3.6. Emergency plan for mechanical injury accidents
3.6.1 Scope of Application
This plan is applicable to the emergency rescue of mechanical injury safety accidents during the construction of the project.
Purpose of preparation
In order to prevent and reduce the loss of personnel and property in the accident of bridge construction machinery, promote the stable improvement of the safety production situation of our department and summarize the experience and lessons of safety production work, clarify the major problems and priorities of the safety production work of the unit, put forward the ideas and methods of accident prevention, fully implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first", and take targeted rescue measures to prevent the further expansion of the accident and reduce the loss of personnel and property, this plan is formulated.
3.6.3 Basis for compilation
Work Safety Law of the People's Republic of China
Guidelines for the Preparation of Emergency Plans for Major Accidents
Knowledge of emergency rescue plan preparation
3.6.4 Principles of emergency rescue
1 Be always prepared.
2. Unified command, hierarchical responsibility, region-based, unit self-help and social rescue combined.
3 Swift and accurate.
3.6.5 Basic information of the project).
The *** project undertaken by our department ((k0+000 k54 946.)424)) section, mechanical and electrical, traffic security, greening and housing construction projects, located in Shaanxi Province *** and ***, length of 54946 km, for the highway, the terrain is gentle.
3.6.6. Surrounding environment and community situation
This section is flat, the line is in the middle of Provincial Highway 204 and Shenyan Railway, and the area is mainly farmland, villages, and coal mines.
3.6.7 Distribution of hazards
The main distribution of the hazards of falling from height safety accidents within the jurisdiction of the command:
1. Bored pile construction.
2. Construction of cushion cap and pier body.
3. Construction of cast-in-situ non-standard simply supported beams.
4 Rebar processing.
5. Concrete production and transportation of mixing station.
6. Beam prefabricated erection and bridge deck construction.
3.6.8 Expert Consultation System
Establish counterpart contact with the local government, and hire relevant experts and professional and technical personnel to form an expert advisory group to consult and guide the safety production management of our department. And the People's Hospital has established a rescue liaison and is responsible for the rescue consultation and guidance of the injury accident in our unit. At the same time, establish contact with the local fire and police stations, and regularly hire experts and professional and technical personnel to our unit for the prevention of mechanical injury accidents and other guidance on safety production issues.
3.6.9 Setup and responsibilities of the command structure
3.6.9.1. The headquarters set up a leading group for safety emergency rescue of mechanical injury accidents
Team Leader: **
Deputy Team Leader: **
Members: Heads of various departments of the headquarters, dispatchers, managers of various managers, chief engineers, and directors of safety and quality.
The team has an office, and the Chief of Staff: **
Contact**: Mobile***
3.6.9.2 Responsibilities
The leading group of the command after receiving the report of the accident:
1. According to the emergency rescue plan and the specific situation of the accident, take effective measures quickly and organize rescue;
2. Do everything possible to prevent the expansion of the accident and reduce the loss of personnel and property;
3. Strictly implement the relevant rescue procedures and regulations, strictly prohibit illegal command and risky operations in the rescue process, and avoid secondary and property losses in the rescue
4. It is necessary to protect the scene of the accident, and must not deliberately damage the scene of the accident or destroy relevant evidence.
3.6.10 Equipment and communication networks and means of contact
3.6.10.1. Always have first-aid equipment
Thermometers, blood pressure monitors, stethoscopes, ice packs, various disinfectants and articles, disposable syringes and infusion sets, first aid kits, stretchers, tourniquets, oxygen bags and various commonly used splints or plaster bandages, etc.
3.6.10.2. Communication equipment
The headquarters and the managers are equipped with mobile phones and fixed **, and are equipped with computers, printers, fax machines and broadband networks.
3.6.10.3. Contact information
1 **Contact.
Command: **
2 Fax contact.
Command: **
3 Internet contact: contact via the Internet.
4 Mobile phone contact: emergency response of the headquarters*** For details, please refer to 31.5.1。
3.6.11 Tasks and training of emergency rescue teams
3.6.11.1. Establishment of emergency rescue team
Each manager department shall set up an emergency rescue team as required and maintain the stability of the team.
3.6.11.2. The task of the emergency rescue team
1. When a sudden major safety accident occurs, the emergency rescue team should use all forces to quickly control the development of the accident and eliminate the accident as much as possible through the emergency rescue measures planned and formulated in advance, rescue and protect the life safety of on-site personnel and off-site personnel, and reduce the loss of personnel, property and environment caused by the accident to a minimum.
2 Basic tasks of the emergency rescue team:
1) Immediately organize the rescue of the victims;
2) Guide the masses to protect and organize the masses to evacuate;
3) Quickly control the source of danger, inspect and monitor the hazards caused by the accident, and determine the hazard area, nature and degree of hazard of the accident
4) Do a good job of on-site cleaning to eliminate harmful consequences;
5) Provide detailed information to relevant departments and media;
6) Keep relevant records and physical objects to prepare for the subsequent accident investigation;
7) Find out the cause of the accident and assess the degree of harm.
3.6.11.3. Training of emergency rescue teams
1. The basic tasks of emergency training are: to train and improve the rescue team's emergency rescue skills and comprehensive quality of emergency response in the event of an accident, such as rapid rescue and plugging of sources, timely rescue of the wounded, correct guidance and help the masses to protect and evacuate, effectively eliminate the harmful consequences, carry out on-site first aid and transfer of the wounded, and effectively reduce the hazards of accidents and reduce accident losses.
2 The main purpose of emergency training:
1) Test the adequacy of the plan and procedures, and expose the shortcomings of the plans and procedures before the accident occurs;
2) Testing of emergency installations, equipment and material resources** to identify lack of resources (including manpower and equipment);
3) Improve the coordination ability of emergency departments inside and outside the site;
4) Identify and correct the defects of the plan;
5) Improve public awareness of emergency response, and gain public recognition and confidence in the ability of unit emergency management;
6) Improve the level of coordination between the various response departments, departments and agencies;
7) Clarify each person's respective positions and responsibilities to enhance the proficiency and confidence of emergency response personnel
8) Improve overall emergency response capabilities.
3 Emergency rescue team training and basic content:
All units should adopt lectures, simulations, self-study, group training, interaction between trainees and teachers, and examinations to train emergency rescue teams. It is necessary to train emergency rescue personnel at different levels.
Basic content of the training:
1) Call the police. 2) Evacuation.
3) Rescue. 4) Command and coordination.
4. Emergency rescue drills.
1) Purpose: The purpose of the emergency rescue exercise is to improve the level of collaborative rescue and actual combat ability between rescue teams, and to test the comprehensive ability and operation of emergency rescue, so as to find problems, correct them in time, and improve the actual combat level of emergency rescue.
2) Type of exercise.
Basic Exercises Professional Exercises
Tactical Exercises: Exercises of your choice.
3) The method and content of the exercise.
Individual exercises: a. Communication, notification, and reporting procedures drills
b. Personnel centralized inventory of equipment and materials and equipment in place (loading) drill
c. Protective action drills
d. Medical rescue action drills
e. Fire action drills
f. Public information dissemination drills
Combined exercises;Full-scale exercises (integrated exercises).
The time of the exercise: each unit should conduct an emergency drill at least once a year, and during the drill, it should be carefully designed, carefully prepared, simulated the actual construction process, and arranged a variety of complex situations. Through drills, it is necessary to improve the organizational and command ability of responsible persons at all levels and the emergency rescue ability of workers and workers, and improve the emergency organization and emergency plan.
3.6.12. Measures to prevent mechanical accidents
1. All kinds of mechanical operators and vehicle drivers must obtain the operation certificate, and are not allowed to operate the machinery that does not conform to the certificate, and are not allowed to hand over the machinery and equipment to the personnel who do not have the machine operation certificate.
2. The operator must strictly implement the inspection system before work and the inspection and maintenance system after work in accordance with the provisions of the machine manual.
3. The cab or operation room should be kept clean and tidy, and it is strictly forbidden to store flammable and explosive materials, to operate the machinery after drinking, and to operate the machinery with illness or overload.
4. When the machinery and equipment are parked at the construction site, a safe parking place should be selected, and there should be a special person to take care of it at night.
5. Machinery started with a handle should pay attention to the handle inverted to hurt people. Fireworks are strictly prohibited when refueling machinery.
6. It is strictly forbidden to repair, maintain, adjust and other operations on the machinery and equipment in operation.
7. Command construction machinery operators must stand in a safe place that can be seen and clearly stipulate the command and contact signal.
8. For machinery that uses wire ropes, it is strictly forbidden to touch the wire rope with gloves or other objects during operation. When towing machinery or heavy objects with wire ropes, personnel should stay away from wire ropes.
9. The lifting operation shall be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the "Safety Technical Regulations for the Use of Construction Machinery" (JGJ33-86) and the "Safety Technical Operation Regulations for Construction and Installation Workers".
10. Regularly organize safety inspections of mechanical and electrical equipment and vehicles, investigate and deal with the safety problems found in the inspection in accordance with the principle of "three don't let go", and formulate preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of mechanical accidents.
11. The operator should strictly implement the signal of the commander, and should sound the signal before carrying out various actions.
12 When there is strong wind or heavy rain, heavy snow, fog and other bad weather above level 6, the crane should be stopped from operating in the open air.
13. The safety devices such as luffing indicators, torque limiters, and travel limit switches of the crane must be complete, sensitive, and effective. It is strictly forbidden to replace the operating mechanism with a limiting device.
14. When the crane is operating, no one shall stay and pass under the heavy object.
15. The operation must be carried out according to the specified lifting performance, and no overload operation and lifting of objects of unknown weight shall be allowed.
16. The hook and ring of the crane are strictly forbidden to be repaired, and they should be replaced under any of the following circumstances: the dangerous section and the hook neck are permanently deformedThere are cracks on the surface;The lanyard cross-sectional wear exceeds 10% of the height;The hook bushing is worn by more than 50% of the original thickness;The mandrel (pin) wears more than 3% of its diameter 5%.
3.6.13 Accident Handling
1. Accident reporting must implement the system reporting system, that is, the first manager of the accident site must immediately report to the first person in charge of the respective operation team, the safety technician must report to the safety and quality department of the headquarters, and the dispatcher must report to the headquarters to ensure that the information of each system is timely and accurate, so as to win time for the expansion of accident handling and elimination of losses, and the headquarters will report to the company and the local safety supervision bureau within 1 hour.
2 Accident Reporting Procedures.
1) Procedures for reporting engineering safety accidents.
2) Traffic accident reporting procedures.
3. Principles of investigation and handling of production safety accidents.
Seek truth from facts;Respect for science;Timely and accurate.
4 Accident Investigation and Handling Procedures:
Organize an investigation team, clarify tasks, divide labor, and rush to the scene as soon as possible to conduct an investigation. On the basis of the investigation, the cause of the accident is analyzed and preventive measures are proposed. Clarify responsibilities, put forward handling opinions to the responsible parties, fill in the investigation report, and close the case for filing.
* After the accident occurs, it should be investigated and dealt with as soon as possible in accordance with the principle of "four don't let go", so as to clarify the situation, find out the causes, distinguish responsibilities, learn lessons, take measures, improve work, and make the leaders and workers receive education from it to prevent similar accidents from happening again.
During the investigation, it is necessary to comprehensively and meticulously inspect the scene and listen to the statements of the parties, insiders, witnesses, and grassroots leadersIt is necessary to pay attention to the discovery of traces and the extensive collection of physical evidence;Detailed records should be taken, photographs, drawings and videos should be madeIt is necessary to keep abreast of the medical department's report on the situation;It is necessary to organize the planning, material, and accounting departments to submit analysis reports on economic lossesAs needed, ask the relevant departments for information on production, technology and equipment related to the accident;Organize technical appraisal and simulation tests, etc.
5 **Responsibilities of the Accident Investigation Team.
1) Find out the causes, processes and personnel of the accident, and economic losses;
2) Determine the nature of the accident and who is responsible;
3) Put forward the basis for dealing with the relevant responsible units or responsible persons for the accident and put forward suggestions on preventive measures;
4) Submit the accident investigation report signed by the members of the investigation team to the people's ** or work safety supervision and management department that dispatched the investigation team.
6 **Contents of the accident investigation report.
1) The time and place of the accident;
2) The unit where the accident occurred (including the name of the unit, the address, the affiliation, etc.) and the unit and the relevant personnel related to the accident;
3) The accident of the personnel and economic losses;
4) Analysis of the accident process and the cause of the accident;
5) Identification of accident responsibility and suggestions for dealing with the responsible person (responsible unit and responsible person);
6) Rectification and preventive measures;
7) The list of the person in charge of the investigation team and the members of the investigation team (signature), if necessary, should also attach the corresponding scientific appraisal materials to the accident investigation report.
7 Accident Handling.
1) When dealing with accidents, we should combine the provisions of the safety production responsibility system at all levels, distinguish the responsibility for the accident, and seriously deal with the responsible person.
2) Where accidents are caused by the following reasons, the relevant leaders and managers should be held responsible:
No one is responsible for the safety work, and the safety management is chaotic;The rules and regulations for safe production are not perfect, and the employees have no rules to follow;
Failure to carry out safety education and technical training for employees in accordance with the regulations, and workers are allowed to operate without passing the type of work examination
Failure to withdraw or use funds for safety technical measures in accordance with regulations;
New construction, reconstruction, expansion projects and technical transformation projects are not subject to the "three simultaneous" provisions;
There are no requirements for labor safety and health content and corresponding measures in the implementation of various economic contract responsibility systems;
The equipment exceeds the maintenance, inspection, and use period, and is overloaded and operated with illness
Failure to take active measures to eliminate the potential danger of accidents;
Lack of inspection or guidance errors on field work.
3) If the accident is caused by the following reasons, the direct responsibility and the main responsible person should be investigated
Illegal command, illegal operation, risky operation;
Dereliction of duty, violation of the responsibility system for safe production, violation of labor discipline;
Failure to report or take action in an emergency where there is a risk of an accident is detected;
Unauthorized use of machinery and equipment, unauthorized alteration, demolition, destruction, misappropriation of safety devices and equipment;
Failure to wear and use protective clothing and utensils in accordance with regulations;
Design and construction errors.
4) In the event of the following circumstances, administrative sanctions shall be given to the relevant leaders and directly responsible persons;If a crime is constituted, the judicial organs shall pursue criminal responsibility in accordance with law
After the accident occurred, intentionally destroying the scene of the accident, or concealing the accident and failing to report it, making a false report or deliberately delaying the report;
Refusal to submit to an investigation or to provide relevant information and information without justifiable reasons;
After the accident, the rescue was not actively organized and the rescue was not effective, so as to increase the loss of personnel and property
In the investigation of the accident, concealing the truth of the accident, falsifying, and even blaming others;
After the accident, the lesson is not seriously learned and preventive measures are taken, resulting in the recurrence of similar accidents
Illegal manufacturing, installation, and maintenance of special equipment resulting in personnel and property damage.
5) In the investigation and handling of ** accidents, dereliction of duty, favoritism or retaliation, the unit shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state;If a crime is constituted, the judicial organs shall pursue criminal responsibility in accordance with law
6) In the process of accident investigation and handling, the person responsible for the accident should be educated and given economic penalties, disciplinary sanctions and legal responsibility according to the severity of the circumstances and the consequences of the accident.
7) It is necessary to conscientiously do a good job in the aftermath of the accident, and give spiritual comfort and economic help to the first personnel and their families according to the national policy.
8 The materials to be archived shall include the following:
1) Employee ** accident registration form.
2) Investigation report and approval materials for employee death and serious injury accidents.
3) On-site investigation records, drawings, **
4) Technical appraisal and test report.
5) Physical evidence and human witness materials.
6) Direct and indirect economic loss materials.
7) Self-report materials of the person responsible for the accident.
8) Diagnosis certificate of the medical department for the first person.
9) Process conditions, operation conditions and design data in the event of an accident.
10) Punishment decisions and inspection materials of the sanctioned personnel.
11) Reports, briefings and documents related to accidents.
12) Indicate the name, position, and unit of the personnel participating in the accident investigation team.
13) The reply opinion of the accident handling approval authority.
14) Information related to the accident, in addition to textual information, also includes photographs (pictures), diskettes and microfiches, etc.
3.6.14. Project rescue and emergency repair
When the project is in danger, the emergency rescue plan should be started immediately, effective measures should be taken quickly, the emergency repair of the project should be organized, and the danger should be eliminated in a timely manner, so as to prevent the expansion of the accident and reduce the loss of personnel and property.
3.6.15 On-site medical care
1 Emergency**.
Ambulance**: 120
2 Items to keep on hand.
Thermometers, blood pressure monitors, stethoscopes, ice packs, disinfectants and articles, disposable syringes and infusion sets. First aid kits, stretchers, tourniquets, oxygen bags, and various commonly used splints or plaster bandages.
3. Each construction site should also be equipped with a variety of common first-aid drugs and disinfection supplies.
4 Construction site first aid concept and first aid steps.
1) On-site first aid concept.
On-site first aid: It is the application of first-aid knowledge and the simplest first-aid technology for on-site primary life-saving, to stabilize the injury and condition of the wounded and sick to the greatest extent, reduce complications, and maintain the most basic vital signs of the wounded and sick. Whether the on-site first aid is timely and correct is related to the life of the wounded and sick and the outcome of the injury.
The on-site first aid work also made necessary treatment and preparations for the next comprehensive treatment. For many serious work-related injuries and diseases, it is only by carrying out correct first aid on the spot, doing a good job of transferring the wounded and sick to the hospital in a timely manner, giving necessary supervision on the way, and reporting the condition of the injury and the process of on-site treatment to the attending doctor, so as to maintain the continuity of first aid, can we hope to improve the survival rate of some critically injured people. Only the wounded and sick have hope for life. If you wait for an ambulance or take the sick and wounded directly to the hospital, you will lose the lives of the sick and wounded by wasting the most critical rescue time.
2) First aid steps.
First aid is to provide emergency monitoring and treatment for the wounded and sick, to give the wounded and sick the greatest chance of survival, first aid must follow the following four first aid steps:
Investigate the scene of the accident to ensure that there is no danger to you, the sick or others, and to quickly remove the sick and injured from the dangerous place, especially on the construction site.
Preliminary examination of the wounded and sick, to determine whether there are problems with their consciousness, trachea, respiratory circulation, if necessary, immediately carry out on-site first aid and monitoring, so that the wounded and sick keep the respiratory tract unblocked, and take effective measures to stop bleeding, prevent shock, bandage wounds, fix, preserve severed organs or tissues, prevent infection, and relieve pain as appropriate.
Synchronous call for help. At the same time as the rescue, another person is sent to dial 120 to notify the ambulance personnel and vehicles, and continue to rescue until the ambulance personnel or other rescuers arrive at the scene to take over. At this time, the condition of the wounded and sick and the simple treatment process should also be reflected.
If no signs are found that endanger the casualty, a second examination may be done so as not to miss other injuries, fractures, and lesions. This is conducive to the implementation of necessary first aid and stabilization of the condition on the spot, and the reduction of morbidity and disability rates.
5. First aid treatment methods for accidents on the construction site.
1) Stop bleeding. Compression hemostasis: first elevate the injured limb, then cover the wound surface with sterile gauze or cotton pads, replace it with a clean handkerchief, towel or other cotton fabric at the scene, and then use a bandage or cloth strip to compress and bandage to stop bleeding.
Acupressure artery hemorrhage proximal end hemostasis: according to the bleeding site, the acupressure facial artery, common carotid artery, subclavian artery, femoral artery, and tibial anterior and posterior artery hemostasis are used. The method is simple, quick and effective, but not long-lasting.
2) Bandaging and fixation.
The wound is covered with a sterile dressing or clean medical gauze and then bandaged with a bandage or strip of cloth. In the case of limb fracture, the upper and lower joints of the injured part can be fixed with the help of bandages and splints, so as to reduce injury, reduce pain and prevent shock.
3) Handling. The wounded after hemostasis, bandaging, and fixation should be transported to the hospital as soon as possible.
When carrying a wounded person with severe trauma accompanied by massive bleeding or shock, the casualty should be transported on a flat bed, and ice packs can be placed on the head, and the journey should be avoided as much as possible**.
When carrying the wounded who fell from a height, if there is a possibility of spinal injury, the wounded must be carried flat on the hard board, and it is important not to carry the wounded only on the shoulders and legs of the wounded or on one shoulder. Failure to do so will result in serious consequences and even death.
3.6.16. Emergency and safe evacuation
The construction site should set up evacuation signs, emergency lighting, walkways, descenders, rescue bags, life-saving slides, etc., to educate and train practitioners to learn how to save themselves and call for help. In the event of a safety incident, we must strive to protect our own or others' precious lives. Leaders and rescue teams at all levels should organize the rescue work well, select ready-made evacuation channels and facilities, and evacuate personnel and equipment as soon as possible. If you encounter an emergency that cannot be handled, you should immediately call the police and ask for social support.