According to the "Construction Engineering Classification Standard" (GB T 50841-2013), construction projects can be divided into three categories according to their natural attributes: construction engineering, civil engineering and mechanical and electrical engineering. According to the use function, it can be divided into housing construction engineering, railway engineering, highway engineering, water conservancy engineering, municipal engineering, coal mining engineering, water transportation engineering, marine engineering and ......Wait. In addition to the above classification standards, you can also classify the project according to the contract amount, engineering quantity, average annual output value, etc., this article will take you to understand how the project is classified and managed in terms of the purpose, method, application and case of engineering project classification and grading.
First, the purpose of project classification and grading.
When an engineering enterprise carries out project management, it will encounter different types of projects of different scales, for different projects, the resources that enterprises need to invest, the configuration of management personnel and the setting of project institutions are not the same, if the project is classified and graded, you can choose the appropriate management mode for the project, etc., which is conducive to improving the standardization of project management and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of project management.
2. How to classify and grade projects.
1) Considerations for project classification.
The classification of engineering projects is referred to as follows:
By projectLocation:It can be divided into domestic projects and overseas projects;
By project contracting model:It can be divided into general engineering contracting, construction contracting, professional contracting, etc.;
By project typeIt can be divided into water conservancy and hydropower, municipal, highway, construction, etc.
There are various classification methods, and the project classification standard can be selected according to the company's actual business scale, development direction and management mode.
2) Considerations for project grading.
The classification of engineering projects is mainly based on the project scale (contract amount), which is comprehensively determined in combination with the project classification, and the project level can also be adjusted according to factors such as the average annual output value of the project, strategic significance, technical difficulty, and management difficulty.
3. Application of project classification and grading.
After the project classification and grading are determined, the project can be managed differently according to the classification and grading results of the project.
a) Appointment of a project manager.
When appointing a project manager, you can select a project manager with experience in project management from the project manager pool for different types of projects. For different levels of projects, the project manager can be given different ranks and corresponding treatment.
2) Project organizational structure and personnel allocation.
When establishing the project organization, different project organizational structures can be constructed according to the project classification and grading, and different types and quantities of positions and personnel can be configured according to the differences in project management requirements to carry out differentiated project management.
3) Positioning of project management and control mode.
When positioning the project management and control mode, it can be determined whether the project adopts the first-level management and control mode (company-production department-project department) or the second-level management and control mode (company-project department) according to the classification and grading results of the project, combined with the analysis of project management needs.
There are many other applications such as these, which can be set up according to the actual management needs of the company's projects.
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Fourth, the project classification and grading cases.
1) Project classification and grading.
A design institute classifies EPC projects according to the project undertaking mode; According to the scale of the contract, the project is divided into different levels based on the contract amount, and appropriate adjustments are made with reference to the importance and technical difficulty of the project construction. The details are shown in the following table:
Project Classification Reference Table
Project Grading Reference Table
Note: The above table is mainly applicable to the general contracting project of the consortium led by the design.
The design institute first divided the EPC projects into three categories: design-led, construction-led and independently undertaken according to the project undertaking model, and then graded the design-led EPC projects, mainly referring to the project contract value to divide the project into four levels.
2) Factors for adjusting the level of the project.
On the basis of meeting the project grading standards, the project level can be adjusted from four aspects: the average annual output value of the project, strategic significance, technical difficulty, and management difficulty.
A table of adjustment factors for the project rating
3) Classification and grading of projects.
Project positions can be set up according to the classification and grading of the project and the requirements of the construction unit.
According to the characteristics of the project and the level of the project, the staffing requirements for the project post are determined, and the staffing suggestions for the design-led EPC project are as follows:
The design institute has carried out project personnel allocation for the design-led EPC project with reference to the project classification, rationally allocated human resources, improved resource utilization efficiency, and achieved the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
5. Summary. To sum up, project classification and hierarchical management is an effective management method, which can realize the refined management of engineering projects and optimize the allocation of resources, and improve the efficiency and quality of project execution. In practical application, it is necessary to formulate scientific and reasonable management measures according to the specific situation to ensure that the project can be carried out smoothly and achieve the expected goals.
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