Qin Shi Huang suffered four assassinations in his life, what grudges were hidden behind these assassinations?
Although the profession of emperor was a high-risk profession in ancient imperial societies, most of them were the result of power struggles, and the possibility of actual assassination was relatively small. However, Qin Shi Huang, as the first emperor in Chinese history, is known as the emperor with the most assassinations, and there have been four assassinations clearly recorded in history alone, so what kind of resentment and hatred are hidden behind these assassinations?
The first assassination of Jing Ke: to prevent the destruction of the Qin State.
At the end of the Warring States period, the Qin state was stronger than the Six Kingdoms. After the king of Qin eliminated the Chang Yu and Lü Buwei groups, he used Li Si to divide the princes and further collapse the vassal states. The Qin state then launched a war of annihilation, destroying Han and Zhao in the 17th year of Qin (230 BCE) and the 18th year of Qin (229 BC), respectively, and Yan began to be threatened by the Qin army's approach to Yishui.
Seeing that Yan would face an attack by Qin at any time, some ministers suggested that Prince Dan unite the three kingdoms of Qi, Chu, and Wei to fight against Qin. However, as a hostage of Qin, Crown Prince Dan knew that there was no point in doing so, so he decided to send assassins to force King Yingzheng of Qin to return the land he had occupied, or else he would be executed. To this end, Prince Dan approached his bodyguard, Jing Ke, and told him that if he wanted to get close to the King of Qin, he must present the head of the rebel general Fan Yuzhi of the Qin State and a map of the capital of the Yan Kingdom.
In the twentieth year of the reign of King Qin (227 BC), Jing Ke went to Xianyang as an envoy of the Yan Kingdom, and Qin Wuyang was the envoy, taking the map of the Yan Kingdom, the head of Fan Yuzhi and the poisonous shotgun to meet the King of Qin. However, due to Qin Wuyang's retreat, Jing Ke had to go to see the King of Qin alone. Jing Ke held a shotgun in one hand and stretched out to King Qin with the other, wanting to assassinate King Qin, but was escaped by Yingzheng, and King Qin was forced to go around the pillar. After Ying Si was stabbed, he was killed by the Qin soldiers who rushed into the palace.
After Jing Ke's assassination of Qin failed, the king of Qin became angry and sent the general Wang Jian to attack Yan and capture the Yan capital Jicheng. Yan Wangxi and Prince Dan fled to Liaodong and were pursued by Li Xin's army.
Second, Gao Yuanli was killed: revenge for Jing Ke's death.
Gao Yanli was born in Yan at the end of the Warring States Period, was good at percussion instruments, and was a good friend of Jing Ke before his death. They often drank together, and after three rounds of drinking, Gao gradually left to play percussion, and Jing Ke sang. Gao gradually left Jing Ke to accompany Prince Yan Dan to kill Qin Liyan on the bank of the Yishui River. Gao gradually left to play percussion, and Jing Ke sang"The wind is sluggish and the water is cold, and the strong man will never return"。
After Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, Gao Yanli was ordered to arrest the enemy Qin's people, including Yan Dai Zidan and Jing Ke's **. In desperation, he had no choice but to change his name and live in seclusion as a waiter in a family in Songzi. One day, Gao Yuanli heard the guests of the host's house playing drums, and he couldn't help but talk about it. The people around him told the master, and the master asked Gao to leave the drums, and everyone applauded, and the master treated him as a distinguished guest, and asked him to play the drums and sing from time to time.
As time passed, Gao's fame gradually spread, and the people of the Song Kingdom invited him as a guest. That's right"The tree is a big move", Gao's fame grew bigger and bigger, and it reached the ears of Qin Shi Huang. When Qin Shi Huang heard about it, he sent someone to summon him, so he was called Gao Yuanli, that is, Gao Yuanli Hunter. However, Qin Shi Huang admired his talent, and seeing that he was indeed good at architecture, he pardoned him for capital crimes, but blinded him and let him stay in the palace as a musician.
From time to time, Gao managed to get close to Qin Shi Huang. In order to avenge Jing Ke and get rid of this humiliating life, Gao gradually left a building in the building, and when he hit the building for Qin Shi Huang again, he suddenly lifted the building and smashed it at Qin Shi Huang, but failed due to blindness. Gao was captured by the samurai and finally executed by order of Qin Shi Huang.
Zhang Liang's third assassination of Qin: The hatred of the country.
Zhang Liang was born into a noble family in Korea, and his father and grandfather were ministers of the five kings of Korea: his grandfather Zhang Kaidi was a minister of Han Zhaohou, Han Xuanhui and Liaoxiang, and his father Zhang Ping was a minister of Xiangli and Jinghui. After the fall of Korea, Zhang Lingling deeply felt the hatred of the destruction of the country and the death of the family, and decided to assassinate Qin Shi Huang.
Zhang Liang studied etiquette and music in Huaiyang, during which he became acquainted with Canghaijun. They planned to assassinate Qin Shi Huang. Of course, it was very difficult to enter the palace to assassinate Qin Shi Huang, but at that time Qin Shi Huang often traveled with patrols, so they finally decided to assassinate Qin Shi Huang on the way. Later, Zhang Liang's brother died, and there was no place to bury him, so Zhang Liang spent all the family's money, asked Hercules to make him a sledgehammer weighing 120 mules, and then sent someone to spy on Qin Shi Huang's route.
In the twenty-ninth year of Qin Shi Huang (218 BC), Qin Shi Huang went on another crusade to the east. When his team was about to arrive in Yangwu County, Zhang Liang finally chose Bolangsha as the assassination location, and before reaching Yangwu County, he had to pass through Bolangsha. However, Qin Shi Huang had long been prepared for repeated assassinations, although his chariot was ready"The Son of Heaven has six cars"as a feature, but he also prepared several auxiliary chariots drawn by six horses, which were often replaced.
Zhang Liang couldn't figure out which car belonged to Qin Shi Huang. He saw that the car in the middle was the most luxurious, so he asked Hercules to smash it hard, and the 120-kilogram hammer smashed the driver to the ground, and Zhang Liang and Hercules took advantage of the chaos to escape from the reeds. However, Hercules only smashed the auxiliary car with a hammer, and Qin Shi Huang was not in the car. Qin Shi Huang then ordered the world to search for Zhang Liang for ten days, but because there was no trace, Zhang Liang was lucky"Escape"。
Fourth, the orchid pond was stolen: the cause is unknown.
Most people have heard of the first three assassinations because they are more famous, but not many people have heard of the fourth assassination. Historical Records - Qin Shi Huang Benji" says:"December 31 .The first emperor traveled slightly in Xianyang, and the four warriors, met the Lanchi from the thief at night, and was ashamed, the warrior killed the thief, and looted in Guanzhong for 20 days"。
According to records, on December 31, the first year of Qin Shi Huang (214 BC), Qin Shi Huang passed through Xianyang with four lightly armored guards and encountered the Assassins at Lanchi, but the assassination attempt failed, and all the Assassins were killed on the spot. After this incident, Qin Shi Huang ordered a 20-day mourning in Guanzhong. However, due to limited historical records, it is not known who the Assassin was and who led it.
According to research, the orchid pond should be twenty-five miles east of Xianyang County, Qin Shi Huang built the orchid pond palace here, the pond water is tortuous, the water potential is huge, the mountains and rivers reflect each other, the palace pavilions are scattered, it is really a good garden. Another theory, Lanchi Palace may be near Yangjiawan in the northeast of Xianyang City today, where there is an artificial lake, pleasure boats can ripple in the lake, and at the same time there are Penglai Mountain, whale stone and other landscapes, Qindu Xianyang is close at hand, there are royal amusement places, at the end of Qin, Lanchi Palace was destroyed.
Although some people think that the "Qin Shi Huang Benji" recorded once"Encounter ghosts", but he must have encountered a thief, not a murderer. However, "Historical Records - The Biography of Zhang Lianglie" also records the affairs of Zhang Liang ** Qin Shi Huang,"King Yang Wu Bo was embarrassed as a thief", stating at the time"Thief"Also refers to murderers.
As the first emperor in history, Qin Shi Huang established the first unified dynasty in history, and faced a series of problems such as institutional reform, cultural conflicts, and national identity. Although the history books only record the above four assassinations, Qin Shi Huang may face far more than these four assassinations.