Pepper is a shallow root crop, and the regeneration ability of the taproot is weak. In the planting process, if due to improper field management, it will often affect the growth of the root system, resulting in poor plant growth, affecting fruit set, and the phenomenon of "three falls". In most cases, after the pepper sets fruit, the root system will slowly become problematic, and eventually the plant will senescence prematurely, which will affect the yield. So what measures should be taken to promote the growth of pepper roots before it enters reproductive growth?
1. Do not hurt the roots when transplanting.
Pepper has the characteristics of taproot damage and cannot regenerate, so the seedlings should generally be raised in a nutrient bowl, and the root system should be intact when transplanting. If the seedling tray or other methods are raised, the root system should not be injured as much as possible when transplanting.
2. Regulate fertilizer and water to promote strong roots.
Pepper has a weak root system, is not drought tolerant, nor waterlogging, and has a weak ability to absorb water and fertilizer, but in addition, the plant is large, the leaves are many, the amount of fruit is large, and the nutrients needed are also a lot.
To this end, at the same time of loosening the soil, apply more organic fertilizer, generally apply 5 square meters of high-quality soil miscellaneous fertilizer per mu, or 300 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, less chemical fertilizer, 60 80 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Increase the content of soil organic matter, so that the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced. This not only satisfies the nutrient needs of fruit growth, but also does not damage the root system.
When watering, we should follow the principle of a small number of times, watering should be watered thoroughly at one time, using the root system, if the root system can not be watered, it will only grow in a wet place, can not be rooted, and the expansion range is small, resulting in underdeveloped root system and poor resistance. Drip irrigation is recommended for watering, and the water is evenly distributed, and the water and fertilizer will slowly seep into the soil. If the sprinkler irrigation method is used, the water output is too large, and there is no time to infiltrate downward, and there is already water accumulation on the planting tank, there is less oxygen around the root system, and the fertilizer concentration is high, and the pepper will have roots and dead trees. In order not to damage the root system, do not use organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed, and do not use excessive chemical fertilizer, so as not to burn the roots.
3. Prevention and control of root diseases.
The disease of pepper roots is also an important reason for damaging the root system and weakening the root system, which is mainly manifested as dead roots and rotten roots, which directly affects the growth of the root system. Common ones include root rot, stem base rot and blight. It occurs due to heavy stubble, or root damage and bacterial infection during planting. Therefore, in order to have a good root system, it is also important to prevent and control root diseases. We should start from the following aspects:
First, the substrate planting land should be avoided from reuse, or the soil should be disinfected before planting to reduce the incidence of disease at the seedling stage. Second, peppers should be shallow when planting seedlings, and should be watered after planting. If it is planted too deep and there is a wound at the base of the stem, the germs will take the opportunity to enter and cause disease. The third is to find the disease of the stem base and roots, and the prevention and control of the root irrigation with pesticides, the commonly used agents are methyl frost mildew, octychlor, etc., spraying the stem base.
Fourth, the use of functional rooting fertilizer.
After the pepper is planted and before flowering, measures should be taken to promote the growth of the root system and lay the foundation for the later fruit set. After planting from peppers, functional rooting fertilizers such as seaweed fertilizer and chitin are used for root irrigation.
5. Spray foliar fertilizer to protect leaves and roots.
The roots are deep and the leaves are not prematurely senescence, so as to promote the further expansion and renewal of the root system, and the roots and leaves promote each other, and the two are inseparable. Therefore, protecting the leaves from premature aging is also root nourishment. According to this, the use of foliar fertilizer from the pepper buds, so that the leaves do not senescence prematurely, there are kinds of foliar surfaces, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, functional water-soluble fertilizer and commercial foliar fertilizer can be used, the early stage is mainly nitrogen, and the fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium or trace elements is used in the middle and late stages.
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