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Gypsum board ceiling technology construction technology
First, the construction process.
Elevation line of the bullet roof - draw the keel binning line - install the boom - install the main keel - install the secondary keel - anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment - gypsum board installation.
1. Bomb ceiling elevation level.
According to the floor elevation level, use the ruler vertical vector to the ceiling design elevation, along the wall, to the surrounding ceiling elevation level.
2. Draw the keel binning line.
According to the ceiling plan, the position of the main keel is ejected on the concrete roof. The main keel should be divided from the center of the ceiling to both sides, the maximum spacing is 1000mm, and mark the fixed point of the boom, the fixed point spacing of the boom is 900 1000mm. If the fixed points of beams and pipes are larger than those required by the design and regulations, the fixed points of the boom should be increased.
3. Install the boom.
After playing the elevation level line of the roof and the keel position line, determine the elevation of the lower end of the boom, according to the position of the large keel and the hanging spacing, the spacing of the hanging points is 900 1200mm. One end of the boom is connected and fixed with the floor slab (the method of direct explosion bolts or welding the boom to the rear embedded parts fixed by expansion bolts can be used). And the steel bar boom is treated with anti-rust treatment, and the anti-rust paint is brushed twice. The ceiling adopts a 10mm boom, and the ceiling adopts a 6 8mm boom, and the ceiling keel system with a boom length greater than 1500mm should be counter-supported. The ceiling should be straight and have sufficient load capacity. The ceiling shall not be greater than 300mm from the end of the main keel, otherwise the boom should be added. Booms should be attached to lamps, tuyeres, and maintenance ports.
4. Install the main keel.
4.1. When the light steel keel is installed, the hanger is pre-installed on the keel, the hanger will be assembled, and the hanger will be threaded into the corresponding boom nut according to the position of the gear line, and the nut will be screwed. The wooden keel is fastened to the boom with galvanized steel wire or bolted. The spacing of the main keel is 900 1200mm. The main keel should be installed in the long direction of the flat room, and the arch should be raised at the same time, and the arch height is 1 200 of the short span of the room.
4.2. The joints of the main keel should be docked, and the butt joints of the adjacent keels should be staggered with each other. The main keel should be leveled after it is hung. For ceilings with a span of more than 15m, a large keel should be added every 15m on the main keel, and the vertical main keel should be firmly connected. If there is a large modeling ceiling, the modeling part should be welded into a frame with angle steel or flat steel, and should be firmly connected with the floor slab.
4.The 3-sided keel is fixed with nails, and when the design is not required, the nail spacing is the same as the keel spacing.
5. Install the secondary keel.
5.1. When the gypsum board ceiling secondary keel adopts U-shaped keel, the panel is generally fixed with countersunk self-tapping nails, and the secondary keel should be installed close to the main keel, and the secondary keel spacing is generally 400mm, and the spacing of the fixed secondary keel should generally not be greater than 600mm. When the galvanized steel connector fixes the secondary keel on the main keel, the two ends of the secondary keel should be on the horizontal flange of the L-shaped painted edge keel. Secondary keel spacing 300 600mm, 600mm.
5.2. When using wooden keel, the bottom surface of the keel should be planed and scraped, and the cross-section thickness should be consistent. Keel 54 spacing should be according to the design requirements. When there is no requirement in the design, it should be decided according to the specification of the cover panel, which is generally 500mm and should not be greater than 600mm. The secondary keel is pressed to the arch elevation, and the secondary keel is fixed on the large keel with a round nail through the short boom, and the joint of the long secondary keel should be staggered, and the double-sided splint is nailed with a round nail dislocation, and at least two nails are nailed on both sides of the joint.
6. Anti-corrosion and fireproof treatment.
6.1. All exposed iron welds in the ceiling must be brushed with anti-rust paint before installing the cover panel.
6.2. The contact surface between the wooden skeleton and the structure should be treated with anti-corrosion, and the wooden keel should be brushed with fireproof paint 2 3 times.
7. Gypsum board installation.
7.1. The veneer should be fixed in a free state to prevent the phenomenon of bending and bulging; It should also be installed and fixed under the condition that the roof of the shed is closed to prevent the board surface from being deformed by moisture. The long side of the gypsum board should be laid along the longitudinal secondary keel.
7.2. Specifications for fixing gypsum board countersunk self-tapping screws: 5mm 25mm;The second layer of the double-layer plate countersunk self-tapping screw is selected 5mm 35mm。
7.3. The distance (i.e., the long side) between the countersunk self-tapping screw and the board edge (the gypsum board on the paper surface is both wrapped and sealed) is 10mm, and the cut board edge (i.e., the short side) is 15mm.
7.4. The countersunk self-tapping screw should be 150 170mm away from the edge of the plate, and the screw should be perpendicular to the plate surface if the nail distance in the plate is not more than 300mm, and the screws that have been bent and deformed should be removed, and the screws should be installed at 50mm away from the original nail position.
7.5. When installing the double-layer board, the joints between the surface layer board and the base plate should be staggered, and should not be on a keel.
7.6. The gypsum board and the keel should be fixed from the middle of a board to the four sides of the board, and no multiple points should be operated at the same time. When hoisting the modeling ceiling, it is necessary to pay attention to the connection with the surrounding gypsum board, and the seams are straight and smooth.
7.7. The screw head should be slightly buried in the board surface, but the paper surface should not be damaged, and the nail hole should be treated with anti-rust treatment and smoothed with gypsum putty.
Second, quality standards.
1. Main control project.
1.1. The elevation, size, arching and shape of the ceiling should meet the design requirements.
1.2. The material, variety, specification and pattern of gypsum board should meet the design requirements.
1.3. The installation of the boom, keel and finishing material must be firm.
1.4. The material, specification, installation spacing and connection method of the boom and keel should meet the design and product use requirements. Metal booms and keels should be treated with anti-rust on the surface. The wooden keel should be treated with anti-corrosion and fireproofing.
1.5. The joints of gypsum board should be treated with anti-cracking treatment according to its construction process standards. Reserve a gap of 3 5mm, when installing double-layer gypsum board, the joints between the surface layer board and the base plate should be staggered, and a gap of 3 5mm should be reserved, and the seams on the same keel should not be allowed.
2 General items.
2.1. The surface of the covering material should be clean and consistent in color, and there should be no warping, cracks and defects.
2.2. The position of lamps, smoke sensors, temperature sensors, sprinkler heads, tuyeres, broadcasting and other equipment on the cover panel should be reasonable and beautiful, and the handover of the veneer should be consistent and tight.
2.3. The joints of the boom and keel should be uniform and consistent, the corner seams should be consistent, and the surface should be smooth, without warping and hammering. The wooden boom and keel should be straight, without splitting and deformation.
2.4. The variety and thickness of sound-absorbing materials filled in the ceiling should meet the design requirements, and there should be anti-scattering measures.
2.5. The allowable deviation and inspection method of gypsum board ceiling installation shall comply with the provisions of the following table.
Allowable deviation and inspection method for the installation of gypsum board (integral surface layer) ceiling engineering.
Allowable deviation and inspection method for the installation of gypsum board (plate surface layer) ceiling engineering.
3. Finished product protection.
1. Attention should be paid to protecting all kinds of pipelines in the ceiling during installation. The boom and keel of the light steel skeleton shall not be fixed on the ventilation duct and other equipment.
2. The skeleton, cover panel and other ceiling materials are strictly managed during the admission storage and use to ensure that they are not deformed, damp and rusty.
3. During the construction of the ceiling, attention should be paid to the protection of the installed doors and windows, the ground, walls, window sills, etc., which have been completed, to prevent fouling.
4. The skeleton of the installed ceiling shall not be stepped on. Other types of hanging parts shall not be hung on the ceiling skeleton.
5. In order to protect the finished product, the installation of the cover panel must be carried out after all the processes such as pipeline water testing, thermal insulation, installation and commissioning in the shed.
Fourth, the quality of the project.
1. The ceiling keel must be firm and flat, and the camber should be adjusted by using boom or suspension bar bolts. When installing the keel, the peripheral skeleton should be assembled in strict accordance with the horizontal standard line and the gauge square line of the pay-off. The stressed nodes should be nailed tightly and firmly to ensure the overall stiffness of the keel. The size of the keel should meet the design requirements, and the vertical and horizontal cambers should be uniform and adapt to each other. It is strictly forbidden to have hard bending of the ceiling keel, and if there is one, it must be straightened and then fixed.
2. The ceiling surface layer must be flat, and the line should be elastic before construction, and the middle should be arched according to the flat line. The knot length of the long keel should be butted; The adjacent keel joints should be staggered to avoid the main keel tilting to the side.
3. After the keel is installed, it should be installed after passing the inspection, and the cover panel hanger must be installed firmly, and it is strictly forbidden to loosen and deform. The geometry of the keel compartment must meet the design requirements and the modulus of the surface slab.
4. The varieties and specifications of the veneer meet the design requirements, and the appearance quality must be the specifications of the composite material technical standards.
5. Heavy lamps, fans and other heavy equipment greater than 3kg are strictly forbidden to be installed on the keel of the ceiling project.
5. Safe construction.
1. When using high stools, herringbone ladders, and movable racks, the lower feet should be tied with linen cloth or covered with non-slip mats. Between herringbone ladders, a rope should be added to prevent slipping.
2. When using scaffolding, the scaffolding erection should meet the requirements of relevant national specifications. The amount of material stacked on the scaffold shall not exceed the specified load, and the springboard shall be fixed with steel wire binding, and there shall be no probe board. Scaffolding should be set up for the ceiling height of more than 3m, and safety nets should be installed under the springboard.
3. During the construction of the ceiling, the electrical equipment used should comply with the safety operation procedures of the pipe.
4. Mobile tools and power tools should be installed with reliable anti-leakage protection devices to achieve one machine, one gate and one protection.
5. Safety helmets must be worn when entering the site, and safety belts should be worn when working at height. It is strictly forbidden to wear slippers, high heels, spiked slippers or bare feet to enter the site.
6. The workplace should be equipped with complete and reliable fire-fighting equipment. No flammable materials shall be stored in the workplace, and smoking or open flames shall not be used.
Sixth, green environmental protection.
1. During the construction process, the noise generated by construction equipment such as electric hammer shall be controlled by the construction personnel in strict accordance with the environmental protection measures determined by the project.
2. Waste is classified and stored according to the designated location and disposed of centrally.
3. The waste materials after construction should be cleaned up in time, so that the materials are cleared and the site is cleared, and the civilized construction is insisted on.