Hold one's head high! The Beidou Satellite Navigation System has finally broken the GPS monopoly and has been accepted and recognized by international civil aviation!
You must know that in the past half century, the United States GPS is the only standard used by international civil aviation, and after the Beidou standard is accepted, the single-day positioning volume alone is as high as 450 billion, and 137 countries around the world are vying to establish cooperation with China.
Previously, the Nikkei Asian Review had **:"GPS's dominance of the global navigation system is being shaken. ”
Now that it looks like the era of GPS exclusivity may really be coming to an end. So how did Beidou become internationally recognized? What happened in the meantime?
In the process of the development of world civilization, whether in human society or animal society, bullying the weak and eating the weak have always been the eternal law of the jungle.
The same is true for a country, if it lacks the necessary key technologies, we will become fish on the board and be "slaughtered".
The Beidou satellite navigation system has grown up in a similar context. A series of events, such as the Yinhe incident and the Iraq defeat, have hammered a hammer to New China. As a result, China officially started the construction of Beidou-1 in 1994.
However, due to the technical gap, China's early research and development road is difficult, in order to catch up with the pace of developed countries as soon as possible, China also invests 2700 million euros of scientific research funds to participate in the Galileo project in Europe, hoping to learn some core technologies in the field of satellites through cooperation.
However, China has "paid the tuition" and still has nothing to gain, and many core technology research and development excludes China. It was this experience that made my country realizeThe development of satellite navigation systems can never be relied upon by others, and only self-reliance can move forward.
As a result, China's scientific research personnel have embarked on a path of independent knowledge research and development in the spirit of not breaking or standing, and the facts have proved that this choice is correct.
With the joint efforts of all scientific researchers, China has successively broken through more than 500 key technologies such as high-precision spaceborne atomic clocks, independent orbit determination, and inter-satellite links, and achieved 100% localization of key satellite components.
Finally, with the launch of Beidou-3 in 2020, Beidou ushered in the global network and became the fourth largest satellite navigation system in the world.
On November 16, 2023, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System was officially adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), becoming the third internationally recognized GNSS standard after GPS and GLONASS.
Some people may wonder why another standard is accepted when there is a common blessing of GPS and GLONASS standards, and why is it not Galileo or other countries' navigation but our country's Beidou?
First of all, let's talk about the problems of Galileo in Europe, in order to get rid of the situation of being controlled by others, the European Union started the Galileo project as early as 1999.
Galileo's original goal was to replace GPS by creating a global satellite navigation system that was more advanced and reliable than GPS.
However, the fact shows that this is not easy, because Galileo is a joint project of various countries, which means that there are very many countries involved.
Of course, this is also an advantage of better R&D, but such a situation will inevitably lead to a conflict of ownership and interests of national programs.
On the other hand, in order to maintain the important position of GPS, the United States is certainly unwilling to see the birth of Galileo, which puts a lot of pressure on the EU.
All these factors have made the Galileo project not very smoothly carried out, so that although the Galileo satellite navigation system has completed the global networking, there are still many problems.
For example, in 2019, Galileo had a situation where the ground operation control system failed, causing the service to be suspended, causing the satellite to stop operating for a week.
In addition, Galileo's satellites in orbit have frequent problems, and China's National Time Service Center has detected time anomalies in the Galileo system on more than one occasion. As a result, Galileo would not be on ICAO's radar.
Other countries, such as India's IRNSS and Japan's QZSS, have made some achievements in recent years, but they are still far from meeting ICAO's requirements and will therefore not be taken into account.
In addition, the reason why the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has a GPS standard is still choosing to adopt the Beidou standard is very simple.
That is, ICAO has also been fed up with the GPS blackmail of the United States, and many civil aircraft have been interfered with or "spoofed" by GPS.
In the case of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) deliberately created GPS "spoofing" and sent false GPS signals in order to disorient Palestinian missiles.
However, this also affected the navigation and positioning of civil airliners in the region, causing the aircraft to deviate.
It is worth mentioning that GPS "deception" and jamming mainly occur in areas where most of the war is frequent, and if the interfered aircraft is careless, it may deviate into the no-fly zone and cause irreversible consequences.
As a result, the ICAO was deeply criticized and disappointed with GPS, and it was at this time that China took the Beidou satellite to the forefront of the world stage.
According to the data of the international GNSS monitoring and evaluation system, the global horizontal positioning accuracy of the Beidou system can be maintained in the range of about 3 meters, which is much higher than the civil accuracy of GPS 10 meters, which can better carry out positioning work for civil aviation.
The anti-jamming capability that the ICAO is most concerned about, Beidou is also far ahead of GPS, because in addition to the multi-frequency technology that is commonly used in the world, Beidou has also added multi-beam and multi-antenna technology to enhance the anti-jamming capability.
In addition, the short message communication service used by Beidou can locate the navigation signal through an independent communication link when it is jammed or spoofed. This service is applied to the civil aviation system, and the aircraft can upload information messages every ten minutes.
In this way, even if a civil airliner encounters signal jamming and signal spoofing again, it can carry out satellite navigation work normally, and there will never be a situation of yaw entering a dangerous area.
In addition, in order to maintain the stability of the operation of the Beidou satellite navigation system, China has developed the "Kuaizhou" series of rockets, when there is a problem with the Beidou satellite, the "Kuaizhou" rocket will respond immediately, which greatly guarantees the normal operation of the satellite, and this is also a point that the International Civil Aviation Organization is very favored.
All in all, the international acceptance of the Beidou standard is a mutually beneficial and win-win situation between China and the International Civil Aviation Organization, because it not only injects new goals and vitality into the development of Beidou in China, but also provides a solid guarantee for the healthy development of the world's civil aviation industry.
At the same time, the rise of the Beidou satellite navigation system has also made an important contribution to the world getting rid of GPS hegemony and promoting world peace, so it is not difficult to understand why after the advent of the Beidou satellite navigation system, there will be 137 countries and regions that want to cooperate with China immediately.
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3] Webo. The History of God's Finger GPS (II) [J].Auto Maintenance Technician, 2007(B04):60-63