The life legend of Muhammad, the founder of Islam
Muhammad: From Poverty to Conversion of FaithThe life of Muhammad, the founder of Islam, is full of legends. He was born in Mecca in 570 C.E., the daughter of his father who died before he was born and his mother who died when he was six years old.
When he was growing up, his grandfather and uncle raised him successively. However, due to his family's poverty, he never received a formal education. However, at the age of 12, he was exposed to **religion and Judaism, which opened new horizons for his thinking.
At the age of 15, he was drawn into the Arab Civil War. Despite the challenges of life, he maintained a resilient spirit. At the age of 24, he met Herticher, a wealthy widow.
His shrewdness and kindness led to Hetticher deciding to hire him as a butler, and she proposed to him the following year. With a stable livelihood, Muhammad began to think deeply about the meaning of life.
He often ran to the "Cave of Sheila", an Islamic holy site, in search of inner peace and enlightenment. One day in 610 A.D., he claimed that he had received a revelation from Allah (Allah) and began to preach in his circle of acquaintances.
His faith was against the idolatry of the Arabs, believing it to be a stupid superstition. He advocated that people should submit to Allah alone, stop vendettas, treat orphans kindly, and free slaves.
However, in that era when religion was used to rule the country, the ruler would not allow a "pagan religion" to be propagated, because once religion gained power, it would evolve into a political power.
Despite all the difficulties, Muhammad remained true to his faith and became the founder of Islam.
Under the oppression of the aristocracy and the exclusion of different beliefs, Muhammad's situation became more and more difficult. Although initially supported by his wife and uncle, in 619 they died one after another, and opponents began to attack him.
To protect himself and his followers, Muhammad led his followers out of Mecca in 622 and after eight days of escape, they finally came to Medina. Here, he established Islamic theocracy, which attracted more and more Muslims to him.
However, Muhammad did not forget about his enemies. He decided to take revenge on the Meccan nobles, for which the two sides fought fiercely on the battlefield, but the result was evenly matched, and neither of them bargained for anything.
After several years of recuperation, in 627, the two sides went to war again, determined to divide the winner. Abu Sufyan, the commander of the Mecca army, led 10,000 troops from Mecca and invaded Medina with great vigour.
However, for various reasons, Muhammad was able to recruit only 3,000 soldiers and a dozen horses, which was a clear numerical disadvantage. At a critical juncture, an Islamist named Salman offered a plan.
He advised Muhammad to immediately mobilize all the people to dig a trench around the city of Medina and then defend it at all odds to defeat the enemy. Muhammad followed Saleman's advice, and after hard work, they succeeded in digging a trench and successfully defeated the Meccan army with the help of this favorable terrain.
At that time, the use of trenches for defense and offensive was a novel strategy. Muhammad, after careful consideration, ordered the trenches to be dug overnight and completed the task before the arrival of the troops in Mecca.
He scattered his 3,000 troops in various fortresses in the city, adopted a strategy of defensive counterattack, and waited for the arrival of the Meccan army. At the end of March, Abu Sufyan's 10,000 men and men finally arrived on the outskirts of Medina.
The long march had already exhausted them. After a short rest, the Meccan army went on the offensive, but what awaited them was a large bottomless trench laid by Muhammad.
Abu Sufyan was puzzled by this and did not understand Muhammad's tactics. The morale of the Mecca army was already low, and it was even more irritated when they saw the trenches. They were surprised, questioned, annoyed, and some even scolded Muhammad.
However, no matter how much they scolded, they could not cross the trench into the city. The Meccan army could only besiege the city through a trench, but this tactic was barely effective in flat or hilly areas due to their cavalry, but here they encountered a large bottomless trench.
The horses were frightened and could not approach the trenches, and the soldiers were helpless. The few cavalrymen who ventured to try to cross the trench were killed by the defenders with arrows. Some soldiers chose to jump off their horses and tried to cross the trench on foot, only to be severely wounded by the defenders, either dead or wounded.
Abu Sufyan was anxious when he saw this, and if he wanted to win, he had to cross the deep ditch in front of him, or else he would have to lose all his efforts. So he ordered all the soldiers and horses to line up and fire arrows into the city, and although the soldiers on the city walls were **, they did not achieve victory.
The exhausted Mecca army began to lose heart, and their morale plummeted. As night fell, Abu Sufyan decided to take up camp here and wait for the next day to find a way to cross the ditch.
Muhammad and the inhabitants of Mecca rejoiced and greeted the next day's battle with confidence. However, the next day, Abu Sufyan still did not find a way to cross the ditch, and seeing that the morale of the army was falling again and again, he anxiously came up with a solution: delay time.
Although the army of Mecca could not enter the city of Medina, neither could the people of the city of Medina come out. In a few days, Medina will run out of food, and then victory will be at hand.
Muhammad also thought of this, and was anxious at the prospect of losing his victory. He had to figure out a way to get the Meccan army to withdraw as soon as possible, otherwise the people of Medina would starve to death.
The two sides were at a stalemate, and just when Muhammad could barely hold on, God gave him an unexpected help.
On that day, the two armies continued to confront each other, but suddenly encountered an unexpected change in weather. The originally clear sky was suddenly covered with dark clouds, strong winds, flying sand and rocks, causing the whole world to fall into darkness in an instant, and even the sun, moon and stars lost their brilliance.
The Mecca army was defenseless, and the sudden change in weather left them in a hurry. The soldiers were staggered by the wind, unable to stand on their feet, and in a mess.
The morale of the Mecca army was already low, but now that the wind is blowing, the morale of the army is even more discouraged, and the soldiers have thrown their ** and fled in all directions. Muhammad, however, witnessed this from the city walls, and he took the opportunity to order the gates to be opened and attacked.
When the wind and sand gradually cleared and the sky became blue again, Muhammad not only defeated the Mecca army, but also captured more than 400 people, including more than 60 officers of the Mecca army.
The digging of the trench was a decision made by Muhammad in desperation, but it turned out to be such a surprise. Later, the story of the battle of the trench was widely spread among the people, and it was said that it was the blessing of Allah, because Allah could not bear to see the people of Medina suffer, so he taught Muhammad the art of war, and later when the two armies could not hold each other, he used the wind to disperse the Mecca army, so that Medina won a great victory.
Muhammad followed with his army and rushed like a gale, under the city of Mecca, where it was captured. He then smashed down 360 stone statues in the city's temple of the Ka'ba and declared the Ka'ba to be the center of Islamic pilgrimage.
In 631, Muhammad largely unified the Arabian Peninsula.