said that Li Bai is worthy of being a poet and immortal, and he has a refined atmosphere.
Read the original text
1) "Li Bai's poems are bizarre, magnificent, and have an air of refinement" (-excerpt from Mao Anqing and Shao Hua: "Memories of Father's Diligent Reading and Practicing Calligraphy" (see "Wang", No. 12, 1983).
2) "I like Li Bai. But Li Bai has Taoist morale, and Du Fu is from the position of a small landlord"- Excerpt from He Qifang, "The Song of *" (see "Report of the Times", No. 2, 1978).
3) "Li Bai's "Shu Dao Difficulty" is very well written. Some people make all kinds of ideological speculations in order to improve their evaluation, but in fact there is no need. Regardless of the lawsuits, this poem is mainly very artistic, who can write it as vividly as he did, it brings people into the magnificent and dangerous mountains and rivers of the motherland, and brings people into the magical and beautiful mythical world, making people feel as if they have arrived"It's hard to get to the sky"of Shu Dao above"- Excerpt from Yang Jianye: "Reading Around *** - Interview with Lu Di, Lecturer of the Department of Chinese at Peking University" ("Guangming **", December 29, 1978).
Analysis**Love to read Li Bai's poems. One day in 1942, when ** met with He Qifang, Yan Wenjing, Zhou Libo and others to exchange opinions on literary and artistic work, someone asked him, do you like Li Bai or Du Fu? ** replied:"I like Li Bai. But Li Bai has Taoist morale. "He also praised Li Bai's poetry"The writing is bizarre, magnificent, and has a refined atmosphere"。
Poetry and Words"。Li Bai's free and unrestrained artistic temperament and the life values conveyed behind it are the main reasons why he likes Li Bai. ** Whether Li Bai's morale is related to Li Bai's strong feelings and mental state that are always full of smiling and arrogant princes, satirizing the powerful, detaching from the world, dissatisfied with reality, criticizing life, drinking and writing poems, and indulging in joy. Gong Zizhen said"Zhuang Qu is not two, can not be combined, and take it as a heart, from the beginning of confession. "Li Bai's art, which integrates the free and easy elegance of Taoism and the strange magnificence of Qu Sao, transcends the limited life of the world, takes the endless universe and nature as the habitat of the spirit of life, and resolutely challenges the traditional Confucian social rationality. As a great revolutionary, as the greatest thinker in the history of the Chinese revolution, and as a challenger to China's history and cultural traditions, it is conceivable and understandable to derive ideological and emotional resonance from Li Bai's poetry. Poets through the ages have a heart-to-heart connection.
The poem "Will Enter the Wine" was written by Li Bai in the eleventh year of Tianbao (752 AD) at the Songshan friend Yuan Danqiu. After the poet was released from Chang'an, he wandered around the world, roaming north and south. He was frustrated, his ideals were disillusioned, he was over half a hundred years old, his achievements were unsuccessful, and he was very mentally miserable. He said in "The Book of Gifts to Nanling Changzan Mansion":"It's useless to take care of yourself, and you can return home. The frost frightened the strong man, and the tears were full of clothes. In this way, he is uneasy and violates his life. "In "Gift to Xuancheng Yuwen Taishou and Presenting Cui Shiyu", he also lamented that the years have passed, and his ambition has not been rewarded, and it seems that he can only use wine to drown his sorrows. Therefore, in this poem, the poet sings wildly with bold pen power and arrogant and uninhibited feelings, expressing his inner depression and anguish, and expressing the resentment and struggle of a man with lofty ideals who hopes to make a difference but is greatly disappointed. At the same time, the poet's deep sense of sorrow about life revealed in the poem is also the reason why it gives people a deep appeal. The psalmist expresses this sense of distress as:"Eternal sorrow", that is, the eternal tragedy that no one can avoid throughout the ages: the infinity of the universe and the end of individual life.
This poem is unrestrained and heroic, and it uses a high degree of exaggeration, bright rhythm and uneven sentence patterns and jumping rhymes to convey the poet's feelings, such as"The water of the Yellow River comes from the sky"The same poured out, hearty. Zhao Yisheng praised in "Oubei Poems":"Talented and heroic, all with divine luck, disdain to be bound to the rhythm of duality, and compete with the carver. "
**In a book of "Annotated Three Hundred Tang Poems", in front of the title of "Will Enter the Wine", a large circle is drawn, and three small circles are drawn after the title, and the sky is annotated:"Good poetry"。**The reason why this poem is called a good poem, in addition to the above analysis, is probably because although this poem reveals the poet's short life and the mood of being happy in time, the main thing is"I was born to be useful"The absolute self-confidence in himself and the fully expressed Li Bai have inspired the spirit of active struggle and enthusiastic pursuit of life by many generous people in ancient and modern times.
In addition to "Will Enter the Wine", "Liang Fuyin" is also a poem that has been read repeatedly and painted many times. "Liang Fuyin" is a work by Li Bai after he first entered Chang'an to seek a political way out. The whole poem is majestic and romantic. The poem quotes a lot of historical stories, myths and legends about the setbacks suffered by promising people, comparing them to their own talents, and expressing their situation and mood of having no way to serve the country and being difficult to repay their ambitions. The poem reads:"I want to climb the dragon to see the Lord, and Lei Gong slammed the drum. The emperor threw pots and many jade girls, laughed and turned on the electric light at three o'clock, and the wind and rain were bright and bright. The nine doors of Lu are impassable, and those who touch the pavilion with their foreheads are angry. "
**Love this poem, as early as the 60s of the 20th century, he once wrote the whole poem on five pages of red checkered letterhead paper by memory. In the collection of books in the former residence of ***, there is a manuscript of "Liang Fuyin", which is *** in his later years, due to vision loss, he was specially copied in large characters. In the upper right corner, there is *** with a pencil drawing of the circle that has been read twice. In this poem, another large-character book published in the 70s of the 20th century, "Tang Poetry Collection", he is"You don't see the Gaoyang drunkards drafting"、"Commanding Chu Han is like a spinning canopy"Next to the two sentences, a straight line is drawn with a red pencil, and a large circle is also drawn on the letter sleeve that has been read twice. These imprints tell people that in their later years, they had a deeper understanding and sympathy for Li Bai's work of grief and indignation after political disappointment, from the emotional, ideological and artistic aspects, and showed a special affection.
**Li Bai's poems that have been read in the circle also include "The Ballad of Lushan Sends Lu to Serve the Imperial Void Boat" ("I am a madman, and the wind sings and laughs at Kongqiu")；Showing the poet's arrogance, "Sleepwalking in the Sky and Leaving Farewell" ("An Neng broke his eyebrows and bent his waist to deal with the powerful, which made me unhappy")；Reflecting the poet's unexpected, extremely heavy and unwilling to be depressed, "Xuanzhou Xie Guanlou Farewell School Shuyun" ("Whoever forsakes me, he shall not remain in the day of yesterday. Those who disturb my heart will have many troubles today. The long wind sends autumn geese thousands of miles, and you can be a tall building for this","Draw the knife and cut off the water, the water is more flowing, and the glass is more sorrowful")；The language is bright and hearty, the image is vivid and touching, the emotion is real and simple, and it has the charm of national music ("Li Bai was about to go on a boat, and suddenly heard the sound of singing on the river. The Peach Blossom Lake is thousands of feet deep, not as deep as Wang Lun to send me love"), "Yellow Crane Tower to Meng Haoran's Guangling" ("The old man left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and the fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. The lonely sail is far away and the blue sky is endless, and only the Yangtze River skyline can be seen"), "Midnight Wu Song" ("Chang'an is a month, and thousands of households pound clothes. The autumn wind blows endlessly, and it is always a jade relationship. He Riping Hulu, the beloved man went on an expedition")。Regarding the poem "Shu Tribulation", there is such a record in "The Poem of Ability Gao Yi III":"Li Taibai went from Shu to Beijing at the beginning of the year, and gave up the reverse journey. He Jian Zhizhang heard his name and visited him for the first time. It is strange and strange, and the reply is written. out of "Shu Dao Difficult" to show it. The reading is unfinished, and the number of sighs is four, and the number is the immortal, and the golden turtle is exchanged for wine, and the drunkenness is poured. Regardless of the day, it is praised and honored"。From this passage, it can be seen that this poem was written by Li Bai in Chang'an when he sent his friends back to Shu before the first year of Tianbao.
In this poem, Li Bai, based on his rich life experience in Shudi, galloped his rich imagination with vivid language, exaggerated techniques, and amazing images, and tried his best to depict a dangerous picture of the mountains and rivers of Shudi, showing the magnificent and colorful style of the motherland's nature.
In a book of "Annotated Three Hundred Tang Poems", ** drew a large circle on the sky of Li Bai's poem "Shu Dao Difficulty", criticizing:"This article is somewhat interesting. "
In 1975, he praised again in a conversation with Lu Shu""Shu Dao Difficult" is very well written", and then analyzed:"This poem is mainly very artistic, who can write it as vividly as he did, it brings people into the magnificent and steep mountains and rivers of the motherland, and brings people into the magical and beautiful mythical world, making people seem to have arrived'It's hard to get to the sky'The Shu Road is above. "It seems that the praise of this poem focuses on its superb artistry. This kind of artistry is embodied in the incisive description, imagination and exaggeration, which writes the difficulty of Shu Road to the extreme. Yin Pan also praised this poem in "The Collection of Heroic Souls of Heyue"."Strange and strange","Sassy people are still reluctant, and there are few such tones"。Shen Deqing's "Collection of Tang Poems" also said this poem"The pen array is vertical and horizontal, like a worm flying beetle, and the thunder is between the fingers"。
** Affirm the artistry of this poem, but do not agree with arbitrary exaltation. He said:"Some people make all kinds of ideological speculations in order to improve their evaluation, but in fact there is no need. "Indeed, there are many opinions on the theme of this poem. Some people are determined to be the author of someone or something, and some think that they are satirizing the current politics, such as Xiao Shi's "Classification and Supplement to Li Taibai's Poems", which said that this poem is a satire on Xuanzong's escape into Shu after the Anshi Rebellion; First published in 1963, the first volume of "Selected Chinese Literary Works of the Past Dynasties" edited by Zhu Dongrun, preceded by the poem"Solution"said:"During the Tang Dynasty, the commercial economy in Shu was extremely developed, and the people who entered Shu were happy to return, but did not realize that this area, the situation was dangerous, and it was a feudal place since ancient times, and there was a possibility of chaos at any time. Emphasized in the poem'Guards or bandits, turned into wolves and jackals', which is what it refers to. "There is also called it"Weeping"He who; Of course, there are also thoughts"Self-proclaimed Shu Yong","It is a story, and there is no other meaning"He who; **Not all agree with these content analysis, presented"Ignore the lawsuits", think that the main thing is high artistry. He also spoke highly of his artistry.
**Not only do I like "Shu Dao Difficult", but I am also good at using it in my work.
According to the writer Du Pengcheng's recollection, on the evening of February 4, 1956, at the Huairen Hall in Zhongnanhai, he met with representatives of the literary and artistic circles attending a conference on the question of intellectuals. When *** walked up to the writer Du Pengcheng and shook hands with him, and asked him if he was working at ** now, Shen Yanbing introduced that he worked at a railway construction site in the northwest. **Walk over and say: It's the Baocheng railway construction site. ** also said: Repair the railway to my hometown! **Looking at Du Pengcheng and saying: Li Bai's "Shu Road Difficulty" is written about the difficult scenes of the places where you are working now. Still"Shu Dao"Soon not really"Difficult"Hello! Then he recited some of the verses of the psalm casually and emotionally.
Of course, ** also has some micro-criticisms about some of Li Bai's poems. Li Bai is ambitious"Shen Guan Yan's talk, seek the emperor's art, rise up intelligently, and be willing to be an assistant, so that the Huan District is Dading, and Haixian County is clear", so he praised Qin Shi Huang's exploits in the third song of "Ancient Style". ** From this poem, the following view has been derived: This poem is about Qin Shi Huang's greatness"King Qin swept Liuhe, looking at He Xiong! Swing your sword to break the clouds, and the princes will come to the west"。It's just that the back of the ass made two sentences:"But under the three springs, the golden coffin is buried with cold ashes. "That is, he is still dead. What about you, Li Bai? I want to be an official! As a result, the army was filled in Guizhou. The White Emperor City was pardoned, so it happened"The white emperor of the court is among the clouds"。"Liang Fuyin" said that it is not possible now, but there is hope in the future"You don't see the Gaoyang drunkards drafting","Commanding Chu Han is like a spinning canopy"。At that time, it was full of spirit. I'll add a few words, more completely:"Unexpectedly, Han Xin was disobedient, and an army of 100,000 descended to Licheng. King Wen was furious for 3,000 zhang and arrested the drunkard Fu Ding. "Put him in the pan.
In this interesting ridicule, ** critically pointed out the profound contradiction between Li Bai's ambition to defy everything expressed in his poems and his embarrassing situation in real life when he wanted to be an official but couldn't.