The scientific explanation for the occurrence of the new energy vehicle ** incident mainly revolves around the characteristics and possible failures of the on-board battery system. Here's a detailed explanation:
1.Battery chemistry: New energy vehicles generally use lithium-ion batteries as power sources, especially ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium is very reactive, and when an abnormality occurs inside the battery, such as short circuit, overcharge or overheating, it may cause the chemical reaction inside the battery to get out of control and generate a large amount of heat, which can cause thermal runaway. During thermal runaway, the electrolyte breaks down and releases flammable gases that, when in contact with air, are highly flammable or even flammable at high temperatures.
2.Battery Management System (BMS): The role of the battery management system is to monitor and control the status of each battery cell to prevent overcharging, overdischarging, overheating, etc. However, if the BMS design is flawed or has a problem with operation, it cannot effectively protect the battery, which may lead to the battery state exceeding the safety range and increasing the risk.
3.Physical damage: When the vehicle encounters a serious collision or extrusion, the battery pack structure may be damaged, resulting in the deformation and rupture of the internal battery cell, resulting in a short circuit caused by direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, which will lead to a disaster.
4.Environmental factors: Long-term use in high-temperature environments, such as high-temperature weather, continuous high-speed driving or fast charging, may cause the battery temperature to be too high, accelerate the battery aging and failure process, and increase the probability of battery failure.
5.Manufacturing and quality issues: Process issues, material defects, and improper assembly during battery production can also pose safety hazards, such as substandard insulation materials and poor battery sealing, which can exacerbate the risk of battery failure under harsh conditions.
6.Charging system failure: When a charging station or on-board charger fails, it may not be possible to accurately control the charging current and voltage, resulting in overcharging of the battery. In addition, design defects or aging of electrical wiring can also increase the risk of short circuits, which can lead to fires.
In order to reduce the risk of new energy vehicles, automobile manufacturers continue to carry out technology research and development and improvement in battery technology, battery management, body structure protection, charging safety, etc., and ensure product safety through a strict quality inspection system. At the same time, policymakers are also introducing relevant regulations and standards to strengthen the safety supervision of new energy vehicles, in order to reduce accidents caused by battery failure. Regarding the flammable factors of new energy, the author thinks this is already very comprehensive, if you think there are other factors, welcome to leave a message to discuss.