang basically has no right to speak.
As the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty and one of the most legendary emperors in Chinese history, Zhu Yuanzhang has firmly controlled power in his own hands from beginning to end.
No one can change what the emperor decides.
Heaven is the emperor, the earth is the emperor, and all things are the emperor.
It has become an established fact that Zhu Yunwen became the emperor, but there are still indignant people.
This person is Zhu Di, the king of Yan, who was enshrined in Beijing.
Zhu Di was very unconvinced, Zhu Di was simply unconvinced.
Back then, his father chose Zhu Biao between Zhu Biao and himself, maybe Zhu Di can understand.
Because in the era of feudal monarchy, the gap between the primogeniture inheritance system was really insurmountable.
Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Biao in the image of film and television dramas).
But now that Zhu Biao is dead, his father didn't even look at him, and he was about to send Zhu Yunwen to the throne.
I'm not as good as that stinky boy who hasn't dried up? I'm not as good as that weak and incompetent little nephew?
But even though Zhu Di has thousands of dissatisfaction in his heart, at this moment, he can only endure it.
He didn't dare to disobey his father's decision, he could only choose to accept it all silently.
But he really didn't understand why his father did this.
It is normal for Zhu Di to have doubts in his heart, because even Zhu Yuanzhang himself probably doesn't know why he did this.
In the traditional sense, we can regard Zhu Yuanzhang's choice of Zhu Yunwen as a new attempt by the emperor to inherit the throne.
Because Zhu Yuanzhang understands that from the chaos in the world at the end of the Yuan Dynasty to the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the people of Li on this land have experienced too many wars and suffered countless wars.
What the people need is not a ruthless and hard-line emperor like themselves, but a benevolent king who knows how to sympathize with the people and benefit the people.
Only with such a relatively gentle way of governing the country can the Ming Dynasty go further.
This is indeed a set of self-consistent logic, you can deceive others, but you can't deceive the emperor himself.
Because Zhu Yuanzhang has always understood a truth very deeply, that is, strictly speaking, Zhu Yunwen is not suitable to be the emperor, he obviously has a better choice, and this throne should be reserved for his son to sit on.
But in any case, the emperor still overcame all difficulties and chose Zhu Yunwen.
Portrait of Emperor Jianwen Zhu Yunwen).
And the reason may be Zhu Biao's death, Zhu Yuanzhang has always been uneasy.
In the thirty-first year of Hongwu, in 1398 AD, Zhu Yuanzhang, the ancestor of the Ming Dynasty, completed his life journey, went away, and the dragon drove the guest, at the age of seventy-one.
Although Zhu Yuanzhang is not the protagonist of this article, it does not prevent the author from leaving a comment for him, namely:
Zhu Yuanzhang was a great emperor, who ruled the peace with literature, suppressed cholera with martial arts, and ruled the prosperity of the Tang and Song dynasties.
Rise in cloth, the road is blue, and eventually become a generation of Mingjun.
Now, the plot of Zhu Yuanzhang has come to an end, and the Ming Dynasty has ushered in its second master, Jianwen Emperor Zhu Yunwen.
Although Zhu Yunwen is an emperor, there are not many records of him in the history books.
The reason why there are not many is not that the historians are lazy, but that most of them were ruined by the later Chengzu Zhu Di.
Therefore, judging from the only surviving historical materials, we really can't sketch a complete image of Zhu Yunwen.
What we can roughly know is that Zhu Yunwen was deeply influenced by Confucianism since he was a child, which made him a very benevolent and kind person.
The emperor gave preferential treatment to literati, reduced prison sentences, lightly punished small debts, reduced redundant officials, and reformed the stricter laws established since Emperor Taizu Gao, Zhu Yuanzhang.
To be honest, Zhu Yunwen is not a mediocre person in the traditional sense, not only is he not mediocre, but he is also very diligent - after the emperor finished his internal affairs, he began to deal with external troubles non-stop.
The so-called troubles are these feudal kings who are divided throughout the country.
The vassal kings have fiefs, forces, and armies, which are really a very strong threat to the ** regime.
Zhu Yunwen is a good person, but Zhu Yunwen is not a fool.
If the vassal king is not removed, there will not be a day when his throne will be stable.
So, the emperor began a very tough road of cutting the domain, Zhu Hu, the king of Zhou, was deposed as a concubine, and Zhu Bai, the king of Xiang, was forced to die in desperation.
The king of Qi Zhu Rong was deposed as a concubine, the acting king Zhu Gui was deposed as a concubine, and the king of Min Zhu Yang was deposed as a concubine.
The emperor's uncles fell one after another, which can be called "death and flight and injury", and the end is really a bit too tragic.
There are those who are tied up, and naturally there are those who resist.
Zhu Di, the king of Yan, became the last rebel.
The Battle of Jingjing) The Battle of Jingjing" is too classic, and the author will not repeat it here.
As a narrator of history, the author was just very amazed that Zhu Yunwen, the Jianwen Emperor who sat on the land of the Central Plains and had millions of elite soldiers, lost to Zhu Di, the king of Yan, who only had one city, in just four years.
Time, luck, and life.
In the fourth year of Jianwen, in 1402 AD, the city of Nanjing was broken, and the rule of the Jianwen regime came to an end.
Zhu Yunwen ascended the throne in the first year of Jianwen, 1399 AD.
The end of his reign was in the fourth year of Jianwen, 1402 AD.
In four years, 1,460 days and nights of hard work, but in exchange for the complete collapse of his own ruling level.
Mainstream historiography often says that the reason why Zhu Yunwen failed was because the emperor himself was soft and incompetent, blindly trusted civil officials, and then blindly cut the feudal domain, so that it caused a catastrophe.
However, the author argues that this argument is not entirely correct.
Zhu Yunwen is not only not an incompetent person, but a virtuous monarch in the feudal imperial era.
The emperor was generous and benevolent, treated the people of Li well, and was able to vigorously correct the political pressure and cruel laws of the Hongwu Dynasty, and his performance was even very eye-catching for a time.
Portrait of Song Renzong Zhao Zhen).
After Gaozu Liu Bang, there are two virtuous gentlemen, Wenjing.
After Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, there is a moving history of Song Renzong Zhao Zhen.
And Zhu Yunwen, the Jianwen Emperor after Emperor Taizu Gao, Zhu Yunwen, is really an existence that conforms to the development of the dynasty.
The reason why Zhu Yunwen failed was just that he didn't expect that in his life, the variable of Zhu Di was born.
It is often said that although the orthodox emperor Zhu Qizhen was not a good emperor, he was a good person.
And although Ming Chengzu Zhu Di is a good emperor, he is not a good person.
But Jianwen Emperor Zhu Yunwen is not only a good emperor, but also a good person.
The emperor has outstanding achievements in governing the country, and his reputation among the people is very good.
The emperor is good at employing people, Tie Xuan, Ping'an, Sheng Yong, and He Fu are all famous ministers and good generals of that era.
Tie Xuan statue).
The so-called emperor is weak and incompetent, but it is just because of the success and defeat of the king.
If the ending of the Battle of Jingyan is rewritten, and it is Zhu Di who fails, then I am afraid that netizens will criticize Comrade Zhu Di for being brave and unstrategic, and he is unusable, blindly rebelling, and he is really seeking his own death.
Back then, Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty was able to destroy the vassal king with Zhou Yafu and Chao Cuo, and Emperor Jianwen was surrounded by famous ministers Huang Zicheng, Qi Tai and Fang Xiaoru, and the reason why they ended up in disrepute was just because of historical variables.
Emperor Jianwen is very good, Zhu Di is also very good, there is actually no contradiction between the two, and there is no need to engage in any polarization.
If Emperor Jianwen is really wrong, then I'm afraid it's just that he has an eloquent uncle like Zhu Di.
The balance of history will never be tilted in favor of the strong or the weak, or in other words, there is no peace in history, and the so-called balance is just an inconsequential joke about us in later generations.