In China, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease cannot be ignored, and according to statistics, its prevalence has been as high as 108%, which means that on average, one in ten people faces challenges with kidney health.
To make matters worse, the number of uremia patients, the most severe form of chronic kidney disease, is steadily rising. This trend has attracted widespread attention from all walks of life, and people have been raising the question of why there are more and more uremia patients.
Uremia, as the advanced stage of acute and chronic renal failure, loses the ability of the kidneys to remove excess water, electrolytes and metabolites from the body in a timely manner.
The occurrence of this condition can be traced back to a variety of factors, including a range of kidney diseases, high blood pressure, diabetes, etc., and even some external factors, such as exposure to poisons or certain drugs.
These factors work together to impair the function of the kidneys and may eventually lead to uremia.
The fast pace of modern life, poor eating habits, lack of exercise, etc., are all key factors that contribute to diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.
These diseases, in turn, are major risk factors for uremia, creating a vicious circle. For example, diabetes can damage the glomeruli, affecting the permeability of its basement membrane, which in turn reduces the kidneys' ability to detoxify.
Similarly, high blood pressure can also lead to hypertensive nephropathy and narrowing of the renal arteries, further damaging kidney health.
Kidney diseases, such as chronic nephritis, glomerulonephritis and lupus kidney, directly affect the structure and function of the kidneys and are the direct cause of uremia.
These diseases can progressively damage the kidneys, preventing them from performing their physiological functions effectively, leading to uremia.
Uremia is not only a serious medical problem, it also has a profound impact on the quality of life of patients.
Patients may experience extreme physical and psychological distress and need to rely on dialysis for a long time or seek a kidney transplant or other methods to stay alive.
In addition, uremia is also a heavy burden on families and society, not only because of its high cost, but also because it can cause patients to be unable to work, increasing the economic pressure on families and society.
It is important to note that there are also differences in the impact of uremia in different populations. For example, studies have shown that married women are more likely to develop a feeling of urine, and that they have a higher risk of developing uremia.
This may be related to physiological, genetic, as well as socioeconomic factors, but in any case, it underscores the importance of prevention and early intervention for specific populations.
The incidence of uremia is on the rise and is closely related to our daily habits.
Studies have revealed that multiple aspects of lifestyle, such as eating habits, lack of physical activity, irregular work and rest, etc., have a direct impact on the increased risk of uremia.
1. Poor eating habits
Poor diets, especially those high in salt, sugar, and fat, pose a significant threat to kidney health. A high-salt diet not only increases the burden on the kidneys, but may also induce high blood pressure and further impair kidney function.
In addition, excessive sugar and fat intake can increase the filtration load on the kidneys, which may lead to kidney damage and increase the risk of uremia in the long run.
2. Lack of exercise
Secondly, physical inactivity is also an important factor contributing to the increased risk of uremia. Regular physical activity not only improves cardiovascular health, but it also helps with weight management, which reduces the risk of kidney disease.
Lack of exercise can lead to weight gain, increasing the risk of high blood pressure and diabetes, both of which are important risk factors for uremia.
3. Irregular work and rest and staying up late for a long time
Third, the negative impact of irregular work and rest and staying up late for a long time on physical health cannot be ignored.
Staying up late can lead to sleep deprivation and affect the body's metabolic and endocrine balance, which may indirectly increase the risk of kidney disease. Sleep deprivation also lowers the body's immunity, making the kidneys more susceptible to disease.
4. Hold urine
Fourth, certain habits in life, such as holding urine, are also harmful to kidney health. Holding urine can lead to retention of urine in the body, and the harmful substances in the retained urine may be reabsorbed, causing damage to the kidneys.
Holding urine frequently also increases the risk of urinary tract infections, and when people hold urine for long periods of time, the accumulated urine in the bladder becomes a breeding ground for bacteria. These bacteria can travel down the urinary tract and cause urethritis, cystitis, and even pyelonephritis.
This series of infections not only brings pain and discomfort to patients, but also affects the normal function of the kidneys, and in severe cases, can even lead to chronic renal failure.
5. Excessive alcohol consumption
Finally, excessive alcohol consumption is also a threat to the kidneys. Alcohol can directly damage kidney cells, affecting the kidneys' filtration and detoxification functions. Long-term excessive alcohol consumption can also lead to high blood pressure and liver disease, which are risk factors for uremia.
The prevention of uremia should start with improving daily habits, including adopting a healthy diet and choosing foods that are low in protein and salt, which can directly reduce the burden on the kidneys.
At the same time, avoiding excessive intake of spicy and stimulating foods, quitting smoking and alcohol are all effective ways to protect kidney health. Maintain regular physical activity, get enough sleep, avoid unhealthy lifestyle habits such as holding urine, and limit alcohol consumption.
These seemingly simple details of life actually play a key role in delaying the decline of kidney function and reducing the incidence of kidney disease.
By making these lifestyle modifications, we can significantly reduce the risk of uremia and protect kidney health, thereby maintaining overall physical health and quality of life.
Regular health check-ups are a powerful guarantee for early detection and early kidney disease.
Early signs of kidney disease can be detected by regular checks of kidney function, electrolyte levels, blood and urine tests.
Kidney function tests, particularly blood creatinine levels, which are evaluated by blood tests, provide doctors with a direct window into the health of the kidneys.
When the patient's serum creatinine level rises significantly above 707 mmol, this is not only a clear sign of severe renal impairment, but also an important indicator that the patient has entered the uremia stage.
At this stage, complications of metabolic acidosis are common, indicating that the patient's metabolic waste excretion mechanism has been severely blocked.
Electrolyte imbalances are another common complication in uremia patients, which involves an imbalance of key minerals such as sodium, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus in the body.
Since the kidneys are the main organs for maintaining electrolyte balance, the decline in their function leads to the impaired excretion of potassium and phosphorus, which causes these substances to accumulate in the body, which in turn leads to an increase in the level of potassium and phosphorus in the blood.
At the same time, the reabsorption of sodium and calcium in the body decreases and the excretion increases, resulting in the appearance of low sodium and low calcium symptoms. This electrolyte imbalance not only affects the patient's heart and bone health, but can also lead to a range of physiological dysfunctions.
In uremia patients, the blood routine often indicates anemia, which often occurs because the kidneys have lost the ability to properly synthesize erythropoietin.
Erythropoietin is an important hormone that directs the bone marrow to produce red blood cells, which in turn are important mediators that carry oxygen to various parts of the body.
When this process is blocked, the body will have a state of insufficient oxygen**, which is what we call anemia. One of the ways to get anemia is by using recombinant human erythropoietin, which can replace the function of the kidneys to some extent and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
However, if the body lacks enough iron, the production of red blood cells can be limited, even with the help of erythropoietin.
Therefore, iron supplementation becomes particularly important, but iron alone is not ideal and needs to be used in combination with erythropoietin to achieve the best results.
The results of urinalysis also reveal the effects of uremia on the patient's body. The decrease in urine osmolality and urine specific gravity reflects a decrease in the ability of the kidneys to regulate water and electrolyte balance.
A positive response to protein in the urine and the presence of red blood cells and white blood cells in urine sediment are direct indications of impaired filtration function of the kidneys.
More seriously, as the disease progresses, the patient's urine output will decrease significantly, and even oliguria or anuria will occur, which further exacerbates the accumulation of toxins in the body and worsens the patient's health.
Isotope nephrogram is a non-invasive test that reveals important information about the functional status of the kidneys by assessing the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
In uremia patients, a significant decrease in glomerular filtration rate, usually less than 15 ml min, is a direct reflection of a severe deficiency in the kidneys' ability to remove waste from the body.
The accurate measurement of this indicator is not only helpful for the early diagnosis of uremia, but also crucial for the monitoring of disease progression and the evaluation of the effect.
As another commonly used imaging method, kidney color ultrasound also plays an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis of uremia patients.
Through the images reflected by high-frequency sound waves, doctors can visually observe the volume, structure, and blood flow of the kidneys. Under the influence of uremia, patients tend to have a marked decrease in kidney volume, and the cortical and medullary boundaries of the kidneys become blurred.
These characteristic changes provide a strong auxiliary basis for the diagnosis of uremia and help doctors to make a more accurate assessment of the patient's condition.
Although isotope nephrogram and renal ultrasound have their own technical emphasis, together they form an important part of the diagnosis and evaluation of uremia.
In practical clinical application, the comprehensive use of these examination methods can provide patients with a comprehensive and multi-angle disease assessment, and provide a solid basis for subsequent decision-making.
In the face of uremia, which is a serious disease challenge, communication and understanding between doctors and patients are particularly important. Doctors need to patiently explain the results of the examination and the condition of the disease to the patient, so that the patient understands the challenges he is facing and the direction of the future.
At the same time, the medical team should also pay attention to the patient's emotional and psychological state, provide them with the necessary support and encouragement, and help them face the ** and ** process with a positive attitude.