1. Project Introduction
The project of coordinated development of grain and tobacco to create a model of rural revitalization is located in Zhongheying Town, Kaiyuan City, with a total investment of 87,852200,000 yuan, construction planning circulation land 1140,000 acres, other supporting buildings cover an area of 19 acres, supporting the construction of tobacco seedling base, flue-cured tobacco house, road hardening, etc., the project adheres to the overall requirements of rural revitalization, deeply grasps the core essence of the new development pattern of "stabilizing grain with tobacco and promoting grain with tobacco", actively integrates tobacco production into the local agricultural development category, and builds the demonstration area into a model of coordinated development of grain and tobacco and a model of rural revitalization in tobacco areas, and circulates 1140,000 acres of land in the core area, carry out the "flue-cured tobacco + corn interplanting" rotation planting method, solve the problem that the subsidies for agricultural materials and agricultural machinery in the region are not in place, and the quantity and quality of the existing baking sheds can not meet the demand for flue-cured tobacco in the region.
Second, the project operation mode
Led by the Kaiyuan Municipal Party Committee and the Party Committee of Zhonghe Yingzhen, the Municipal Agricultural Investment Company will be promoted to carry out land circulation and farmers' land shares, and the land in the Heiguoshan area will be transferred140,000 acres with a term of 20 years. First, the flow of agricultural investment companies shall not be higher than 2,000 yuan per mu by the municipal agricultural investment company. The annual standard is rented to farmers, and they enjoy a land transfer subsidy of 300 yuan per mu, and planting cooperatives are established, and farmers become industrial workers under the independent operation model of agricultural investment companies. Second, peasant households are invested in land shares: peasant households are paid no more than 2,000 yuan per mu. The annual way of investing the land into the planting cooperative, the output value per mu is less than 2,000 yuan. When the annual guaranteed income, the municipal agricultural investment company will make up for it, and when it is higher than the guaranteed income, the cooperative will withdraw 10% of the operating and management expenses and dividends.
3. Background of project construction
1. Prevent the tendency of cultivated land to be "non-grain" and "non-agricultural".
Under China's current land system, there are three main ways of land non-farming: national construction occupies farmland, rural collective construction occupies farmland and rural individuals build houses to occupy farmland. "Non-grain" mainly means that farmers use arable land for the cultivation of non-food crops.
China has a large number of people and little land, so it cherishes cultivated land extraordinarily, but now there is still a phenomenon of a large number of occupied cultivated land used to build houses, and indiscriminate construction not only destroys cultivated land but also affects rural planning and development. Therefore, these phenomena must be curbed in a timely manner. It is forbidden to occupy permanent basic farmland to plant seedlings, turf and other plants used for greening and decoration and other plants that destroy the cultivated layer. Those who occupy cultivated land and permanent basic farmland for afforestation in violation of regulations shall not be verified for afforestation and shall not enjoy the financial subsidy policy.
Yunnan Province has also issued a number of policies such as "Yunnan Province to prevent cultivated land" non-grain "stable grain production work plan", tobacco is an important part of Yunnan's agriculture, is an important pillar industry of agricultural and rural economy in Yunnan tobacco area, and promoting the coordinated development of grain and tobacco is an inevitable requirement for the implementation of the "non-grain" deployment of cultivated land. Efforts should be made to stabilize policies, areas, and outputs, continuously consolidate and improve the comprehensive production capacity of grain, effectively improve the level of ensuring food security and the effective supply of important agricultural products, ensure that the grain planting area is not reduced, production capacity is increased, and output is not reduced, and the red line of cultivated land is adhered to.
2. Yunnan Province vigorously develops the pillar industry of tobacco to ensure the stability of tobacco.
The work report of Yunnan Province proposes to reshape the new advantages of pillar industries, promote the optimization and upgrading of the tobacco industry, and consolidate and enhance the dominant position of a strong province with high-quality tobacco leaves. Tobacco is the unique competitiveness of Yunnan Province, after years of development, a unique "tobacco economic model" has been developed in the land of central Yunnan. Flue-cured tobacco has become an eye-catching business card in Yunnan, and has become a "leading leaf" that leads economic development and drives farmers to get rich.
In recent years, with the adjustment of the structure of agricultural industry in various places, vegetables, flowers, fruits, medicinal materials and other characteristic industries have been emerging, and the comparative benefits of tobacco planting have been declining year by year. These include the industry's strict control of the planting scale, the potential for tobacco income and the narrowing of space; The cost of tobacco production has risen, and the comparative efficiency of tobacco planting has declined; Problems such as the lack of ability of tobacco farmers to independently develop new industries and new forms of business need to be solved urgently. As of this year, the number of tobacco farmers has decreased by 335%, and the loss of basic tobacco fields was 378%, the reform of the tobacco industry is imminent.
In 2019, Yunnan Province formulated a number of policies such as "Several Policies and Measures to Support the High-quality Development of the Tobacco Industry in Yunnan Province" to fully support the deepening of reform, continue to enhance brand advantages, further strengthen the advantages of raw materials, strengthen the stable development of core tobacco areas, vigorously develop green tobacco leaves, focus on stabilizing the tobacco farmer team, and create a good development environment.
At the beginning of the year, Vice Governor Yang emphasized at the meeting that tobacco production should be included in the overall situation of heavy agriculture and grain, stabilize grain with tobacco, promote grain with tobacco, rotate tobacco and grain, and develop in an integrated manner, and establish a high-level "tobacco + N" modern agricultural industrial system, so as to ensure national food security and promote the revitalization of rural industries. He also pointed out that Academician Zhu Youyong has done a demonstration of the promotion of interplanting corn after smoking in Chuxiong, and the effect and response are very good.
3. Yunnan Province vigorously develops animal husbandry, and the demand for feed is rising.
Yunnan is rich in livestock and poultry genetic resources, with 72 livestock and poultry genetic resources included in the National List of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources (2021 Edition), accounting for 76%, ranking first in the country, with the resource advantage of local characteristics of livestock and poultry germplasm development and utilization.
With the formal signing of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), our province has integrated into the world's largest regional free circle and the two most densely populated and most active animal product sales markets in the southeast and southwest regions of the country, and the international and domestic animal product consumption markets are more closely linked. In order to give full play to the geographical advantages, make use of the "two resources" and "two markets" at home and abroad, deeply integrate into the new development pattern of "dual circulation", and lay a solid foundation for the high-quality development of animal husbandry.
The policy guarantee is in place, the provincial party committee and the provincial government regard animal husbandry as a pillar industry for the prosperity of the rural economy, a strategic industry to ensure the basic livelihood of the people, and a wealthy industry to promote rural revitalization. Promote the high-quality development of animal husbandry at a high level.
The goal is that by 2025, the province's animal husbandry production capacity will continue to improve, the efficiency and competitiveness of the pig and beef cattle industries will be significantly improved, the industrial chain will be continuously optimized, the industrial quality, quality and efficiency will be continuously enhanced, and the green development mechanism will operate effectively. The comprehensive production capacity of animal husbandry and the best guarantee capacity have been comprehensively improved, and the province's meat output has reached 5 million tons, milk output of 750,000 tons, and poultry egg output of 450,000 tons, and the main livestock and poultry products have fully achieved self-sufficiency. We will continue to optimize the structure of livestock and poultry products, increase the proportion of beef and mutton consumption in meat products by 2 percentage points, and increase the proportion of consumption of poultry meat, poultry eggs, and aquatic products by 5 percentage points.
Thanks to the key support and training of animal husbandry in Yunnan Province, the demand for feed industry has also increased, and the market prospect is broad.
Fourth, the necessity of project construction.
1. Ensure tobacco planting and promote the integration of planting and breeding industries.
Flue-cured tobacco is a typical crop that should not be cropped, and long-term continuous cropping will bring obvious adverse effects to the soil and growth of flue-cured tobacco. This project is circulating in Zhongheying Town140,000 acres of land in the core area, carry out "flue-cured tobacco + corn intercropping + soybean" flue-cured tobacco rotation planting, solve the problem that the subsidies for agricultural materials and agricultural machinery in the region are not in place, and the number and quality of the existing baking sheds cannot meet the demand for regional flue-cured tobacco, so as to form a tobacco-based and farmer-based planting body, supporting large-scale breeding and sales, creating a combination of planting and breeding mode, promoting the stability of the tobacco area, and driving the income of farmers in the region through the project.
2. Promote farmers' income.
This project is an agricultural project, which can be recruited from local farmers and herdsmen, so that farmers and herdsmen can be transformed into industrial workers, and their income can be increased by paying labor remuneration. In addition, the project can promote the formation of related industries, such as organic fertilizer, feed and other industries, promote the adjustment of local agricultural structure, promote the combination of planting and breeding, and improve the income of local farmers and herdsmen through characteristic industries.
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