The New Dynasty Yazheng and the Republic of China abolished the government and saved the county move

Mondo Social Updated on 2024-02-10

The "ugly" place names on the Internet are not actually "changed", most of them have been handed down for thousands of years, but because of the rise and fall of the division, the first degree has increased. And the direct cause of this matter, most of them have to start from the abolition of the county movement, this matter is not far from now, there are old people in the family to go back and ask, in the first year of the **.

During the Qing Dynasty, the administrative division of the country was roughly a province-government (Zhili Prefecture, Zhili Department)-county (Sanzhou, Santing) ** system, and there was a quasi-division level between the province and the government. In the third year of Xuantong, a cannon sounded in Wuchang Mansion, which brought the Three People's Principles to China, and since then, the great rivers and mountains have been fresh, and China has ushered in a ......Change the soup without changing the medicine**Beiyang**.

At that time, the Qing Dynasty had a total of 19 provinces in the interior, 3 provinces outside the Guanxi and 23 provinces in Xinjiang, but Taiwan Province fell into the hands of the Japanese invaders, in fact, there were 22 provinces, and there were also two special areas, Inner and Outer Mongolia and Tibet. **On February 26 of the first year, Zhang Taiyan published the "Telegram of the Proposed Official System" in the "Ta Kung Pao", suggesting to Yuan Provisional ** that "abolish the province and save the road, abolish the government and save the county, the county is subordinate to the province, and the province is subordinate to the ministry", that is, the four-level division of the province-province-government-county was changed to the second-level division of the province-province-government-county. You must know that at that time, there were at least four roads in a province (Jilin Province), so if you really take the second level of Dao-County, then there will be more than 100 roads in China, and this foot will directly fall to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Therefore, although Yuan Da** had the idea of reducing the power of the governors of the southern provinces, he also knew that the second level of Daoxian County did not seem to be in line with reality, so he retreated and promulgated the "Unification Order" in the second year, requiring the whole country to follow the ** plan, limited to March of the second year, and all of them should be completed.

The revision of the national administrative division in the "Unification Order" is simply to abolish the prefecture, retain the attached Guo County, change the Zhili Prefecture and Sanzhou to the county, and then add an entity between the province and the county "Dao" as a neutralization, so that the province-province-county** division is formed.

Let's not talk about whether this kind of reform is of practical significance, nor do we talk about whether the setting is unreasonable or not, but just talk about how the actual operation of this "abolished government and county" is done.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the government had a attached Guo, and the state did not have a attached Guo, that is to say, the location of the prefecture had a attached Guo county (the government in some areas did not), and the location of the state city did not have a attached Guo County. **Abolish the government and save the county, in fact, it is to abolish the government and then change the state to a county. Simple and crude. This operation directly led to the number of **counties from 1450 in the first year to 1803 in the second year, and the extra was close to 400, where did it come from? It was changed by the state.

Let's take Hebei Province as an example.

Hebei, that is, the Zhili of the Qing Dynasty, was composed like this at the end of the Qing Dynasty:

1. 19 counties in 5 states of Shuntianfu:

1. West Road Hall: Daxing County, Wanping County, Liangxiang County, Fangshan County, Zhuozhou.

2. East Road Hall: Tongzhou, Jizhou, Sanhe County, Wuqing County, Baodi County, Xianghe County, Ninghe County.

3. South Road Hall: Bazhou, Wen'an County, Baoding County, Dacheng County, Gu'an County, Yongqing County, Dong'an County.

4. North Road Hall: Changping Prefecture, Shunyi County, Huairou County, Miyun County, Pinggu County.

2. 14 counties in 2 prefectures of Baoding Prefecture: attached to Guo Qingyuan County.

1. Mancheng, Ansu, Dingxing, Xincheng, Rongcheng, Xiong, Tang, Wan, Wangdu, Boye, Li, Shulu, Gaoyang County.

2. Qizhou, Anzhou.

3. Yongping Prefecture 1 state and 6 counties: attached to Guolulong County.

1. Qian'an, Funing, Changli, Leting, Linyu County.

2. Luanzhou. 4. 1 state and 13 counties of Zhengding Prefecture: attached to Guo Zhengding County.

1. Won Lu, Jingcheng, Pingshan, Lingshou, Xingtang, Fuping, Luancheng, Yuanshi, Zanhuang, Wuji, Gaocheng, Xinle County.

2. Jinju. 5. 9 counties of Shunde Prefecture: attached to Guo Xingtai County.

1. Shahe, Nanhe, Ren, Pingxiang, Guangzong, Julu, Tangshan, Neiqiu County.

6. 1 prefecture and 9 counties of Quang Binh Province: attached to Guo Yongnian County.

1. Quzhou, Feixiang, Guangping, Cheng'an, Handan, Jize, Wei, Qinghe County.

2. Cizhou. 7. Daimyofu 1 state and 6 counties: attached to Guo Yuancheng County.

1. Daimyo, Nanle, Qingfeng, Dongming, Changyuan County.

2. Kaizhou. 8. 1 prefecture and 10 counties in Hejian Province: attached to Guo Hejian County.

1. Xian, Suning, Renqiu, Jiaohe, Fucheng, Ningjin, Gucheng, Wuqiao, Dongguang County.

2. Jingzhou. 9. 1 prefecture and 6 counties of Tianjin Prefecture: attached to Guo Tianjin County.

1. Jinghai, Qing, Nanpi, Yanshan, Qingyun County.

2. Cangzhou. 10. 3 states and 10 counties of Xuanhua Prefecture: attached to Guo Xuanhua County.

1. Chicheng, Longmen, Wanquan, Huai'an, Huailai, Xining County.

2. Ulzhou, Yanqing, Baoanzhou.

Ten. 1. 1 state and 3 counties in Chengde Prefecture: no attached Guo.

1. Luanping, Fengning, Longhua County.

2. Pingquanzhou.

Ten. 2. 4 counties of Chaoyang Prefecture: no attached Guo.

1. Jianchang, Fuxin, Jianping, Suidong County.

Ten. 3. 2 counties of Chifeng Zhili Prefecture:

Kailu, Linxi County.

Ten. 4. 2 counties in Zunhua Zhili Prefecture:

Yutian, Fengrun County.

Ten. 5. 2 counties of Yizhou Zhili Prefecture:

Laishui, Guangchang County.

Ten. 6. 5 counties in Jizhou Zhili Prefecture:

Nangong, Xinhe, Zaoqiang, Wuyi, Hengshui County.

Ten. 7. 5 counties of Zhaozhou Zhili Prefecture:

Baixiang, Longping, Gaoyi, Lincheng, Ningjin County.

Ten. 8. 3 counties of Shenzhou Zhili Prefecture:

Wuqiang, Raoyang, Anping County.

Ten. 9. 2 counties of Dingzhou Zhili Prefecture:

Shenze, Quyang County.

Two. 10. Hall 4 of Koubei Road:

1. Zhangjiakou Hall, Dushikou Hall, Duolunoer Hall, Paddock Hall.

Above, as of October of the third year of Xuantong, the Zhili region has jurisdiction over 12 prefectures, 7 prefectures, 4 halls, 17 scattered prefectures, and 127 counties.

* In March of the second year, Bohai, Fanyang, southern Hebei and Koubei four provinces were set up, and the four provinces were renamed Jinhai, Baoding, Daiming and Koubei, and the whole province was governed. In addition to the 5 prefectures and 19 counties of Shuncheonfu, the 108 counties have basically not changed, and the remaining 11 prefectures, 7 Zhili prefectures, 4 halls, and 12 scattered prefectures have all been abolished, and all prefectures and departments have been renamed

11 prefectures were abolished, and the attached Guo County was retained, and the names of Zhengding Mansion, Baoding Mansion, Shunde Mansion, Guangping Mansion no longer existed, and were replaced by Guo County attached to each prefecture, since then, Zhengding County has replaced Zhengding Mansion, Xingtai County has replaced Shunde Mansion, Qingyuan County has replaced Baoding Mansion, Yongnian County has replaced Guangping Mansion, and Lulong County has replaced Yongping Mansion.

19 states (7 Zhili Prefecture, 12 Scattered Prefectures), all of which changed the states in the name to counties, Bazhou, Cangzhou, Jizhou, Zhaozhou, Cizhou and other states no longer exist, replaced by Baxian, Cangxian, Ji County, Zhao County, Cixian County.

The 4 halls were all changed to counties, and Zhangjiakou Hall, Dushikou Hall, Duolunuoer Hall, and Paddock Hall were changed to Zhangbei County, Dushi County, Duolun County, and Paddock County respectively.

At the same time, because there are too many places with duplicate names after the abolition of the government and the demotion of the prefecture in the provinces, the first Xuan has introduced a renaming campaign for duplicate place names, that is, the "List of Reasons for Changing the Duplicate County Names of the Provinces and the Reasons for Saving and Abolishing the Provinces" published in the ** Gazette No. 628 (February 5, 1914), No. 629 (February 6), No. 630 (February 7), and No. 631 (February 8). (See: **Three Years of Name Change Campaign - Zhihu.)

This restructuring + name change has laid the foundation for the modern Hebei Province place name.

Taking Shunde Mansion as an example, **After this name change, Shunde Mansion no longer exists, and the name Xingtai replaces the existence of the name Shunde, which is reflected in the **Hebei map, here is the marking of Xingtai, parentheses Shunde:

*October 15, 4th edition of the Jingzhao Naoli map.

Detailed map of Hebei Province in the 37th year of Yaguang Geoscience Society.

On September 24, 1945, Xingtai was liberated, and Xingtai County was established as Xingtai City, with Xingtai County outside the city and Xingtai City inside the city. In 49 years, the people of Hebei Province were established, and the Xingtai Prefecture was established, stationed in Xingtai City, and soon after underwent various changes, and in 1961, the Xingtai Prefecture was restored, and the Xingtai Prefecture was stationed. In 1980, Xingtai City set up three municipal districts, Qiaodong District, Qiaoxi District and suburbs, forming a situation where Xingtai City and Xingtai Prefecture were co-located. In 88, the suburbs were revoked, and the pattern of Qiaodong and Qiaoxi in Xingtai urban area was formed. In July 1993, Xingtai District was merged with Xingtai City to form a new prefecture-level Xingtai City, with jurisdiction over 2 districts, 2 cities and 15 counties.

This kind of name change is the reason why many Ming and Qing prefectures and the current county and city names are different, probably as follows:

Lulong District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province (Yongping Mansion), Xingtai City (Shunde Mansion), Yongnian County (Guangping Mansion),

Shangqiu City, Henan Province (Guide Mansion), Qinyang County (Huaiqing Mansion), Huaiyang District of Zhoukou City (Chenzhou Mansion), Anyang City (Zhangde Mansion).

Shandong Liaocheng City (Dongchang Mansion), Heze City (Caozhou Mansion), Huimin County (Wuding Mansion).

Shanxi Linfen City (Pingyang Mansion), Yongji City (Puzhou Mansion), Jincheng City (Zezhou Mansion), Changzhi City (Lu'an Mansion).

Anhui Fuyang City (Yingzhou Mansion), Hefei City (Luzhou Mansion), Xuancheng City (Ningguo Mansion), Dangtu County (Taiping Mansion).

Ankang City, Shaanxi Province (Xing'an Prefecture), Dali County (Tongzhou Prefecture).

Gansu Longxi County (Gongchang Mansion), Wuwei City (Liangzhou Mansion), Zhangye City (Ganzhou Mansion).

Lishui City, Zhejiang Province (Prefecture Capital).

Jiangxi Nancheng County (Jianchang Mansion), Yichun City (Yuanzhou Mansion), Gao'an City (Ruizhou Mansion), Lushan City (Nankang Mansion), Shangrao City (Guangxin Mansion).

Huanggang City (Huangzhou Mansion), Zhongxiang City (Anlu Mansion), Anlu City (De'an Mansion) in Hubei Province

Shaoyang City (Baoqing Mansion), Zhijiang County (Yuanzhou Mansion), Yuanling County (Chenzhou Mansion), Hunan

Fengjie County, Chongqing (Kuizhou Prefecture).

Sichuan Dazhou City (Suiding Mansion), Nanchong City (Shunqing Mansion), Langzhong City (Baoning Mansion), Santai County (Tongchuan Mansion), Leshan City (Jiading Mansion), Yibin City (Xuzhou Mansion), Xichang City (Ningyuan Mansion), Pingwu County (Long'an Mansion).

Fujian Putian City (Xinghua Prefecture), Changting County (Tingzhou Prefecture), Nanping City (Yanping Prefecture), Xiapu County (Funing Prefecture).

Qiongshan District, Haikou City, Hainan Province (Qiongzhou Mansion).

Guangxi Hepu County (Lianzhou Mansion), Lingyun County (Sicheng Prefecture), Yishan County (Qingyuan Prefecture), Guiping City (Xunzhou Prefecture).

Maoming City, Guangdong Province (Gaozhou Prefecture).

Yunnan Fengqing County (Shunning Mansion), Baoshan City (Yongchang Mansion), Jianshui County (Lin'an Mansion), Wenshan City (Kaihua Mansion).

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