"The river is vertical and horizontal, and the Beidou is horizontal and straight. "Since ancient times, the Big Dipper has been like a lighthouse in the heavenly river, guiding people to discern their direction. Today, in the vast starry sky, dozens of "Chinese stars" are shining brightly, benefiting thousands of households, and this is my country'sBeidou Satellite Navigation System
On January 10, 1994, the Beidou-1 project was officially established. Since 1994, when the decision was made to build an independent Beidou satellite navigation system, the Beidou project has gone through 30 years of continuous struggle. From the blueprint to the dream, under the strong leadership of the Chinese people and with the strong support of the people of the whole country, several generations of Chinese astronauts have completed the "three-step" strategic task, built an independent, open and compatible global satellite navigation system, and left a strong mark on the journey of building a space power and climbing the peak of science and technology, and wrote a magnificent chapter in the vast universe to hold up the Chinese dream with the aerospace dream.
From the Beidou-1 project to the realization of the Beidou-1 system from scratch, to the official provision of regional services by the Beidou-2 system, and then to the official completion and stable operation of the Beidou-3 system, the 30-year history of the Beidou project is reviewedThe people of the five institutes are committed to independent innovation and the pursuit of excellence, promoting the Beidou global satellite navigation system to shine in the vast starry sky and serving China and the world, and achieving "China's Beidou, the world's Beidou, and the first-class Beidou".
Xiongguan Mandao, long wind and waves
Thirty years of struggle have created a great power
Over the past 30 years, China's Beidou "three steps" have become more and more solid step by step and have been realizedFrom scratch, from existence to excellence, from regional to globalhas gone through an extraordinary journey.
Schematic diagram of the "three-step" development process of the Beidou system.
From scratch, there are many difficulties. In 1994,Beidou-1The project was approved, and the five institutes set up a team to carry out the research and development work in an all-round way. However, at that time, foreign countries blocked our technology, and domestic component manufacturers were not yet mature, so the development of Beidou-1 could only start in exploration. According to Academician Fan Benyao, chief designer of Beidou-1 of the Fifth Academy, localization started from the solar sail board of Beidou-1, "At that time, many satellites did not dare to go on, and Beidou was the first to 'eat crabs', and it was hard to do it." "After the localization of research is more difficult, whether it is the birth of the Dongfanghong No. 3 platform, or the key components that affect the long life, with the entrepreneurial spirit of self-reliance, the old generation of Beidou people represented by Li Zuhong and Fan Benyao, etc., have overcome one by one, and finally built the Beidou No. 1 system in 2000, making China the third country with an independent satellite navigation system after the United States and Russia.
In 2004,Beidou-2The project was approved, and the people of the Fifth Academy opened the development years of Beidou-2 with passion. In April 2007, the first Beidou-2 satellite was successfully launched, and China officially entered the era of Beidou-2 regional network deployment. Race against the space frequency declaration period, overcome technical difficulties one after another, and win the ...... of multiple Beidou satellitesOn December 27, 2012, the Beidou Satellite Navigation System officially provided regional services, and the Beidou System became one of the four major service providers of the international satellite navigation system.
Standing on the shoulders of the first two generations of constellations, the "third step" of China's Beidou is extremely firm. FaceBeidou-3In the high-density launch task of the project, under the strong leadership of the people of the Fifth Academy and the superiors, they have steadily promoted the research and development and launch tasks, and have been non-stop and all-out sprints to win the decisive battle of the global network. In November 2017, the first set of binary satellites of the Beidou-3 system was launched; In June 2020, in less than three years, the deployment of the Beidou-3 global navigation satellite system constellation was fully completed, providing global users with positioning, navigation, timing, global short message communication, and international search and rescue services.
The 55th Beidou navigation satellite was successfully launched.
On July 31, 2020, the general secretary personally announced"The Beidou-3 Global Navigation Satellite System was officially opened".This is an important milestone for China to climb the peak of science and technology and move towards a space power, a major contribution made by China to the construction of global public service infrastructure, and a major landmark strategic achievement of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
Self-reliance and overcoming obstacles
Embark on the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics
"The key core technology is not to come, not to buy, not to buy".The Beidou team of the Fifth Academy of Sciences is well aware of the importance of independent and controllable core technology, adheres to the research and development idea of localization, and through the exploration and practice of the third-generation Beidou system, it has finally lived up to the time and handed over a shining answer sheet.
Beidou-1 has realized the localization of basic core satellite products, such as:YesThe solar sail board for power distribution, the rotation mechanism of the control system, so that the body of Beidou Satellite has a "Chinese physique". Beidou-2 broke the technical blockade of foreign countries and conquered IsraelThe overall technology of navigation satellites and high-precision spaceborne atomic clocksA number of key technologies and products represented by the satellite navigation system make the "heart" of the satellite navigation system beat out of the "Chinese heart rate". Beidou-3 took the lead, starting the journey from running to leading, and taking the lead in proposing the first in the worldA new hybrid system for inter-satellite links in high and high orbits, formed with independent intellectual property rightsInter-satellite link network protocol, autonomous orbit determination, time synchronization and other system solutions, and achieved a 100% localization rate of Beidou navigation satellite stand-alone and key components.
We are running a marathon at a speed of 100 meters," Chi Jun, commander-in-chief of the Beidou-3 satellite, described the pace of Beidou's development. From the development and launch of 2 satellites by Beidou-1 for many years, to the realization of Beidou-3"Three and a half years and 30 stars".It is the embodiment of the continuous breakthrough in the research and development capabilities of the five institutes. This breakthrough comes from the valuable experience accumulated by the Fifth Academy of Sciences in the field of Beidou navigation satellite mass production over the years. The Fifth Academy of Sciences has continuously improved the ability of "aerospace intelligent manufacturing", and comprehensively optimized the process, innovated the development method and management method according to the characteristics of the batch development of Beidou satellitesIt has cultivated the ability of "faster, higher, and stronger" star-making, and has effectively supported the batch production and intensive launch of Beidou navigation satellites
Thirty years of trials and hardships, more than 10,000 days and nights to gather wisdom to tackle key problems, on the journey of Beidou development, the Beidou team of the Fifth Academy of Sciences is self-reliant, indignant and strongIt has overcome a large number of key core technologies, refreshed the "Chinese speed" again and again, demonstrated the "Chinese precision", and embarked on a path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics
Constantly condensed, constantly enriched
The Beidou spirit in the new era witnesses struggle and glory
At the completion and opening ceremony of the Beidou-3 global satellite navigation system held in July 2020, the general secretary emphasized: "Over the past 26 years, all the personnel involved in the development and construction of the Beidou system have risen to the challenge, dared to fight tough battles, continued to struggle, carried forward the spirit of 'two bombs and one satellite', and cultivatedBeidou spirit in the new era, to inherit and carry forward. ”
After 30 years of cultivating the universe and herding stars, weaving a huge net of the sky, the Beidou team has cultivated and carried it forward"Independent innovation, openness and integration, unity of mind, the pursuit of excellence".The spirit of Beidou in the new era. This is another spiritual monument erected by Chinese astronauts on the journey of building a scientific and technological power and a space power, inheriting and carrying forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite", and a precious spiritual wealth that is not only continuous in blood but also has the distinctive characteristics of the new era, inspiring the majority of scientific research workers to continue to climb the peak of science and technology.
Since the implementation of the Beidou project, the Beidou team of the Fifth Academy has always put the country first, continued to struggle, and interpreted the rich connotation of the Beidou spirit in the new era in practice. In the memory of Yang Hui, the commander-in-chief and chief designer of the Beidou-2 satellite, it is common for the team to work all night and find faults from subtle anomalies. "But at that time, everyone forgot what was difficult, and we faced one problem after another, and we kept putting forward ideas, constantly verifying, and constantly overturning, and so on and on and on, little by little. It is not an exaggeration to say that it was a time of 'burning passion'. "It is precisely because of the nourishment and infiltration of the Beidou spirit in the new era that the team has inexhaustible motivation, created extraordinary miracles, and written a chapter of struggle full of dedication and great love.
This is a team project, there are no individual heroes, and the success of the aerospace industry is the success of a team. Xie Jun, deputy chief designer of the Beidou-3 project and chief designer of the satellite, said. The Beidou spirit of the new era has witnessed the history of Beidou starry sky dreaming, and will continue to inspire the Beidou team of the Five Academies to work hard and move forward bravely on the new journey.
Since the completion of the global network in 2020, the BDS-3 global navigation satellite system has been providing highly stable, reliable, safe and high-quality spatio-temporal information services to the world. Over the past three years, the system has been running stably, and the quality of positioning, navigation and timing services has been widely praised by users around the world. Today, in addition to the navigation and positioning function, the Beidou system can also provide global short messages, regional short messages, search and rescue services, precision single point positioning and other services.
Forging ahead in the new era and new journey, the people of the Five Academies have worked hard and moved forward bravely to promote the continuous improvement of the service level of the system, so that the brand of "China Beidou" will be sharpened more vividly. In 2023, the first Beidou navigation satellite will be successfully launched, as a backup satellite and other satellites in orbit, it is of great significance to further improve the stability of the Beidou-3 system and achieve stable and improved service performance, laying a more solid foundation for the continuous development of Beidou navigation in the new era.
The first Beidou navigation satellite was successfully launched.
The years are turbulent, looking back. It has been 30 years since Beidou-1 started from scratch to Beidou-2 covering the Asia-Pacific region, and then to Beidou-3 to provide stable services for the world with a high-spirited global network. Under the strong leadership of the party, Beidou has embarked on a unique development path and made brilliant achievements in the field of navigation.
Looking to the future, there is no limit. On the new journey of comprehensively promoting the rejuvenation of a strong country with Chinese-style modernization, the people of the Five Academies will unremittingly and vigorously carry forward the Beidou spirit of "independent innovation, openness and integration, unity of mind, and pursuit of excellence" in the new era, and continue to explore for the construction of a more ubiquitous, more integrated, and more intelligent comprehensive space-time system while maintaining the stable operation of the Beidou system in orbit and developing the application of Beidou, and make new contributions to the development of the aerospace industry and the construction of a space power in the continuous struggle.
*: China Beidou Satellite Navigation System Official WeChat, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Official WeChat, Communication and Navigation Satellite General Department of the Fifth Academy of Sciences.
Editor: Su Jicong.
Editor-in-charge: Mao Lingye.
Producer: Pan Chen.