Half a month ago, 56-year-old Ms. He often appearedAbdominal pain, diarrhea symptomsShe thought it was caused by unhygienic eating, so she didn't pay much attention to it, thinking that after improving her eating habits, her symptoms would improve.
However, in the past two days, Ms. He suddenly appearedBloody stools and feverAt this moment, she felt that things might not be as simple as she imagined, and she was afraid that she would suffer from a more serious disease, so she went to the hospital for further diagnosis and treatment.
At the time of consultation, the doctor found that the abdomen was soft on examination, there was no tenderness and rebound tenderness, but there were bowel sounds, combined with Ms. He's clinical symptoms, the preliminary diagnosis wasIntestinal polyps, admitted to the hospital**, and the next step of the examination is performed to confirm the diagnosis.
After being admitted to the hospital, Ms. He cooperated with preoperative examinations such as blood routine and electrocardiogram, and it was clear that there were no contraindications to surgery, so she underwent colonoscopy and found that the ascending colon and transverse colon were 03×0.There are 3 flat polyps of about 3 cm in total, and polyps can be removed directly under colonoscopy considering that the polyps are small.
After communicating with Ms. He to obtain consent, the doctor performed endoscopic polyp high-frequency electroresection to completely remove the polyp and perform electrocoagulation to stop the bleeding**.
The operation was relatively successful, and intravenous infusion of ceftriaxone sodium for injection was given after surgery to prevent infection.
After 5 days of hospitalization, Ms. He recovered well and was in stable condition, and she could be discharged home to recuperate, and the doctor instructed her to go to the hospital for re-examination after 3 months, and then pay attention to regular colonoscopy once a year to prevent intestinal polyps**.
Doctors remind that intestinal polyps are mostly caused by chronic inflammation and genetic factors, and poor lifestyle habits and aging can also induce intestinal polyps.
Generally, intestinal polyps are relatively small and can be carried out directlyColonoscopyIf the intestinal polyp continues to enlarge or malignant transformation occurs if it is not timely**, open surgery** or even chemoradiotherapy is required, so it is recommended that patients should seek medical attention in time once they have changes in bowel habits and abdominal discomfort.
The intestine is the largest digestive organ in the human bodyIt is the longest section of the digestive tube, including the small intestine structure of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, as well as the large intestine structure of the cecum, colon and rectum.
The intestinal tract is not only responsible for the absorption of nutrients, but also shoulders the responsibility of blocking bacteria and waste from entering the human body, has abundant nerve cells, can judge independently, and give orders to the body, at the same time it is very sensitive to external stimuli, overeating, mental stress, etc. will make the intestine produce an "emotional" reaction, and then affect the digestive system, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and other uncomfortable symptoms.
With the popularity of colonoscopy during physical examinations,Intestinal polypsIncreasingly appears in physical examination reports, according to relevant studies,More than 90% of bowel cancers are caused by malignant transformation of intestinal polyps.
The whole process from polyp to cancer is very long, taking at least 5 to 10 years, and if it can be detected in time at this time, the risk of cancer can be greatly reduced.
Where do intestinal polyps usually grow in the intestine?
The so-called intestinal polyp generally refers to polyps in the duodenum, small intestine, colon and rectum, which are abnormal growth tissues protruding from the surface of the intestinal mucosa.
In layman's terms, it is the growth of some fleshy bumps on the intestine, which are collectively called polyps before the pathological nature is determined.
Intestinal polyps are usually found in the colon and rectum, and less commonly in the small intestine.
While colon polyps occur at sites that can usually occur in the whole colon, such as cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, etc., butMost colon polyps occur in the left colon
Why is this happening? It is mostly related to these 3 factors:
1.Location:The stool of the human body has basically been absorbed in the left colon, and the stool formation and hardness of the left colon are relatively high.
2.Time:The stool stays in the rectum, sigmoid colon, and descending colon for a relatively long time, making the left colon more likely to develop colon polyps or colon cancer.
3.Medication stimulus: Patients with constipation have a longer bowel cycle, and if they often take laxative drugs such as Chinese patent medicine, they may also irritate the intestines and are more likely to produce colon polyps.
Therefore, when doctors do colonoscopy, they will pay more attention to the patient's left colon, which is an area with a relatively high incidence.
In some special cases, such as in patients with Lynch syndrome, colon polyps and colon adenomas usually occur in infrequent sites, such as the colonic splenic area or the right colon or cecum area.
If there are polyps in the intestines, there may be 4 symptoms in the body
The symptoms of intestinal polyps are closely related to the size and number of intestinal polypsWhen there are few or small intestinal polyps, such as polyps that are only a few millimeters in size, the patient generally does not have special symptoms in this case, because the polyps are not particularly rich in local blood vessels, and the stool will not have much impact on the polyps themselves during the movement.
However, there may be some symptoms if there are more polyps, larger ones, or if the polyps themselves are stimulated by the outside world and cause bleeding
1.Changes in stool habits and consistency:This is one of the most common symptomatic manifestations in patients, such as:Produce mucus stool, bloody stool, increased frequency of stool, and a feeling of incomplete bowel movementsThese irregular bowel movements may be a sign of polyps and should be taken seriously if similar changes occur over a long period of time.
2.Blood in the stool: Blood in the stool is also a typical manifestation of intestinal polypsWhen intestinal polyps are rubbed in the intestine through fecal rubbing, they can produce bleeding, and dark red bloody fluid can be seen with the naked eye, and they can also be seen under the microscope to be positive for fecal occult blood.
3.Abdominal pain:When intestinal peristalsis suddenly accelerates, blood or intestinal inflammatory things can pass through the intestines, which can speed up intestinal peristalsisYou may experience crampy abdominal pain, which is very intense for a while and may be relieved after a while
4.Polyp prolapse: A pedunculated polyp located at the lower end of the rectum can come out during defecation**, and is bright red, round or cherry-shaped, and can recover on its own after defecation；Sessile polyps can only be detected by anal finger and ** endoscopy.
What kind of polyps are prone to cancer?
Polyps include neoplastic and non-neoplastic, the former is also known as adenoma, which is closely related to the occurrence of cancer and is a precancerous lesion, nonneoplastic polyps are not associated with the development of cancer.
In other words, not all polyps become cancerous!
Adenomous polyps are skin dysplasia on the large intestine, which is stimulated by various factors to cause cell death and disorder, and may become cancerous over time.
Adenomous polyps are further divided into tubular adenomatous polyps, villous adenomatous polyps, and tubular villous adenomatous polypsThe incidence of carcinogenesis is highest in villous adenomatous polyps, which can be as high as 50%, and the carcinogenesis rate of tubular adenomatous polyps is about 25%.The rate of cancerous transformation of tubular villous adenomatous polyps is about 30%.
In addition to the above adenoma, ifHave had familial multiple adenomatous polyposis for 10 years or moreIf you don't do any intervention**, then the cancer rate can reach 100%.
Therefore, if you have a family history of intestinal polyps, you must pay attention to it and go to the hospital regularly even if you have no symptomsColonoscopy
If you don't want polyps to turn into bowel cancer, you should eat less of the 3 foods
1.High-fat foods:A high-fat diet can produce a large amount of bile acid, and bile acid metabolites are a polypogenic or even carcinogenic factor after entering the intestines, so try to avoid high-fat foods, such as meat, fried foods, animal offal, etc., and eat more vegetables, fruits and whole grains.
2.Processed meats:For example, sausages, bacon, hot dogs, etc. contain a large amount of nitrite and nitrate, which can react with bacteria to form nitrosamines, which can be converted into carcinogens in the intestines.
3.High Sugar Foods:High-sugar foods, especially processed sugar and high-fructose corn syrup, may also be associated with the formation of intestinal polyps, and if too much sugar is consumed, it can lead to an imbalance in the intestinal flora, increasing the burden on the intestines, which in turn increases the risk of intestinal inflammation and polyps.