How can there be one less ballot? Is there a wrong number? Otherwise, it will be treated as an invalid vote, and it may be that one of the delegates forgot to vote. We've counted it several times, but there's still one person who didn't vote for ***.
It all happened at that historic moment, the last and most important day of the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) – the ballot for *** and other leaders.
Before the meeting began, everyone knew that *** would be the future *** and, according to everyone's ideas, ** should be unanimously approved.
However, when the staff began to count the results, they received only 575 votes, and one ballot mysteriously disappeared. In the face of this situation, the staff did not dare to make decisions on their own, so they could only tell *** the specific situation and then report it to ***
So, how will ** deal with this? And who didn't vote for ***? This mystery begins with a person who taught Zhang Dongsun a lesson.
Zhang Dongsun was born in the late Qing Dynasty, when the corruption of the Qing Dynasty made the people miserable, and his father was originally a county official, but he was also forced to work as a scholar. When Zhang Dongsun grew up, Cixi began to encourage young people to study in Western countries, and Zhang Dongsun seized this opportunity and was admitted to the public study abroad quota to study philosophy in Japan.
During his studies in Japan, Zhang Dongsun was fortunate to listen to Liang Qichao's wonderful lectures, and was deeply infected, and has since become a staunch supporter of Liang Qichao. After returning to China after completing his studies, he and other international students passed the exam and became the first of the Qing Dynasty.
However, he found that the corruption of the Qing ** could no longer be **, which made him have the idea of resigning. Soon after, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, and he went to Nanjing to participate in the uprising and became a secretary of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Provisional ** Prefecture in Nanjing.
Perhaps because of his father's influence, or because of his upright character, his life in officialdom was not satisfactory. After careful consideration, he decided to resign from his official position and use words to awaken the world as a literati.
At that time, the creation of newspapers and periodicals was the most popular way for literati, so he threw himself into it, founded and edited the magazine Regeneration, which specialized in commenting on hot news in China, and also published his articles in other well-known newspapers and magazines.
As various advanced ideas were introduced into China from abroad, Zhang Dongsun came into contact with socialism and was convinced of it. However, the socialism that Zhang Dongsun believed in was derived from the Celtic socialism of the British working class.
Although there are differences in beliefs from our party, Zhang Dongsun still made indelible contributions to the Communist Party and the reunification of the whole country. After Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup, Zhang Dongsun courageously criticized the Kuomintang in public and criticized the behavior of the Kuomintang with sharp words.
In particular, Zhang Dongsun publicly criticized the Kuomintang's policy of non-resistance on many occasions and tried to induce the Kuomintang to resist the Japanese invaders, but the results were not satisfactory. On August 1, 1935, our party issued the "August 1 Declaration", calling for the formation of an anti-Japanese united front throughout the country.
Soon after, Zhang Dongsun published an article entitled "Commenting on the Communist Manifesto and Discussing National Cooperation." Zhang Dongsun was already a well-known politician at this time, and his appeal aroused the enthusiasm of domestic literati, who called for *** to fight against foreign enemies.
Zhang Dongsun's voice in support of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to resist Japan attracted the attention of our party. He did not join the party, but he was actively invited by our party. After the incident, our party became closer to him and received a lot of help from him.
He had a premonition that Beiping would be attacked by Japan, and he contacted our party in the hope of transferring teachers and students. When everyone invited him to evacuate, he chose to stay in Beiping to call for anti-Japanese resistance, and lost the opportunity to evacuate safely.
Soon after, the Japanese army invaded Beiping, and he was imprisoned and tortured.
With his firm stance and noble sentiments, Zhang Dongsun played an important role in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation. In the face of the coercion and temptation of the Japanese army, he always adhered to the national righteousness, raised funds for the anti-Japanese war, and actively called on the people to resist Japan.
During the peaceful liberation of Beiping, as Fu Zuoyi's negotiator, he always firmly supported the Communist Party, and at the same time actively persuaded Fu Zuoyi to reduce ** in private, making important contributions to the peaceful liberation of Beiping.
His heroic deeds and firm stand have won the respect and love of the broad masses of the people.
With the efforts of the entire Chinese people, Peking was finally peacefully liberated, and Zhang Dongsun's contribution was also highly recognized by our party. At a banquet, ** personally said to Zhang Dongsun: "The peaceful liberation of Peking is inseparable from Mr. Zhang's hard work!" ”
Because of his outstanding contributions to the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, Zhang Dongsun received a special invitation to attend the first Chinese Political Consultative Conference.
And the importance of this conference needs to be started from 1948. In 1948, the Kuomintang was defeated on the domestic battlefield, but Chiang Kai-shek's ambitions did not disappear because of this.
At the same time, Western countries are also eyeing China, hoping to see a new ** emerge as soon as possible, so that the country can stabilize and the people can live the long-awaited new life.
However, the establishment of a new ** is not a simple matter, and it needs to be discussed by all ethnic groups and parties across the country. On April 23, 1948, ** came to Xibaipo, Hebei Province, and issued a proclamation on the slogan of celebrating the "May Day" International Labor Day, which clarified the plan for liberating Nanjing and convening the Political Consultative Conference.
After the liberation of the Northeast environment is relatively safe, the CCP ** decided to hold a significant meeting in Harbin, Heilongjiang this autumn - the Political Consultative Conference.
Delegates from all over the country responded and gathered towards Harbin. However, the war was not over yet, and the meeting was forced to be postponed. After the liberation of Nanjing, the establishment of the new ** was imminent, and the Political Consultative Conference was once again put on the agenda.
The scale of this meeting is relatively large, and it is closely related to the founding of New China, so all the details of the meeting must be discussed and confirmed repeatedly, and nothing can be omitted. On June 15, 1949, the preparatory meeting for the New Political Consultative Conference was held in Zhongnanhai, Beiping.
**Announce the official opening of the preparatory meeting of the new CPPCC, and invite *** to deliver a speech. At the first meeting of the preparatory meeting of the new CPPCC, the first major issue to be discussed was to determine the list of people to attend the new CPPCC meeting.
At that time, there were still some areas in China that had not yet been liberated, and the ethnic minority areas in the border areas were still in a state of separation, and the democratic parties, the generals of the Kuomintang uprising, and people from all walks of life in China were full of expectations for this meeting.
In order to ensure the fairness of the conference and listen to the real voices of all parties, the staff carefully studied each participant, and after many revisions, it took more than three months for the meeting documents to be finalized.
During this period, it took more than a week to draft the Common Programme (draft) and submit it to *** for review. In response to this draft, ** has been revised five times in less than a month.
On July 15, the "People's **" issued an announcement to solicit the design of the national flag, national emblem and national anthem of New China, and people from all walks of life responded positively and received thousands of submissions, including more than 2,000 national flag patterns, more than 900 national emblem patterns, and more than 600 national anthems.
Among the many submitted works, the staff carefully screened and selected 38 national flag designs and 5 national emblem designs. As for which one to ultimately adopt, the preparatory meeting decided that the deputies would jointly discuss and decide at the new CPPCC meeting.
In addition to the hard work of the staff, the holding of the new CPPCC also hides the bitterness and blood of the delegates. Feng Yuxiang, a well-known warlord in the Kuomintang, was deeply dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's compatriots and passive anti-Japanese behavior.
However, when Chiang Kai-shek learned that Feng Yuxiang would attend the New CPPCC meeting, he was worried that his actions would shake the morale of the Kuomintang and affect his own rule, so he immediately sent spies to monitor Feng Yuxiang.
In order to avoid the investigation of the spies, Feng Yuxiang smuggled out of the country, and then returned to China by boat from abroad. However, no matter how cautious he was, the spies tracked down his whereabouts, and a fire left Feng Yuxiang on the Black Sea forever.
In addition, Yang Jie was also assassinated by spies. The preparatory process for the new CPPCC was full of twists and turns and hardships, but it was precisely this indomitable spirit that made our national flag and national emblem shine even more brightly.
On September 18, 1949, a secret letter quietly arrived in front of General Yang Jie's door. The sender insisted on handing over the letter to Yang Jie, because he knew that the letter was related to the convening of the first CPPCC meeting in China.
General Yang Jie was anxious to know the contents of the letter, he brought the messenger into the living room, opened the envelope, and at that moment, the messenger took out his pistol, and the general, who had participated in the Northern Expedition, fell under the guns of the Kuomintang agents.
However, General Yang Jie's sacrifice did not make others lose their determination to participate in the meeting, but strengthened their belief in establishing a new **. Although General Feng Yuxiang has passed away, his wife inherited his legacy and attended the new CPPCC meeting in his place.
What made Chiang Kai-shek feel even more painful was that Soong Ching-ling, the former mother of the country, also attended this meeting. As early as July, ** personally wrote to invite Song Qingling: "Mr. Qingling: ......The construction plan urgently needs to be discussed, and Comrade Deng Yingchao was specially sent to greet him and sincerely welcome him to the north to ......Dedicated. Praise Da'an! ”
Although General Yang Jie was unfortunately killed, his spirit inspired more people to fight for the construction of New China. Regardless of Chiang Kai-shek's threats, they resolutely participated in the CPPCC meeting and expressed their support for the new ** with practical actions.
With everything in place, people rushed to Zhongnanhai for a historic meeting. On September 21, 1949, the first session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference was officially held.
** Wait for the leaders to live in Zhongnanhai, and come to the sign-in office early to sign in. They smiled and signaled to the staff, then walked into the conference room first to wait. When all the delegates had signed in, the PLA march reverberated throughout the venue.
In the roar of 54 salutes, the most important meeting on the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China slowly kicked off with the opening speech. "The current Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is convened on a completely new basis, and it has the nature of representing the people of the whole country. The Chinese, who make up a quarter of the total number of human beings, have since stood up. ”
Before the words fell, many delegates could not control their excitement and shed tears. For this moment, for a brand-new China, all those present have made all their efforts.
Even if there are still countless soldiers fighting bloody on the battlefield, and even some people can no longer see the future of peace and prosperity, starting today, China will enter a new era, dominated by the Chinese themselves.
During the meeting, more than 80 delegates successively delivered speeches, during which from the 21st to the 30th, the meeting determined the specific design of the national flag and national emblem, and set the national anthem as "March of the Volunteers".
In addition, it was decided to change the capital to Beijing and adopt the Common Era, which was 1949. As for the name of the new China, the deputies had a heated discussion and finally decided to name it the People's Republic of China.
In the blink of an eye, the 30th has arrived, and it is the most important day of the entire conference. The main task of the day is to elect *** and other leaders. Since the revolution, his position in the party and his contribution to New China have been unparalleled.
Therefore, in the minds of all the delegates, the answer is obvious. Even the staff subconsciously thought that *** would be elected unanimously.
After the polls, the delegates were given a short break and the staff began counting the votes. However, to everyone's surprise, although there were 576 delegates, the staff received only 575 votes.
No matter how much the staff counted, the result was always the same. Did someone forget to submit their ballot? If that's the case, they should give the ballot to the staff during the break.
After discussion, an unexpected conclusion emerged: someone did not vote for ***. "I think that one vote should be treated as a void vote, and let *** be elected unanimously. ”
Although the existence of that vote does not affect the fact that *** has been elected as ***, everyone wants the final result to be as successful as possible. However, changing votes privately is a serious matter, and no one dares to try it lightly.
They could only report the matter to *** and heard that someone did not vote for ***, ** was very shocked and immediately asked *** about the matter.
Chairman, there is one person who did not vote for you. "Hearing this, ** laughed and said: "Voting representatives have the right to elect me, and they also have the right not to elect me." It's normal, it doesn't matter. ”
Therefore, according to the chairman's request, the staff wrote down the actual number of votes on a piece of paper and handed it to the moderator. When the host announced that *** had been elected, the audience erupted in warm applause.
At that time, a man quietly touched the ballot in his pocket, and it was he who left the ballot in his hand and did not vote for ***. For a long time, people were asking who exactly didn't vote for ***, but there was no news.
Until a drunken argument, this person admitted that he was the one who did not vote, and he was the Zhang Dongsun we mentioned earlier.
Zhang Dongsun made great contributions to the anti-Japanese resistance and the liberation of Beiping, and was very supportive of the party's policies. Still, he chose not to vote for ***.
This is because of some of the points he adheres to. The socialism he believed in was Celtic socialism, which had many flaws. At first, he believed that Chen Duxiu and others believed in the same socialism as himself, so he had a close relationship with the early founders of the party.
However, when Chen Duxiu and others decided to create the Communist Party, he discovered the difference between the two and repeatedly advised Chen Duxiu to abandon this idea. With the founding of the Communist Party of China, Zhang Dongsun became more and more distant from the party.
Although he made great contributions to the anti-Japanese resistance and liberation, his beliefs made him both repelled by the Kuomintang practices and had no affinity for us. In addition, he studied in Japan and was influenced by Western ideas, so his behavior showed a tendency to **.
In the 1948 Kuomintang-Communist peace talks, Zhang Dongsun advocated that China's politics should learn from American liberalism and democracy, and economically it should learn from the planned economy of the Soviet Union.
He firmly believes that this method of taking the best from the best and eliminating the dross is correct, but in practice, it is difficult to reconcile the contradictions between the two systems and cannot be realized. Zhang Dongsun ignored the compatibility of the two and insisted on his own point of view.
In 1949, Zhang Dongsun visited *** and explained to him his diplomatic views, that is, to establish diplomatic relations with the United States and stay away from the Soviet Union. This view of his is influenced both by the ideology of the ** and by the fear of American power.
He feared that the United States would wage war against China, so he always advised *** to maintain friendly relations with the United States. However, ** did not agree with him, and the conversation between the two was not pleasant.
Until he participated in the new CPPCC meeting, Zhang Dongsun still insisted on his own point of view, believing that the practice of *** and others was undesirable.
When Zhang Dongsun voted, he chose to keep his ballot. After getting drunk once, he accidentally revealed that he didn't vote for *** in an argument with others, and everyone understood why *** was not unanimously elected.
However, no one paid attention to his actions, because the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was about to begin, and the people of the whole country were preparing for this war. However, only Zhang Dongsun lives in fear every day, fearing that American planes and artillery will hit China, and thinks every day about how to prevent China from joining the battlefield, or preventing American military action against China.
Mr. Zhang's actions quickly caught the attention of the United States, and they sent Wang Zhiqi, a spy stationed in China, to approach him. At first, Wang Zhiqi did not reveal his purpose, but gained Zhang Dongsun's trust through dating.
When Zhang Dongsun began to open his heart to Wang Zhiqi, Wang Zhiqi inadvertently revealed the news that the United States was about to start a war.
Wang Zhiqi told Zhang Dongsun that he had a way to contact the Americans to prevent the United States from starting a war. Zhang Dongsun believed it and eagerly asked Wang Zhiqi for help. Wang Zhiqi took advantage of Zhang Dongsun's trust to provide a "list of the best personnel" and induced Zhang Dongsun to use the radio to intercept the battle plan of the Ninth Corps of Song Shilun.
However, Wang Zhiqi later, Zhang Dongsun realized that he had made a mistake. Although he was labeled as treason and did not take it off until his death, *** did not put him in prison, but took into account his original intention and contribution, and found him a quiet place to retire, so that he would never ask about the world from now on.
Perhaps in the eyes of ***, Zhang Dongsun has no motive to betray the motherland, but because of his conservatism and persistence, he failed to see the situation of the country clearly, reveled in his idealism, and finally lost his judgment and took actions that were unfavorable to the country.
Whatever the cause, Zhang Dongsun's treason cannot be denied, but his contribution to China cannot be erased. For Zhang Dongsun, perhaps we should judge from multiple angles and with a dialectical attitude, just like *** did.