The fan is a wind-inducing product and a must-have for summer time. Chinese fan culture has a profound cultural heritage, is a part of the national culture, and it has a close relationship with bamboo culture and Buddhist culture. China has always been known as the "Kingdom of Fan Making".
So, what are the famous fans in China? What are the advantages of these fans? Let's take a look at the top ten famous fans in China, let's take a look!
10. Light fan.
The light fan is also called the pocket fan, it folds freely, is small and exquisite, and easy to carry. One is an iron handle, the fan shell is stamped with iron sheet, coated with various colors of paint, colored paper fan surface, the pattern is new, and it is cheap. The other is a wooden handle or a bamboo handle, which is made of colored paper or fragrant wood, and it is also folded freely.
Nine, silk fan.
The green bamboo fan is also called the silk fan or the bamboo silk fan. Qing Wang Tingding's "New Record of Cane Fan": "Silk fan: from the ridge table, cut bamboo green as fine as wisps, woven like cloth, smooth and traceless, square, round, hexagonal. After five or six years, the color is ruddy, the wind is cool, and the elegance is also. This kind of fan is also produced in Qingshen County, Sichuan, also known as "green bamboo fan" or "bamboo silk fan". There is also a kind of low-grade bamboo fan made of coarser bamboo pieces, which is produced in northern Zhejiang and southern Anhui, which is durable, cheap and good, and urban and rural residents like to use it.
8. The cow fracture fan is a folding fan made of buffalo ribs. Produced in Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiangxi, Guangzhou and other places, the production of buffalo ribs has to go through many processes such as scraping, sawing, planing, bleaching, modeling, latte art, sanding, grinding, etc., which is delicate and white, like an ivory fine latte folding fan.
7. Banana fans are also called pu fans, sunflower fans, and pu sunflower fans. This kind of fan is lightweight, windy, and inexpensive, and people like to use it from ancient times to the present. Palmetto is a perennial tropical and ** evergreen tree, and the sunflower fan is made from the processing of its leaves.
According to the "Book of Jin Xie An's Biography", the Eastern Jin Dynasty minister Xie An had a fellow villager who returned to Jiankang from Zhongsu's dismissal, accompanied by 50,000 kwai fans, Xie An took some for his own use, and often cranked kwai fans, and many people rushed to follow suit.
Qing Dynasty Wang Tingding's "New Record of Cane Fan": "In ancient times, there were palm fans, Kwai fans, Pu fans, and banana fans. Palm is a kind of name palmetto, "Yanbei Magazine" called "Tang Yun" "brown" word note cloud "palmetto also, is a palm fan ear". With its banana like a banana, it is also known as a banana fan, the production of Fujian is wide and the leaves are round and thick, the handle is long and the ruler is outside, the color is light and blue, and the dry is white but not dry. The native people pick down the shade and dry, make it flat with heavy objects, cut it into a circle, cut the fine silk, and the edge of the brocade line, that is, still its handle is the handle, and it is said that the 'self-come handle' is the thick one. There is a cut of its handle, with the famous bamboo, wood, lacquer, ivory, tortoiseshell for it, decorated with green butterflies and silver flowers, the edge of the brocade edge, is for the fine. It is commonly known as the pu fan, or the banana fan, which is also a thing. ”
According to different cultivation and harvesting methods, the raw materials of sunflower fans can be divided into three flags, long handles and raw brushes. The general sunflower fan is made of sunflower leaves by cutting, drying, baking, baking, weaving (weaving), sewing and processing, and there are many kinds, such as cow heart fan, chicken heart fan, glass fan, fire painting fan and so on. In addition, according to the size of the model, it can be divided into large fan, medium fan, small medium fan and small fan.
This kind of fan is light and windy, and it is cheap, and people like to use it from ancient times to the present.
Sixth, the jade version of the fan.
Qing Wang Tingding's "New Record of Cane Fan": "Jade fan: Zhejiang's Cangshan has many giant bamboos, and there are those who are surrounded by two feet away. The people of Bihu can cut it off, take its width five or six inches, the length of the ruler, iron it to make it flat, its shape is wide and slightly killed, with mahogany, or bright corners, tortoiseshell, carved as a handle, pretended to be a fan, and can be engraved with calligraphy and painting on both sides. Xu Hua Nong Taishi had purchased it to serve as a gardener. The teacher loves its new shape and ingenuity, and the color is white and smooth like jade, because of the title of 'jade version fan'. This kind of fan is now also produced in Dianjiang, Sichuan, also known as"Bamboo spring fan"。
Fifth, rattan fan.
Rattan fan, rattan is a creeping plant, there are white vine, red vine, wisteria variety, flexible texture. The fan makers of the Qing Dynasty used very fine withered rattan to make the fan surface, which was durable.
Fourth, Gong Fan, also known as Zigong Gong Fan, is a treasure of Chinese traditional arts and crafts, one of the famous fans in Shu. Known as "China's first fan", it is China's intangible cultural heritage and precious folk art.
During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Gong Juewu, a fan-making artist in Ziliujing (now Zigong City) in Sichuan Province, made up a fine bamboo silk fan, and there were characters such as "Fulu Suxi" on the fan surface, or "magpie and plum" picture, which was deeply loved by people.
The bamboo silk fan began with Gong's, so it is commonly known as "Gong fan". Originated in Zigong City, Sichuan Province, it was produced in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 130 years. The inventor of "Gong Fan" is Gong Jue Wu, and it has now been passed down to the fifth generation.
In the last years of Guangxu, Zhou Xiaohuai, Sichuan Quanye Daotai, held a persuasion meeting and a treasure meeting in Chengdu to revitalize industry and commerce, and collected handicrafts from various states and counties.
Gong Juewu made a mosquito net weighing only a few taels with bamboo silk, and participated in the competition together with the bamboo fan, Zhou Xiaohuai transferred the fan to the Empress Dowager Cixi, Cixi Dayue, and awarded a "gold medal", given the name "Palace Fan", since then "Gong Fan" (also known as "Palace Fan") is famous.
Gong Fan "production of fine materials, ingenious workmanship, high artistic quality, complex technology, can be called an art treasure, known as "the world's first fan". "Gong fan uses Sichuan specialty of the year-round green bamboo, with no bamboo heart, no black and yellow markings, and the bamboo is suitable for those who are old and tender.
Bamboo silk is as thin as a hair, thin as a cicada's wings, and can transmit light and develop. Gong fan is a craft bamboo fan, peach-shaped, about 25 cm in diameter, the fan surface is thin like silk, soft like silk, smooth like a mirror. The handle of the fan is made of ivory or ivory bone, and it is decorated with silk "tassels", which is exquisitely clear.
3. Wheat straw fan, Qing Wang Tingding's "New Record of Cane Fan": "Wheat fan: wheat straw is woven into a flat belt, more than one inch wide, and the circle is regular, such as a large pot, with bamboo slices sandwiched on both sides as the handle, and the center is pasted with a small circle of five-color silk satin, embroidered landscapes and characters, extremely fine, wheat golden and moist, light and convenient. Wheat straw fan, unique style, each shows its strengths, and competes with each other. Now Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places still have production, some fans are inlaid with exquisite cut flowers in the middle, and some are pasted with a round silk silk in the middle, and painted with colorful paintings or embroidery. Unique.
Introduction: Wheat straw fan: the most diverse weaving in Pujiang County, Zhejiang. Some of the wheat straw is spread out radially from the stalk to the surroundings, and then braided into the shape of pomegranate, peacock tail feathers, etc., and then the middle of the wheat straw is connected together with embroidery thread, which is called "string fan". Some tie one end of the wheat straw tightly into the center of the circle, and then tie the wheat straw into a mesh with a thread, and a layer of cloth is spaced in the middle to set off the mesh pattern, which is called "tie flower fan". Delicate and lightweight, with a three-dimensional pattern, it was mostly used as a dowry and gift for girls in the past. In addition, there are also sticker fans (made of wheat straw collage), group fans (made of wheat straw braids around the center), flat fans (wheat straw flat weaving), etc. It can be viewed and practical.
Second, the fan. The silk palace fan is also called the fan, the group fan, the Luo fan, it appears after the feather fan, before the folding fan. Ban Jieyu, the concubine of Emperor Cheng of the Western Han Dynasty, wrote a famous "Group Fan Song": "The new Qi Su is as clean as frost and snow." Cut into a acacia fan, like a bright moon. In and out of the sleeves of the king, shaking the breeze. I am often afraid that the autumn festival is coming, and the cool soars to seize the heat. In the abandonment of donations, the kindness is refused. "Using the fan of the wing group to express the complex psychology of being jealous and excluded by Zhao Feiyan and afraid of being snubbed by the king.
Judging from the poetry and prose of the Yongfan scattered in the past dynasties, the group fan was popular in the Western Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty for more than 1,000 years, and after the Song Dynasty, it went hand in hand with the folding fan, and was deeply loved by concubines and ladies and literati. Most of the ancient silk palace fans are finely made, and the decoration is gorgeous: "Group fan: the people of modern times are universal, the plain silk is stretched on both sides, or mud gold, or porcelain blue lake color, there is also a full moon, a round waist, and a hexagonal shape, all of which are calligraphy and paintings of famous people, and the name is 'group fan'. The handle is mostly made of plum branding, Xiangfei, and palm bamboo, and there are also foreign lacquer, ivory, and the like. ”
1. Feather fan, known as "finch fan" in ancient times, the word fan is understood according to Chinese hieroglyphs, and the earliest fan is made of bird feathers, and there is a portal home that has the right to have.
Mingwen Zhenheng's "Chronicles of Long Things" volume 7: "Fan, feather fan is the oldest." The word "fan" from "feather" also proves that in the fan family, the appearance of the feather fan is the earliest. Jin Cui Bao's "Ancient and Modern Notes": "The pheasant tail fan originated from the Yin Dynasty Gaozong. According to the records of the former Qin Wangjia's "Collected Memories", the feather fan began in the time of King Zhao of Zhou, and there is a saying that Yu Xia took the magpie wings as a fan. The word fan is understood according to Chinese hieroglyphs, and the earliest fan was made of bird feathers, and only those who had a portal had the right to own. Fans originated in the Yu Shun period and were used to shield the sun and were also a sign of authority.
Feather fans are light and delicate things, and the gentle breeze from them is suitable for even the elderly and infirm, pregnant women, and postpartum mothers and children. "Book of Tang": Its fan is slow and cool, used by the sick and weak, and does not catch a cold, especially suitable for pregnant women. Huzhou is located in the Taihu Lake Basin, and deep in the shallow marsh and reeds of Taihu Lake, there are geese, cranes, herons, egrets and other birds, the feathers of these birds are the raw materials of Huzhou feather fans, and most of the fan workers in Huzhou are also from the Xishan area of the Taihu Lake Basin.
The fame of Huzhou feather fan has been there since the Tang Dynasty, Yan Zhenqing, who was the history of Huzhou thorn, recorded the old story of Wuxing in the "Stone Pillar Record" with the sentence "Yao Chang pheasant tail fan", it is said that the feathers have been brushed by the Xiaxi water under the Huzhou camel bridge, which can make the fan shiny, which is rare in other places. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Yanchang had a cloud in "Feather Fan Spectrum": "The feather fan is good at Wu Xingjiu." ”
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