First of all, I would like to thank the patients who asked me these questions, your questions have given me a good inspiration for popular science creation.
I always want to tell you more knowledge, but most of the time I don't have too many ideas, I don't know what you guys are.
Today, I'm going to share a question that a patient asked me recently:
How to solve the risk of non-tumorigenic accidents in retransfused cells?
First of all, let's popularize a concept:
Stem cells are not all one species. According to its **, it can basically be divided into 4 categories:
1.Embryonic stem cells (ESCs).
2.Adult stem cells
3.Tissue-resident stem cells
4.Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Some of these cells are tumorigenic, for example, some cancer stem cells that we commonly use have a very sufficient ability to form clones in vitro, and basically have the ability to form tumors in immunodeficient animals. Among them, brain tumor stem cells are the most tumorigenic.
Of course, these stem cells are only used for experiments. In the past, before mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were widely used, basically everyone was using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (ESCs and iPSCs), both of which were detected to have potential tumorigenicity
1.Ling Wang, Wenjie Zhang, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2013, in Int BioMed ENG (October 2013, Vol36,no.5) Published a review of "Research Progress on Tumorigenicity of Embryonic Stem Cells";
2.Article published by the Yamanaka research group in Nature Biotechnology:
Among them, induced pluripotent stem cells are worth mentioning: please be alert, at present, there are some new ones on the market that convert cells that are not stem cells into stem cells through in vitro induction from human tissues, urine, feces, etc., which are classified into this category. This is a technology that has been phased out in the history of stem cell research, and the reason for the obsolescence is that it is tumorigenic, and I don't know why this concept has recently been pulled out and packaged.
As for MSCS, its tumorigenicity has been proven to pass a number of ** experiments, such as:
Another example:
There are also foreign ones:
In 2010, Jin Soo Lee et al., Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, published a long-term observation and research report on mesenchymal stem cell intervention in the repair of ischemic stroke patients. The results showed that compared with the control group, patients in the experimental group received mesenchymal stem cell repair in terms of survival time and MRS score, and no tumorigenic risk was found in the study.
Therefore, in the future, don't dwell on these problems, it's redundant.
You just need to know what kind of cells he's giving you back.
Stem cells taken from human tissues and formed by induction, no, the tumorigenicity test did not pass.
Embryonic stem cells, no, the tumorigenicity test did not pass.
If you want to find the safest stem cells in tumorigenicity, just look for these four letters: MSCS, or look for: umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
Preview: The next issue will talk about exclusion.
Hotspot Engine Program