Mao commented on the Three Kingdoms: Zhuge Liang's three major problems are difficult for Liu Bei to dominate the world
The long river of history is like the Yangtze River flowing eastward, and heroic deeds rise and fall with the waves. Success or failure is fleeting, and it is all illusory in an instant. The green mountains stand tall and witness the vicissitudes of countless sunsets.
Fishermen and woodcutters watch the change of time by the river, and the autumn moon and spring breeze are often around. When getting together, a pot of turbid wine is enough to comfort, and between laughter and conversation, the heroic deeds of ancient and modern times turn into clouds of smoke.
All the past dissipates in the midst of laughter.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" depicts the magnificent history of the late Eastern Han Dynasty with ** strokes, revealing the diversity and impermanence of human nature in the battle of wits and beacon fire, and making people sigh at the insignificance of individual power.
**This great leader, who has studied the "Three Kingdoms" for decades, knows the successes and failures of Zhuge Kongming well, and his insight is admirable. However, now the study of the classics"Specialists"Although there are many people, their interpretations are often flooded with ** and the Internet.
They pursue attention, exaggerate prices, sometimes even cross the bottom line, speculate and criticize, but often fail to do fair.
After 2,000 years of baptism, the wise sage Zhuge Liang is now misunderstood and criticized, and has slipped from the former sage model to the focus of questioning. Those pretentious researchers, who only seek short-term fame, use exaggerated brushstrokes to depict them, but in fact only for personal gain and concern.
However, the true essence of the Three Kingdoms is only unique in modern times. He once conducted an in-depth analysis and gave a deep insight into the success or failure of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, which was a unique insight when reading the "Book of Authority".
In annotating this article, ** sharply pointed out the regret in Zhuge Liang's military strategy. Although "Longzhong Pair" is beginning to show its edge, indicating the pattern of three parts of the world, Zhuge Liang's strategic layout hides a fatal loophole.
He advocated that Liu Bei first take Jingzhou and then Xishu, trying to settle it once and for all. However, as a giant in the military field, ** saw at a glance the flaws of this strategy - excessive division of troops meant that the weak forces of Shu Han would be dispersed and could not effectively gather resources.
Unfortunately, Zhuge Liang chose to divide his troops many times, such as Guan Yu to defend Jingzhou and Liu Bei to conquer Wu, and these decisions seemed to weaken the already fragile Shu Han power.
In the face of successive defeats and the weakening of the strength of Shu Han, Zhuge Liang not only did not choose to lie dormant to recuperate, but resolutely launched the Northern Expedition, which is undoubtedly against the trend to resist the strong with the weak.
Despite his heroism, the failure to reverse the defeat is a strategic regret. Whether on the screen or in literature, Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition is mentioned"Heart-wrenching"The picture is always hard to avoid.
Looking at Zhuge Liang's six expeditions to Qishan, the first and last battles seem to have been the most effective, which coincided with the internal turmoil of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the delicate situation.
Zhuge Liang is well versed in the value of opportunity, and waved his army to the Northern Expedition, Shu Han still has strong generals, and Zhao Yun and other heroes are in their prime. However, he failed to properly understand people and stubbornly entrusted Ma Jian with important responsibilities.
Liu Bei's last wish clearly pointed out that Ma Jian should not be reused, but Zhuge Liang repeatedly ignored it, and Ma Jian was conceited and intelligent, and he lost the street pavilion under the impact of the Northern Wei Dynasty and gave up strategic places, which proved that he made mistakes in employing people.
As for the choice of Jingzhou guards, Zhuge Liang once pushed Guan Yu to sit at the east gate, relying on Guan Yu's bravery. However, the decision also revealed another regret in his selection of key positions.
Zhuge Liang neglected Guan Yu's solitary character, and he looked down on the generals of Eastern Wu, which led to constant tension between the two sides. originally wanted to use the alliance to confront Cao Wei, but Guan Yu's actions made the cooperation with Eastern Wu tend to be strained, and it was inevitable to attract the hostility of the other party.
Moreover, with the existence of Guan Yu, it is difficult to unify the implementation strategy, which creates an opportunity for Dongwu to take advantage of. Once Jingzhou is lost, Shu Han's situation will be even worse, how can Zhuge Liang's plan for the Northern Expedition be easily realized?
As early as the Xibaipo period, Zhuge Liang was used as an example many times to reveal the problem of employing people. During a conversation with the guards, he smiled confidently, "Still, I'm not perfect.
The guards responded, how could the chairman have made a mistake? This dialogue reveals the chairman's dialectical reflection on Zhuge Liang's strategy. He knows very well that even Zhuge Kongming has made mistakes in employing people, and I am naturally no exception.
From the choices of Ma Jian and Guan Yu, it can be seen that Zhuge Liang does have something worth reflecting on in terms of talent selection.
Zhuge Liang's strategy of employing people is not unassailable, and his two key appointments seem to reveal his imperfections. Especially in the first Northern Expedition, Wei Yan, whom he trusted and reused, put forward a bold plan to raid Chang'an with surprise troops.
However, this suggestion did not come to fruition, but indirectly affected Zhuge Liang's results, reflecting that Zhuge Liang was not omnipotent, and he also faced challenges in decision-making.
Although Wei Yan's strategic vision was forward-looking, the results in actual combat were not achieved, which proves that even the wise Zhuge Liang has the limitations of his decision-making.
No matter how Wei Yan advocated, Zhuge Liang always adhered to the principle of steadiness, and every time he set out, he followed the established steps to ensure that nothing went wrong. This cautious tactic made Cao Wei know it well.
** gives a profound comment on this history.
In the eyes of ***, although Zhuge Liang is skilled in tactics, he relies too much on books, ignores the actual battle situation, and rarely adapts flexibly. In the face of Cao Wei's sturdy defense, Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition suffered repeated setbacks, and even with his life's work, he failed to achieve a decisive victory.
Whether it is during the war or in the construction of New China, we have always adhered to flexible strategies and opposed conformism. Because war is like an ever-changing chess game, it cannot be completely preset according to the military book, and each battle needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the scene, rather than sticking to dogma.
The real battlefield is an immediate duel, not a rigid one, and flexibility is the key to victory.
** The analysis of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition defeat is accurate and in-depth, but despite this, Zhuge Liang's brilliance in the hearts of the leader has not been dimmed. No one is perfect, including Zhuge Liang, and it has its limitations, but this is by no means a reason to belittle his extraordinary talents, nor will it become the focus of hype by others.
His talent shines brightly beyond the existence of flaws.