The new Yinxu Museum in Anyang, Henan Province, officially opened to the public today (February 26). As China's first panoramic display of the Shang Dynasty civilization of the national major archaeological museum, the museum will display nearly 4,000 sets of bronze, pottery, jade, oracle bones and other cultural relics, many of which are on display for the first time.
Reporter Wang Tao: The color of the new building of the Yinxu Museum is turquoise, and the shape is like a huge bronze.
The design team took the "Ding", the important instrument of the Yin Shang Dynasty, as the design intention, through the abstraction and evolution of the bronze square tripod elements, and the overall atmosphere, concise and powerful square shape as the museum building carrier, and the texture and patterns on the museum are also evolved from the texture on the bronze cultural relics unearthed in Yin Ruins, the whole museum is 22 meters high and 146 meters wide, which can be said to be a veritable big "Ding".
Through the aerial lens, you can see that next to the museum is the Huan River, known as Huanshui in ancient times, is a tributary of the Wei River in the Haihe River Basin, also known as the Anyang River, most of the ancient capitals were built on the riverside, and the location of the Yinxu excavation is located on both sides of the Huan River, and the other side of the river of the new museum is the world cultural heritage, the ruins of the Yinxu Palace Temple, that is, the location of the old Yinxu Museum. The old and new museums are separated by a river, quietly watching over the ruins of Yinxu.
In this land, the earliest relics of chariots and horses in China have been excavated - the Yinxu chariot and horse pit, the earliest written oracle bone inscription in China, and the national treasure-level cultural relics of the stepmother Wuding.
The new museum opened, and everyone was very concerned about what cultural relics could be seen inside. The number and type of cultural relics displayed in the new museum are the largest cultural relics exhibition of the Shang Dynasty.
Among them, more than three-quarters of the precious cultural relics are on display for the first time, especially the cultural relics that reflect the new results of archaeological excavations in Yinxu in the past 20 years, most of which are exhibited for the first time. There are nearly 4,000 pieces of unearthed cultural relics such as bronze, jade, oracle bones, pottery, etc., which focus on the theme of Shang civilization and show the great achievements of the Shang Dynasty in politics, economy, military, agriculture, handicrafts, writing and other aspects.
There is a cultural relic in the shape of a round cake, the surface is slightly protruding, dense and very rough, its name is Tao Yan, you may just listen to the name, you may not know what it is used for, experts told reporters, this is the cleaning utensils used by the Shang Dynasty people when bathing, which is equivalent to the bath towel used by merchants.
Different from the general oracle bones we see, the very beautiful green part of this oracle bone is turquoise, which is the only oracle bone with turquoise inlaid in the text in the museum of our country, which is very precious.
Of course, there are still many precious cultural relics in the new Yinxu Museum, waiting for everyone to come and find treasures.
At present, Yinxu Museum has opened an online reservation window service platform, taking a time-based staggered peak and limited flow visit, and tickets can be booked online through the official "Yinxu Museum" and Yinxu Scenic Area***. After the reservation is successful, save the reservation*** as the admission voucher, and enter the museum with your ID card. For specific details, please check the official website of Yinxu Museum**.
Through the millennium, a glimpse of the chariot and horse scene of the Yin Shang period.
Located on the first floor of the exhibition hall, the exhibition of carriages and horses in Yinxu uses a matrix exhibition method to display 23 carriages unearthed in Yinxu, reproducing the historical scene of "serving oxen and riding horses, leading weight to far" more than 3,000 years ago.
Yinxu Museum Docent Xu Xianying: The display case displays some accessories for car and horse accessories. We can look at these accessories to discover where they are and what they do. The one we see is called a stirrup.
The Shang Dynasty's richly decorated, exquisitely structured, and flexible carriage is the earliest physical specimen of the carriage seen in China, and it is also a vivid interpretation of the Shang civilization more than 3,000 years ago. After nearly 100 years of exploration, Yinxu excavated more than 90 carriage and horse pits, archaeologists have conducted in-depth research on it, by the wheel, axle, public opinion, wheel, scale, yoke and other major components of the wooden two-wheeled single wheel, clearly show the appearance of the Shang Dynasty carriage.
Li Cunxin, associate researcher of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: Here we show a total of 23 vehicles, 23 cars are different periods of Yinxu, Yinxu is divided into four phases, it has vehicles of different periods, and the use is also quite different. For example, there are some chariots that are specifically for combat, and some are passenger cars, and we can easily judge it from the form of preservation, including the style of burial.
CCTV reporter Tian Yunhua: The carriage is not only used as a means of transportation for the royal family and nobles, but also plays an important role in post station transmission, field hunting travel, military and other aspects. Most of the carriages in Yinxu are buried near large tombs or in the tomb road, and the number of carriages and horses witnesses the level of the owner's status; In the late Yinxu period, the carriage burial became the exclusive domain of the middle and upper nobles, demonstrating the great authority of the tomb owner, and it was also the germ of the carriage burial system.
The carriage of the Shang Dynasty shows the important role played by means of transportation in social life, the conquest of the four directions, the construction of the ritual system from a broad perspective, and shows the exchanges, mutual learning and innovation of the history and culture of the East and the West more than 3,000 years ago, and has been inherited and carried forward by later dynasties, becoming an indelible and profound imprint of Chinese civilization.