On March 5, 2024, at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, the Second Session of the 14th National People's Congress kicked off. Premier Li Qiang made the "** Work Report", in which he comprehensively summarized China's remarkable achievements in various fields in 2023 with detailed data and vivid cases. In the deployment of the 2024 work tasks, Premier Li Qiang put forward a series of practical measures and plans. He asked all levels to earnestly enhance their sense of responsibility and mission, have the courage to take responsibility and act actively, ensure that all tasks are implemented, and make a good start and a good step for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country.
Among them, in this year's first work task, Premier Li Qiang clearly proposed to unremittingly grasp the "three rural" work, learn and use the experience of the "demonstration of thousands of villages, renovation of ten thousand villages" project, adapt measures to local conditions, implement policies by classification, step by step, and work for a long time, formulate a feasible rural revitalization plan, stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of farmers, let farmers live a happier and better life, and contribute to the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
"** Work Report" released nine policies to benefit farmers:
1. Food production
To adopt practical and effective measures to ensure national food security, it is first necessary to stabilize the sown area of grain, and on this basis, consolidate the results of soybean expansion, and promote a large-scale increase in grain yield through scientific planting and technological progress.
In order to ensure the smooth progress of grain production, it is particularly important to improve the grain production, storage, and processing system. Such a system must not only be able to collect, store and process food efficiently, but also be able to strengthen the foundation of food security in all aspects.
In order to arouse the peasants' enthusiasm for growing grain, it is also necessary to appropriately raise the minimum purchase price of wheat, so that the peasants can get more benefits in the process of growing grain. At the same time, the three major staple grain production cost and income insurance policies will be implemented throughout the country, and the income guarantee mechanism for grain farmers will be improved, so that farmers will have no worries in the process of growing grain. In addition, it is necessary to intensify support for large grain-producing counties, improve the mechanism for compensating the interests of the main producing areas, and ensure that the peasants in the grain-producing areas can obtain more benefits.
All localities must shoulder the responsibility of ensuring national food security, practice the concept of agriculture and food, and always hold the rice bowl firmly in their own hands.
2. Cultivated land protection
Sticking to the red line of cultivated land is an important cornerstone for safeguarding national food security. It is necessary to improve the system of balancing the occupation and compensation of cultivated land to ensure that every inch of land can give full play to its due value. On this basis, it is particularly important to strengthen the protection of black soil and the comprehensive management of saline-alkali land. For the special land resources of saline-alkali land, it is necessary to carry out scientific management, improve the soil environment, and gradually turn it into fertile land suitable for cultivation.
By increasing investment and improving infrastructure, we will further improve the resilience of farmland to disasters and provide a more solid guarantee for food production.
Deepen the reform of the rural land system and promote the continuous increase of farmers' income. After the expiration of the second round of land contracts, the pilot project will be extended for another 30 years to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers and inject strong impetus into the long-term development of the rural economy.
3. Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation
Comprehensively strengthen the monitoring and assistance work to prevent the return to poverty, and resolutely prevent the occurrence of large-scale return to poverty. Support poverty alleviation areas to develop industries with special advantages, and promote actions to prevent people from returning to poverty and employment.
We will dig deep into and make use of local resource endowments, develop characteristic industries with market competitiveness, and create more employment opportunities and economic growth points for poverty alleviation areas. At the same time, we will strengthen the follow-up assistance work for relocation to ensure that the relocated people can smoothly adapt to the new living environment and achieve stable poverty alleviation.
Deepen cooperation and exchanges between the eastern and western regions, promote resource sharing, complement each other's advantages, and form a strong synergy to prevent a return to poverty. We will increase support for key counties in rural revitalization, establish and improve the normalized assistance mechanism for low-income rural populations and underdeveloped areas, and make poverty alleviation more stable and more sustainable.
Improve the hierarchical and categorical social assistance system, coordinate policies to prevent people from returning to poverty and help low-income populations, and ensure that the safety net for people's livelihood is tightly knit. We will continue to improve the social assistance system, raise the level of assistance, and ensure that the basic livelihood of the people in difficulty is effectively guaranteed. Let the achievements of poverty alleviation be more stable, and make the pace of rural revitalization more firm.
Fourth, the peasants' livelihood is guaranteed
It is of utmost importance to accelerate the urbanization of rural migrants, and deepen the reform of the household registration system to promote social equity and urban-rural integration. Improve the "people, land and money linkage policy" to ensure that willing migrant workers can settle down in cities and towns smoothly and truly integrate into urban life. Ensure that the permanent residents who have not settled down can enjoy basic urban public services on an equal footing, break the dual structure of urban and rural areas, and achieve social equity.
In terms of employment, we will do a solid job in the employment of retired soldiers, migrant workers and other groups, and provide them with more employment opportunities and entrepreneurial support. We should resolutely guarantee the payment of wages to migrant workers, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and enable them to work in cities with more dignity and security.
Further improve the living standards of the elderly, and raise the minimum monthly standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents by 20 yuan, so that the elderly can enjoy better old-age security.
Strengthen the construction of urban and rural community pension service networks, and provide more convenient and efficient pension services for the elderly. Intensify efforts to make up for shortcomings in rural pension services to ensure that the elderly in rural areas can also enjoy high-quality pension services.
5. Rural characteristic industries
We will continue to deepen the reform of collective property rights, collective forest rights, agricultural reclamation, and supply and marketing cooperatives, so as to promote the vigorous development of the new rural collective economy. Promote the process of agricultural modernization and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural products. In the reform of supply and marketing cooperatives, it is necessary to give play to their role as the main channel in the field of rural circulation and promote the improvement and development of the rural market system.
In terms of increasing peasants' incomes, we should vigorously develop industries that enrich the people in rural areas, cultivate new-type agricultural business entities, and promote the improvement of the socialized agricultural service system. At the same time, we will strengthen the construction of the rural talent team, cultivate a group of rural talents who understand technology, are good at management and can manage, and provide strong talent support for rural revitalization.
6. Rural human settlements
We will continue to promote the improvement of the living environment in rural areas, and strive to build a livable, workable, harmonious and beautiful village.
Priority should be given to improving rural infrastructure and public services, and comprehensively upgrading rural water, electricity, and gas communications to ensure that farmers can enjoy convenient and efficient modern services.
At the same time, we will focus on strengthening the construction of charging piles, cold chain logistics, mail and distribution facilities, etc., to provide strong support for the development of rural economy.
In addition, intensify the seismic renovation of farmhouses. Farmers are encouraged to adopt earthquake-resistant building materials and structural designs to ensure that every farm house is resilient to natural disasters.
We will carry out in-depth rural construction actions, strengthen infrastructure construction, improve public services, and seismic renovation of rural houses, so as to build a livable, workable, harmonious and beautiful countryside and create a better life for farmers.
7. Agricultural science and technology innovation
Make full use of cutting-edge technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence to promote the modernization of urban governance systems and governance capabilities, and improve the scientific and technological support capacity for rural revitalization.
Intensify the revitalization of the seed industry, strengthen the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, and promote the scientific and technological innovation and transformation of the seed industry. Focus on key core technologies in agriculture, break through a number of major key technologies that restrict agricultural development, and provide strong support for agricultural modernization.
Strengthen technology research and development, promotion and application, and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural machinery and equipment. Promote the deep integration of agriculture with industry and service industries, and inject new vitality into the development of the rural economy.
It is an important task for the current and future period to promote the digitalization of the service industry, build smart cities and digital villages, increase the revitalization of the seed industry and the research of key core technologies in agriculture, and implement the action of making up for the shortcomings of agricultural machinery and equipment.
8. Rural education
We should speed up the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the integration of urban and rural areas, improve the conditions for running rural boarding schools, and ensure that rural children can enjoy the same educational resources as urban children.
Deepen the implementation of the "double reduction" policy, continue to explore and improve, and ensure that it plays an effective role in reducing students' homework burden and improving the quality of education. At the same time, we will promote the inclusive development of preschool education, so that every child can receive high-quality education at the kindergarten stage, and lay a solid foundation for their future development.
Strengthen the construction of ordinary high schools at the county level, improve the quality and level of education, and provide more students with high-quality educational resources. Ensuring that every child has access to a fair, quality education that paves a solid path for their future.
9. Rural medical care
Actively guide high-quality medical resources to the grassroots level to ensure that every region and every community can enjoy high-quality medical services. Solve the problem of difficult and expensive medical treatment, and effectively improve the health and well-being of the general public.
Pay attention to the construction and development of rural clinics, and ensure that medical institutions at all levels can form a joint force to jointly provide comprehensive and continuous health services for the grassroots people through the establishment of a sound medical coordination mechanism.
Continuously expand the types of drugs used for chronic diseases and common diseases in primary medical and health institutions, and deal with some common chronic diseases. Reducing the burden of large hospitals can also allow grassroots people to get timely and effective ** at their doorstep.
Promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine, and strengthen the construction of advantageous specialties of traditional Chinese medicine. Enrich China's medical resources and provide more diversified choices for the people.
We will carry out the Healthy China Initiative and the Patriotic Health Campaign in depth, popularize health knowledge, improve people's health literacy, fundamentally prevent the occurrence of diseases, and improve the health level of the whole society.