Red Beauty is a citrus variety bred in Japan, also known as Ehime 28, the female parent is Nanxiang, and the male parent is Amakusa, which is a hybrid of orange and orange. The fruit surface is thick orange, the pulp is polarized residue, high sugar and high quality, and has a sweet orange-like aroma, which is known as the citrus aristocracy. Understand the characteristics and morphological characteristics of the red beauty variety: medium growth potential, round-headed crown, long branches at the seedling stage and early stage of tall grafting trees, and the branches are more draped. Long twigs occur between the long branches and tend to decrease with the age of the tree. The spring leaves are spindle-shaped, slightly smaller, and the wing leaves are wedge-shaped and narrow.
The leaves of summer and autumn shoots are quite large. There are almost no problems with alternate fruiting and the fruit consistency is good. The phenological period is 2 April, 5 July, and August. Fruiting habits: the first flowering period is mid-March, the full flowering period is in early to mid-April, the first physiological fruit drop enters in late April, and the second physiological fruit drop begins in mid to late May. 6 September is the fruit expansion period, and the fruit begins to ripen in late November. Fruit shape: oblate spherical, average fruit weight 156 grams, dark orange skin, relatively smooth, thin and soft, tightly connected with the white cortex, slightly difficult to peel. The flesh is orange-yellow, soft and juicy, slag and flavor.
The main advantages are early ripening and high price: the red beauty matures in late November, fully matures in early December, and can be harvested in January of the following year for facility cultivation, and is mostly high-end gift fruit. Due to the current planting less, the number of fruits is limited, in a state of short supply, the sales price in 2014 reached 40 yuan catty, the sales price in 2015 was 30 yuan catty, and the later reached 50 catties, in 2016, with the expansion of the planting area, the sales price has fallen, but the boutique fruit can still be sold to 30 yuan catty.
Excellent fruit quality: orange flesh, very fine and tender slag, taste similar to jelly, juicy and sweet, good quality, soluble solids content of 12%, invert sugar content of 933%, reducing sugar content 516%, titratable acid content 093%, vitamin C content 315 mg liters, edible rate 8683%, juice yield 5616%。The name is beautiful: Mr. Xu Jianguo, deputy director of the Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, translated the variety as "red beauty", as if it instantly gave it life. is like a girl in red, enthusiastic and unrestrained, teasing your taste buds with every gesture, it is difficult to become an Internet celebrity! Some deficiencies.
The cold resistance is weak, and it is easy to suffer from frost damage, and it is easy to lose water and droop in leaves during summer drought.
After complete coloring, the periphery of the stalk deteriorates, and small cracks in the shape of a ring pattern tend to occur. This phenomenon is easy to cause water rot, peel damage, and decline in commerciality.
Susceptible to susceptibility to sarpa bark, brown spot, canker, and thorns, it is as susceptible to flower skin, fruit drop, fruit cracking, fruit flies, Spodoptera exigua, etc. Red beauty cultivation points: The selection of garden land should be warm, and the planting land with warm, fertile soil and good drainage and irrigation should be selected.
The frost resistance of red beauty is slightly worse than that of Wenzhou mandarin, and the requirements for heat, light and fertilizer are higher, so it is suitable to be planted in the garden with no strong wind, warm and sunny in winter, sufficient sunshine, fertile soil, deep soil layer and high organic matter content. Because red beauty is sensitive to soil moisture content, it is necessary to choose a place with convenient drainage and irrigation for planting, and do a good job of water control according to the actual situation. In order to control pests and diseases and improve fruit quality, the greenhouse rain-sheltered cultivation mode can be considered. Fertilizer and water managementRed beauty has a high demand for fertilizer and water, so it is necessary to reasonably strengthen fertilizer and water management and appropriately increase the total amount of fertilizer applied throughout the year.
Similar to other citrus varieties, young trees are mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and thin fertilizer is applied diligently, so as to cultivate a good and high-yield tree type. The production trees are mainly fertilized 4 times a year, namely basal fertilizer, germination fertilizer, fruit strengthening fertilizer and fruit picking fertilizer. Basal fertilizer: mainly effective organic fertilizer, combined with balanced fertilizer and medium and trace element fertilizer, combined with deep soil modification application. Germination fertilizer: applied before spring shoot germination, mainly with fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, to awaken the root system and promote the emergence of new shoots. Strong fruit fertilizer: In mid to early July, the base application of organic fertilizer + balanced compound fertilizer + medium and trace element fertilizer to achieve the purpose of strengthening fruits, promoting shoots and raising roots. Fruit harvesting fertilizer: applied 10 to 15 days before fruit harvesting, mainly with fast-acting compound fertilizer, the purpose is to quickly restore the tree's potential.
In addition, the nutrient supply of citrus should be ensured by foliar topdressing in each critical period of growth, such as boron fertilizer at the flowering stage, spraying sea elf biostimulant (foliar type) at the fruit-preserving stage, calcium fertilizer at the fruit expansion stage, and phosphorus and potassium source reservoir at the shoot aging and ripening stage. Pruning and shaping adopts open heart shape or round head shape, and the young tree stage is mainly to expand the crown, cultivate the backbone branches, and increase the crown branch tip leaves. One year after planting, spring, summer and autumn should be promoted to pump a little more often, accelerate the formation of the canopy and fast crown formation, prune the initial production of the tree in time, cultivate the effective fruiting branch group, the effective fruiting branch group, and appropriately shorten the extension of the main branch and the secondary main branch, so as to maintain its certain growth and tree potential.
Adult fruiting trees should be pruned mainly in spring, combined with the whole year, for trees with too many main branches, too many main branches, too dense trees, should be pruned in time to improve the light conditions. For tall grafting trees, the crown should be cultivated as soon as possible in the year and the second year of high grafting, and the backbone branches with uniform growth and good distribution position should be selected as the main branch culture.
Orange trees that are planted until February of the following year can bear fruit in alternate years. In addition to pruning and adjusting the amount of fruits, it is also necessary to thin flowers and fruits in time, so as to improve the quality and maintain a strong tree to achieve the purpose of high yield and stable yield.
Flower thinning: It is carried out from budding to flowering, mainly to thin the leafless inflorescences on the weak branches. Fruit thinning: It can be carried out in two times, the first time in late June, to remove diseased and insect fruits, deformed fruits, damaged fruits and excessive and over-dense fruits in the crown chamber. The second time in August and September, the cracked fruits, diseased fruits, small fruits and tip fruits were removed. Bagging of the remaining fruits in August and October can effectively prevent pests and diseases. Before bagging, it is necessary to carry out a pest control, and the bagging material is preferably a white transparent paper bag, and the bag mouth should be tightened when bagging. Bagging is removed 10 days before harvest to facilitate coloring and improve commerciality.