Controversy Project
Forever Tao YuanmingThree
One shape seems to be systematic, and it is not easy to be plain.
Sonoda day dream, Andejiu separation?
Tao Yuanming's professional life is actually quite exciting.
Tao Yuanming's first job with a record of the Eight Classics was in Jiangzhou, when he was twenty-nine years old. There is no record of his resume before the age of twenty-nine, but from his poems, we can know that he was about "the general horn of the Tao" and "the young eunuch". That is to say, he began to study the scriptures and arts at the age of twelve, and began his study tour career after the weak crown.
During the Wei and Jin dynasties, generally the children of the aristocracy with a little ambition began to enter the official career at the age of twenty, and sought the corresponding official positions according to the grades set by the Zhongzheng, and began to experience from low positions. Xie Lingyun stepped into the altar according to this route, but for him in the first class, he couldn't look down on such an idle position as a foreigner.
Twenty-nine years old can be regarded as the age of grandparents for the current social situation at that time. Some scholars have also studied that Tao Yuanming has actually been traveling around since he was twenty years old, but the positions he is engaged in are too humble to be verified. This inference is based on the tenth of his poem "Drinking": "In the past, he traveled far and wide to the corner of the East China Sea. The road is long and windy. Who's going to do this? It seems to be driven by hunger. Plunge into the camp and have a little more than enough. I'm afraid this is not a famous plan, and I will return to idleness."
Be skeptical here, because Tao Yuanming's poems often have some imaginary words beyond reality, and in the eighth chapter of "Quasi-Ancient", he also wrote, "When he was young, he was strong and powerful, and he traveled alone with a sword." At that time, the whole northern territory was under the control of ethnic minorities such as the Xiongnu and Xianbei, and it was less likely that he traveled to Zhangye, and I personally thought that this was the poet's exaggeration and imagination. Therefore, it is more inclined that his first appearance was twenty-nine years old, and his position was Jiangzhou sacrificial wine.
In fact, Tao Yuanming has a clear explanation of this matter in the nineteen songs of his "Drinking":
"Drinking".its nineteenth
In the past, he was hungry for a long time, and he went to study.
will not be able to raise the festival, and the frozen will be entangled with themselves.
It is the time to establish the year, and the ambition is ashamed.
Then he divided his clothes and returned to the field.
The starry air current, the pavilion is complex.
The world is long, and Yang Zhu stops.
Although there is no money squandering, the turbid wine can be feared.
"Drinking" should be one of the poems in which Tao Yuanming described his heart after returning to his hometown and retreating for many years. At the beginning of the poem, he said that he was seeking rice and rice when he first joined the office, but after becoming an official, he still failed to fundamentally solve the problem of food and clothing, which caused reflection, and then determined the destination of life. In the year of establishment, he was deeply ashamed of his life's ambition, so he simply fulfilled Geng Jie's nature and returned to the countryside with his clothes untied. Although it has been twelve years since I returned to the countryside, the melancholy and entanglement in my heart are still repeated. He used the allusion of the defender "Yang Zhu Qilu" during the Warring States Period to shadow the hesitation of the past, and finally he relieved himself with wine, saying that the world is vast and far, but fortunately there is wine to solve.
In fact, Tao Yuanming's first job was not bad.
According to scholars' research, Jiangzhou sacrificial wine is still a relatively important position of real power. Since Tao Kan's death, Jiangzhou has been included in the sphere of influence of the Huan family and the Langya Wang family. According to the "Book of Song, Baiguan Zhi", it is recorded: "In the middle of Emperor Xiankang of the Jin Dynasty, Jiangzhou had another sacrificial wine and was above the bureaucratic position." "State) sacrificial wine is divided into all the Cao: soldiers, thieves, warehouses, households, water, and armor. There is no sacrificial wine in Yangzhou, and the main book governs affairs". In other words, the Jiangzhou sacrificial wine is unique to this place, and it is in charge of the affairs related to the soldiers of a state.
Jiangzhou is now Jiujiang, the first county of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the jurisdiction is most of Jiangxi. Located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, bordering Jingzhou and holding Yangzhou, it has always had a pivotal military position. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it can be said to be the most important military town in addition to Jingzhou and Yangzhou.
Why such an important position fell to the infamous Tao Yuanming should depend on the prestige of his great-grandfather Tao Kan in Jiangzhou. Tao Kan lived in Lujiang for a long time to seek Yang, and in 330 years, he won the battle with the Wang family in Jiangzhou and truly controlled Jiangzhou. Although after Tao Kan's death, the Huan and Wang families took turns to sit in Jiangzhou, but after years of hard work, the power of the Tao family is still not to be underestimated. It can be said that the status of the Tao family in Jiangzhou will not be inferior to the status of the Wang family in Huiji, Tao Yuanming, as a descendant of the Tao and Meng families, although the family is not obvious, but the reputation is resounding. In order to balance the forces of all parties, the Wang family, who is the assassin of Jiangzhou, may naturally be entrusted with important tasks in order to win over the children of the Tao family.
It's a pity that Tao Yuanming, who is Gengjie by nature, obviously does not adapt to the officialdom ecology, and he resigned not long after this job.
In 398 AD, Huan Wen's youngest son Huan Xuan couldn't bear the exclusion of Sima Daozi's father and son, so he geared up to do a big job. He vigorously recruited talents, and even Tao Yuanming, who was idle at home, was recruited into his subordinate. This is Tao Yuanming's longest job in his life, he joined the company in 398, although he was extremely impatient to return to his hometown, but he still persevered, until his mother Meng died in 401 AD, he resigned and returned home.
I have to say that Tao Yuanming is still quite lucky, and a major event happened in the Eastern Jin Dynasty during his Ding worry. The former boss Huan Xuan really ousted the big boss of the Eastern Jin Dynasty from the stage, and he sat in that position, although he has only been the emperor for more than a year, but it can be regarded as the dream of the two generations of the Huan family to win the world. However, before the dragon chair could sit down, he was driven down by Liu Yu, who was born as a "salesman" at the bottom.
Tao Yuanming perfectly avoided this big hunt in the "jungle", and some critics thought that Tao Yuanming was prescient, and I think he was purely lucky.
In 404 A.D., the dynasty was back on track. But after the Huan Xuan incident, the Sima Dynasty was already an empty shelf, and Liu Yu and other low-level warlords gradually began to control the lifeblood of the country.
Tao Yuanming was close to the age of confusion at this time, and he began to be deeply worried and self-blamed, "forty years are unheard, and he is not afraid", and his deep-rooted ambition to the world made him famous again. This time he joined Liu Yu and joined the army for the town army. The following year, he joined Liu Jingxuan, the son of Liu Gaozhi, when Liu Jingxuan served as the assassin of Jiangzhou, and Tao Yuanming's position was still to join the army.
At that time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty**, Liu Jiaozhi and Liu Yu, who had military power in their hands, were both hot figures. After being silent for many years, Tao Yuanming was still able to easily get an important position under them. On the one hand, it is because of the prestige of the Tao family, and on the other hand, it can also be seen that although he lived in seclusion in the countryside, he has never been far from the life circle of the powerful at that time, which is completely different from his complete retreat in the later period.
Tao Yuanming still didn't insist on this promising job, and he resigned again in less than a year. Regarding the mental journey of this, he explained it very clearly in the poem "The Military Envoy to Jianwei in March of the Year of Yi to Pass through Qianxi":
"In March, Jianwei joined the army and made the capital pass through Qianxi".
I don't practice the realm, and the years have accumulated.
Looking at the mountains and rivers in the morning and evening, everything is as before.
The light rain washes the high forest, and the clouds are clear.
The goods and goods of the dependents are preserved, and the righteous wind is not separated.
What is the rest of the people, to encourage the servants?
One shape seems to be systematic, and it is not easy to be plain.
Sonoda day dream, Andejiu separation?
Finally, I am in the return boat, and I forgive you for the frost cypress.
It was March 405, and Tao Yuanming was ordered by Liu Jingxuan, a general of Jianwei, to go to Kyoto on a business trip, passing through his hometown of Qianxi. The familiar and unfamiliar mountains and rivers evoked the pastoral dream in his heart.
In fact, it has only been a year since he left his hometown to "work", and Uncle Tao feels that he has not set foot in this land for a long time. Looking at the green mountains and green waters in front of you in the morning light, they are all the same as in the past, the light rain washes the dust and the trees are cool, and the wind blows the birds and flies higher. The wind and rain are at the right time, everything is flourishing, and everything is so beautiful. And I'm a**? In that earthly cage, there is hard work and no freedom. I still can't lose my ordinary ambition, but I still have to return here after all, and be a pine and cypress in the frost, how good.
When he came back from a business trip, he handed in his resignation.
However, at this time, although Tao Yuanming did not have an old mother to support, he had a few more children under his knees who were waiting to be fed, so he still succumbed to the cruelty of reality.
After Jianwei resigned from joining the army, one of his uncles saw that he had been unable to make ends meet, so he found him a job with Peng Zeling in his hometown. The salary of this job is not high, but there are 100 acres of public land that can be cultivated, and Tao Yuanming's willingness to do this job is mainly due to the 100 acres of land. He wanted to plant all the sorghum and make endless wine. His wife, Zhai, insisted on planting rice, and finally took a step back and planted 50 acres of rice and 50 acres of sorghum.
However, in the end, he could not wait for his wine.
At the end of the year, the superior superintendent wanted to come to the county to inspect, and the county official asked him to dress neatly to receive Shangfeng, and the old man resigned in a rage, leaving a famous saying "How can I bend my waist to the township children for five buckets of rice!" ”
It's also so willful that no one is there!
The glory of the Great Sima family has always made Tao Yuanming look up to his head, which is due to the superiority in his bones, even if he is already surrounded by four walls.
This was Tao Yuanming's last job, and in the last month of 405 AD, he was honorably laid off. After more than ten years of inner suffering, he finally "returned to nature".